Gemigliptin, an orally active, CD26 antigen (dipeptidyl peptidase IV or DPP IV) antagonist, was developed by LG Life Sciences (Seoul, Korea) and was approved by the Ministry of Food and Drug safety in June 2012 for the treatment of Type 2 diabetes mellitus. Zemiglo is the brand name of gemigliptin. The company also signed licensing agreement with multinational pharmaceutical companies including Sanofi (Paris, France), and at present gemigliptin is approved in India, Columbia, Costa Rica, Panama, Ecuador and a few other countries. Registration studies are currently ongoing in several countries including Russia, Mexico and Thailand. Various studies have proven the efficacy and safety of gemigliptin for the treatment of T2DM, both as monotherapy as well as in combination with other anti-diabetic drugs. Gemigliptin binds to the S1, S2, and S2 extensive subsites of the DPP-4 enzyme. The piperidinone group of gemigliptin binds to the S1 subsite, where the upside F atom on the piperidin ring forms a hydrogen bond with the side chain of Tyr631 and the downside F atom makes a hydrophobic interaction with the side chain of Tyr666 and Tyr662. In addition, the key interaction occurs between the CF3 groups on the pyrimidino piperidine and the S2 extensive subsite of the DPP-4 substrate, which enhances the potency of the drug and increases its selectivity as well. Gemigliptin is a reversible and competitive inhibitor of DPP-4 enzyme with a Ki value of 7.25 ± 0.67 nM. It acts as a long-acting DPP-4 inhibitor which inhibits DPP-4 in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, it showed at least >23,000 fold selectivity for proteases such as DPP-8, DPP-9, and fibroblast activating protein – α. By preventing degradation of GLP-1 by DPP-4 inhibition, it increases insulin secretion, reduces glucagon secretion, decreases HbA1c, and prevents β-cell damage. Gemigliptin has also been investigated for the treatment of cancer and cisplatin adverse reaction.

Oxabolone is a synthetic anabolic steroid. It can be formulated as the cipionate ester prodrug oxabolone cipionate. Oxabolone cypionate is a structural derivative of nandrolone. It differs via the additional 4-hydroxyl group that is attached, therefore making oxabolone cypionate 4-hydroxynandrolone. Oxabolone is on the World Anti-Doping Agency's list of prohibited substances, and is therefore banned from use in most major sports. Oxabolone cypionate is a relatively rare drug that was once produced in Europe for human use. Was used for the treatment of osteoporosis. It is no longer produced by pharmaceutical companies; Upjohn and Pharmacia were the primary producers of it previously.

Gliclazide (BILXONA®) is an oral sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent which is used in type 2 diabetes to stimulate insulin production. It differs from other related compounds by an N-containing heterocyclic ring with an endocyclic bond. Gliclazide (BILXONA®) reduces blood glucose levels by stimulating insulin secretion from the beta-cells of the islets of Langerhans. Increase in postprandial insulin and C-peptide secretion persists after two years of treatment. In addition to these metabolic properties, Gliclazide (BILXONA®) has haemovascular properties. It is not available for sale in the United States.

Nicofetamide is the antispasmodic drug used in the treatment intestinal spasms, painful menstruation with uterine spasms, pylorospasm, habitual vomiting, and other smooth muscle spasms. Nicofetamide has also been used to facilitate and accelerate labor. Nicofetamide is administered rectally in the form of suppositories at a dosage of 400–1200 mg per day. The drug was marketed in Italy by the Bracco company.

S-Adenosylmethionine (often referred to as SAMe) is a methyl donor and a cofactor for enzyme-catalyzed methylations, including catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT) and DNA methyltransferases (DNMT). Although present in all cells, it is concentrated in liver where 85% of all methylation reactions occur. SAM is anti-apoptotic in normal hepatocytes and normal colon epithelial cells but pro-apoptotic in liver human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), HepG2 cells and colon cancer cells. Because of structural instability, stable salt forms of SAM are required for its use as an oral drug. The commonly used salts: tosylate, butanedisulfonate, disulfate tosylate, disulfate ditosylate, and disulfate monotosylate. SAMe has been marketed in some European countries since the mid-1980s for the treatment of depression and for other medical conditions such as osteoarthritis (joint disease that causes joint pain and stiffness), fibromyalgia (widespread pain and stiffness). In addition, it is used to treat liver disease and migraine headaches. However, it is not formally approved in the UK for the treatment of depression, and in the USA, it is classified only as a dietary supplement. Some research suggests that it is more effective than placebo in treating mild-to-moderate depression and is just as effective as antidepressant medications without the side effects (headaches, sleeplessness, and sexual dysfunction). In addition, antidepressants tend to take 6 to 8 weeks to begin working, while It seems to begin more quickly. Researchers are not sure how SAMe works to relieve depression. But they speculate it might increase the amount of serotonin in the brain just as some antidepressants do. Many studies have examined injectable forms of SAMe, not oral supplements.

Emepronium bromide (Cetiprina) is a quarternary ammonium compound with anticholinergic effects. It is mainly used in the treatment of urinary frequency, urge and urge incontinence and is usually administered orally and occasionally intramuscularly. Emepronium bromide was introduced into Britain, after having been used in Sweden for a number of years. The drug was advocated especially for elderly patients suffering from nocturia and urgency with incontinence, when these were due to causes other than obstruction. It was also advocated for enuresis and hypertonic bladder states following surgery or radiotherapy.

Loperamide Oxide is a prodrug of loperamide, an antidiarrheal agent, patented by Belgian pharmaceutical company Janssen Pharmaceutica N. V. as an antidiarrheal agent. Loperamide oxide is reduced to loperamide and has the same antisecretory potency as loperamide in jejunum and colon. In clinical trials, Loperamide oxide provides a safe and effective treatment for chronic diarrhea associated with Crohn's disease. Loperamide Oxide is used in the Netherlands for the treatment of acute diarrhea in adults under brand name Arestal.

Idanpramine is an antimuscarinic that has been used as the hydrochloride and sulfate salts in the relief of visceral spasms.

Dihexyverine (Metaspas, Spasmodex) is an anticholinergic and direct smooth muscle relaxant (spasmolytic). Dihexyverine is sold in France under the brand name Spasmodex. It is indicated for the treatment of the gastrointestinal tract disorders. Dihexyverine is a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist.

Poldine is an antimuscarinic drug, containing quaternary nitrogen. It is a selective inhibitor of gastric secretion. Administration of poldine leads to a 50% reduction of the volume and acid output of gastric juice without troublesome side-effects. Poldine was used for the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcer under tradename "Nacton".