Pholedrine is a hydroxymethylamphetamine. It is a sympathimimetric drug of low toxicity, which is of great value in conditions of hypotonia, collapse, and circulatory depression. Pholedrine was reported on in 1937 by several investigators, who described its vasopressor action in animals as more potent than that of ephedrine. The drug is grouped with hydroxyamphetamine because of its similarity in structure and hemodynamic pattern. Pholedrine, in small doses, potentiates epinephrine, but in large doses blocks its pressor effect. Pholedrine applied as eye-drops produces mydriasis that is greatly attenuated by guanethidine pretreatment and diminished in patients with postganglionic sympathetic nerve lesions. It might be used to diagnose Horner's syndrome.

Iodopyracet (Diodone) is a radiocontrast agent used in urography before 1950. Renal clearance of iodopyracet is characterized by supply-limited elimination at low plasma concentrations and capacity-limited elimination at high plasma levels. Iodopyracet to be an effective agent for the estimation of renal plasma flow and tubular function has been used extensively in physiological studies. In 1945 was found, that p-aminohippuric acid was in some ways superior to diodone for these estimations in man because the urine and plasma blanks are small and because diodone penetrates human red blood cells whereas p-aminohippuric acid does not.

Pantothenic acid (known as Vitamin B5) is a water-soluble member of the B-vitamin family that is converted into 4’-phosphopantetheine, which is then converted to co-enzyme A (CoA) via adenosine triphosphate. Pantothenic acid regulates epidermal barrier function and keratinocytes differentiation via CoA metabolism. Pantothenic acid is incorporated into co-enzyme A and protects cells against peroxidative damage by increasing the level of glutathione. A recent feasibility study has also shown that daily oral supplementation of a nutritional agent containing pantothenic acid for 8 weeks was feasible and safe. It was discovered the different pharmacological implementation of pantothenic acid, such as treatment of acne, obesity. Existed some reports, mentioned efficacy using pantothenic acid in systemic lupus erythematosus. Significant reduction in morning stiffness, degree of disability, and severity of pain was reported for persons taking pantothenic acid in case of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Vitamin B5 may increase the effects of a group of drugs called cholinesterase inhibitors, which are used to treat Alzheimer's disease. That might lead to severe side effects.

Adiphenine is a ternary amino ligand. It is used as a local anesthetic that reduces the frequency of acetylcholine-induced single-channel currents. It was originally introduced as a spasmolytic agent. Adiphenine reduced the muscle tone of the gastrointestinal tract, bile duct and gallbladder, bronchi, bladder. It affects the tone of the muscles of the eye, causing the pupil dilated (mydriasis), increased intraocular pressure, and paralysis of accommodation. Influences on the cardiovascular system, causing tachycardia and improving AV-conduction. Adiphenine side effects are: nausea, vomiting, heartburn, dizziness, headache. Adiphenine has not been widely used clinically.

Pantothenic acid (known as Vitamin B5) is a water-soluble member of the B-vitamin family that is converted into 4’-phosphopantetheine, which is then converted to co-enzyme A (CoA) via adenosine triphosphate. Pantothenic acid regulates epidermal barrier function and keratinocytes differentiation via CoA metabolism. Pantothenic acid is incorporated into co-enzyme A and protects cells against peroxidative damage by increasing the level of glutathione. A recent feasibility study has also shown that daily oral supplementation of a nutritional agent containing pantothenic acid for 8 weeks was feasible and safe. It was discovered the different pharmacological implementation of pantothenic acid, such as treatment of acne, obesity. Existed some reports, mentioned efficacy using pantothenic acid in systemic lupus erythematosus. Significant reduction in morning stiffness, degree of disability, and severity of pain was reported for persons taking pantothenic acid in case of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Vitamin B5 may increase the effects of a group of drugs called cholinesterase inhibitors, which are used to treat Alzheimer's disease. That might lead to severe side effects.

Sodium dehydrocholate is a hydrocholeretic and is used to study biliary excretion.

MERSALYL (Mersal) is an organomercury compound, mercurial diuretics that superseded by safer diuretics such as thiazides, and is hardly used anymore. Due to the idiosyncratic nature of mercury toxicity, the risk of severe disease and sudden death are unpredictable and frequently show no warning signs. Mercurial diuretics cause diuresis by reducing the reabsorption sodium in the ascending loop of Henle, thus causing more water being delivered to the distal convoluted tubule. Unfortunately, earlier physicians misconstrued hallmark symptoms of mercury poisoning such as excessive salivation as signs of mercury's efficacy, including up until the early 1960s when the use of mercurial diuretics was halted in medicine.

Hexobarbital or hexobarbitone, (sold both in acid and sodium salt, brand name Evipan, and Tobinal), is a barbiturate derivative having hypnotic and sedative effects. It was used in the 1940s and 1950s as an agent for inducing anesthesia for surgery, as well as a rapid-acting, short-lasting hypnotic for general use, and has a relatively fast onset of effects and short duration of action. It was also used to murder women prisoners at Ravensbruck Concentration Camp. Modern barbiturates (such as Thiopental) has largely supplanted the use of hexobarbital as an anesthetic, as they allow for better control of the depth of anesthesia. Hexobarbital is still used in some scientific research. Hexobarbital binds at a distinct binding site associated with a Cl- ionophore at the GABA-A receptor, increasing the duration of time for which the Cl- ionophore is open. The post-synaptic inhibitory effect of GABA in the thalamus is, therefore, prolonged.

Secobarbital sodium, a barbiturate, is FDA approved for the treatment of insomnia and for pre-anesthetic use. This drug binds at a distinct site associated with a Cl- ionopore at the GABAA receptor, increasing the duration of time for which the Cl- ionopore is open. The post-synaptic inhibitory effect of GABA in the thalamus is, therefore, prolonged. Adverse reactions are drowsiness, lethargy, hangover, paradoxical excitement in elderly patients, somnolence. Rifampin may decrease secobarbital levels by increasing metabolism.