Desoxycorticosterone pivalate (DOCP) is a mineralocorticoid hormone and an analog of desoxycorticosterone. DOCP is a long-acting ester of desoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) which is recognized as having the same qualitative effects as the natural mineralocorticoid hormone aldosterone. It’s used as Percorten-V for replacement therapy for the mineralocorticoid deficit in dogs with primary adrenocortical insufficiency. Percorten-V is only available in the U.S., Canada, Australia and recently, Denmark. Percorten was originally developed for the treatment of Addison's disease in humans but the demand for it decreased significantly once Florinef was available. Unaware that their product was being prescribed “off-label” for the treatment of canine Addison’s Disease and faced with a decreased demand for Percorten, the manufacturer *almost* discontinued production until the veterinary community rose up and voiced their distress. Field trials were run and the FDA approved the use of Percorten-V (the "v" is for veterinary). DOCP like other adrenocorticoid hormones is thought to act by controlling the rate of synthesis of proteins. It reacts with receptor proteins in the cytoplasm to form a steroid-receptor complex. This complex moves into the nucleus, where it binds to chromatin that result in genetic transcription of cellular DNA to messenger RNA. The steroid hormones appear to induce transcription and synthesis of specific proteins, which produce the physiologic effects seen after administration. The most important effect of DOCP is to increase the rate of renal tubular absorption of sodium. This effect is seen most intensely in the thick portion of the ascending limb of the loop of Henle. It also increases sodium absorption in the proximal convoluted tubule but this effect is less important in sodium retention. Chloride follows the sodium out of the renal tubule. Another important effect of DOCP is enhanced renal excretion of potassium. This effect is driven by the resorption of sodium that pulls potassium from the extracellular fluid into the renal tubules, thus promoting potassium excretion.

Phenylmercuric ammonium acetate is a fungicide and bactericide. It is used for the seed treatment.

Aconitine is an alkaloid found in the Aconitum species. Aconitine is a highly toxic cardiotoxin and neurotoxin. In China and other countries, the herbal extract containing aconitine was used for the treatment of pain in musculoskeletal disorders, however the safety margin between therapeutic analgesic effect of aconitine and its known cardiotoxic effect is so narrow that the treatment may cause poisoning and death. The mechanism of aconitine action is explained by its ability to activate voltage-dependent sodium-ion channels.

Cevadine, veratridine, and related lipophilic ceveratrum alkaloids cause activation of the voltage-sensitive Na+ channels of nerve, heart, and skeletal muscle cell membranes similar to pyrethrins. Both veratridine and cevadine alter the ion selectivity of Na+ channels and cause persistent activation. The receptor for these alkaloids has not been isolated, but experiments indicate it is distinct from that of pyrethrin. Structurally, veratridine and cevadine differ only in their acyl group. Cevadine has been used as an insecticide, acting as a paralytic agent with higher toxicity to insects than to mammals. It has been used to study Na+ channel blockers such as vincamine and vincanol by inducing Na+ channels in the presence and absence of the drugs being tested.

Aconitine is an alkaloid found in the Aconitum species. Aconitine is a highly toxic cardiotoxin and neurotoxin. In China and other countries, the herbal extract containing aconitine was used for the treatment of pain in musculoskeletal disorders, however the safety margin between therapeutic analgesic effect of aconitine and its known cardiotoxic effect is so narrow that the treatment may cause poisoning and death. The mechanism of aconitine action is explained by its ability to activate voltage-dependent sodium-ion channels.

Lead(II) acetate is a white crystalline chemical compound with a sweetish taste. Lead(II) acetate is used as a mordant in textile printing and dyeing, as a drier in paints and varnishes, and in preparing other lead compounds. It was historically used as a sweetener and for cosmetics.

Theobromine is the primary alkaloid present in the cocoa and chocolate. Theobromine is found in the shells and beans of the cacao plant and it is extracted from the husks of the bean and used for the synthesis of caffeine. Theobromine is an adenosine A1 and A2a receptor antagonist. Thesodate is used as a vasodilator, a diuretic, and heart stimulant. And similar to caffeine, it may be useful in management of fatigue and orthostatic hypotension. The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by theobromine are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include anxiety, restlessness, tremors, sleeplessness, nausea and vomiting, loss of appetite. Theobromine is currently not in use as a medicinal drug.

Lead(II) acetate is a white crystalline chemical compound with a sweetish taste. Lead(II) acetate is used as a mordant in textile printing and dyeing, as a drier in paints and varnishes, and in preparing other lead compounds. It was historically used as a sweetener and for cosmetics.

Lead(II) acetate is a white crystalline chemical compound with a sweetish taste. Lead(II) acetate is used as a mordant in textile printing and dyeing, as a drier in paints and varnishes, and in preparing other lead compounds. It was historically used as a sweetener and for cosmetics.

Ferric acetate is the coordination compound more commonly known as "basic iron acetate". Used in the textile industry as a mordant in dyeing and printing, and for the weighting of silk and felt; as wood preservative; in leather dyes. Ferric acetate method is directly applicable to tissue cholesterol analysis (method of Parekh and Jung).