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Restrict the search for
kanamycin
to a specific field?
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Targets:
Conditions:
Bekanamycin is an aminoglycoside and is a congener of kanamycin. It is given topically as the sulfate for the treatment of eye infections. It is reported
to be more toxic than kanamycin A. Antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces kanamyceticus Okami & Umezawa from Japanese soil. There are no known interactions with other drugs.
Status:
Investigational
Source:
INN:vixicovtogene oboplasmid [INN]
Source URL:
Class:
NUCLEIC ACID
Status:
Investigational
Source:
INN:doruxapapogene ralaplasmid [INN]
Source URL:
Class:
NUCLEIC ACID
Status:
Investigational
Source:
INN:lalikinogene sifuplasmid [INN]
Source URL:
Class:
NUCLEIC ACID
Status:
Investigational
Source:
INN:linvekinogene treniplasmid [INN]
Source URL:
Class:
NUCLEIC ACID
Status:
Investigational
Class:
NUCLEIC ACID
Status:
US Approved Rx
(1993)
Source:
ANDA064045
(1993)
Source URL:
First approved in 1976
Source:
AMIKIN by APOTHECON
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Targets:
Amikacin, USP (as the sulfate) is a semi-synthetic aminoglycoside antibiotic derived from kanamycin. Amikacin "irreversibly" binds to specific 30S-subunit proteins and 16S rRNA. Amikacin inhibits protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit to prevent the formation of an initiation complex with messenger RNA. Specifically Amikacin binds to four nucleotides of 16S rRNA and a single amino acid of protein S12. This interferes with decoding site in the vicinity of nucleotide 1400 in 16S rRNA of 30S subunit. This region interacts with the wobble base in the anticodon of tRNA. This leads to interference with the initiation complex, misreading of mRNA so incorrect amino acids are inserted into the polypeptide leading to nonfunctional or toxic peptides and the breakup of polysomes into nonfunctional monosomes. Amikacin is used for short-term treatment of serious infections due to susceptible strains of Gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas species, Escherichia coli, species of indole-positive and indole-negative Proteus, Providencia species, Klebsiella-Enterobacter-Serratia species, and Acinetobacter (Mima-Herellea) species. Amikacin may also be used to treat Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections. Amikacin was used for the treatment of gram-negative pneumonia.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(1965)
Source:
NDA013026
(1965)
Source URL:
First approved in 1965
Source:
NDA013026
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Ethionamide is a second-line agent, structurally similar to isoniazid, used as a second-line therapy for the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis or active tuberculosis in case of patient intolerance to other drugs. Depending on its the concentration at the infected site and the susceptibility of the infecting organism it may be bacteriostatic or bactericidal. When used alone rapidly develops bacterial resistance. Ethionamide was approved by FDA in 1965 as TRECATOR manufactured by Wyeth Pharmaceuticals Inc. (purchased by Pfizer in 2009). Ethionamide is specific for Mycobacteria and is thought to exert a toxic effect on mycolic acid components of the bacterial cell wall when activated through intermediate S-oxidation by EtaA. Mycolic acid synthesis was shown to be inhibited by ethionamide in the EthA protein-overexpressing mycobacteria,
Status:
US Approved OTC
Source:
21 CFR 331.11(c)(3) antacid:bismuth-containing bismuth subcarbonate
Source URL:
First marketed in 1892
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Bibrocathol (trade names Noviform and Posiformin) is a well-established topical antiseptic for the treatment of acute eyelid diseases like blepharitis. Eye ointments containing 2 or 5 % bibrocathol and the excipients liquid paraffin, white soft paraffin, and lanolin have been marketed since 1967 for the treatment of eye irritation, chronic blepharitis, and uninfected corneal injuries. Reports of clinical experience with bibrocathol for inflammation of the edge of the palpebra exist since the beginning of the 20th century. Until recently, no controlled, randomized clinical studies according to the guidelines for Good Clinical Practice for Trials on Medical Products for Human Use (GCP) as defined by the International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH) have been performed with bibrocathol 2 % ointment, as these were not required for marketing authorization in the 1960s. A first double-blind, prospective, controlled, GCP-compliant clinical study was recently performed to assess the efficacy of bibrocathol 5 % (Noviform®) in acute blepharitis. It demonstrated superior efficacy of bibrocathol 5 % ointment as compared to an ointment vehicle (placebo) after 2 weeks of treatment as assessed by a combined measure of slit-lamp examination results and patients’ subjective complaints.
Status:
US Previously Marketed
Source:
QUINTESS-N ATTAPULGITE by LILLY
(1962)
Source URL:
First approved in 1962
Source:
QUINTESS-N ATTAPULGITE by LILLY
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Attapulgite (magnesium aluminum phyllosilicate) is a clay mineral found in soils common to the Southeastern United States. It is widely used in medicine as an over-the-counter drug for the treatment of diarrhea. Attapulgite acts by physically binding to aacids and toxic substances in the stomach and digestive tract.
