Azamethiphos, an organothiophosphate insecticide, initially was used in 1991 for the treatment against sea lice. However, because of reduced sensitivity in 1999, the use of this compound was terminated. Azamethiphos was re-introduced in 2008; it’s the main component of Salmosan, a pesticide presently used for treatment against sea lice. Salmosan is applied as a bath treatment and then released into the surrounding seawater

Nifluridide, an experimental insecticide, is used for the control of sucking and biting insects such as Phthiraptera. Nifluridide was systemically active against Triatoma infestans on mice and Rhodnius prolixus on cattle.

Panadiplon (previously known as U-78875) was investigated as a compound with a high affinity for the benzodiazepine receptors. It was studied as a unique anxiolytic agent with a minimum of central nervous system depression for the treatment of anxiety disorders. However, panadiplon was dropped from clinical development due to unexpected hepatic toxicity in human volunteers. It was shown that the drug-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in the liver, and suggested that this dysfunction could be attributed to the carboxylic acid metabolite.

Carbendazim is a broad-spectrum benzimidazole antifungal with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities widely used as a fungicide in agriculture and home gardening, and as an antihelminthic in veterinary medicine. As a fungicide, carbendazim used for controls Ascomycetes, Fungi Imperfecti, and Basidiomycetes on a wide variety of crops, including bananas, cereals, cotton, fruits, grapes, mushrooms, ornamentals, peanuts, sugarbeet, soybeans, tobacco, and vegetables. Carbendazim is a chemically stable and relatively persistent fungicide which only metabolizes to a limited extent in plants and in soil. The only detected metabolite is 2-aminobenzimidazole, which constitutes less than 5% of the total residues in leaves. Carbendazim may be anticipated to metabolize in the animal into hydroxylated analogues which may appear in meat and milk products. Carbendazim acts as a mitotic poison by altering tubulin binding and microtubule formation. This has been proposed as a possible mechanism of action for the developmental abnormalities seen in animal studies with high concentrations.

Dizocilpine (MK-801) is an antagonist of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor in the glutamate category involved with the central nervous system (CNS). The drug displays a variety of physiological actions, many of which involve the CNS, such as anesthetic and anticonvulsant properties. It penetrates readily into CNS and was described as the agent with central sympathomimetic properties. Co-administration of dizocilpine with psychostimulants, such as cocaine, amphetamine and nicotine, has been reported to prevent the development of behavioural sensitization to these drugs as well as associated neuroadaptations in rodents. However, studies with bromocriptine have suggested that co-administration of dizocilpine might merely cause sensitization to become state-dependent. A single injection of MK-801 to rats models both positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Treatment of mice with dizocilpine induced learning impairment.

Carzenide is an antispasmodic that has been used in the treatment of dysmenorrhoea. Currently Carzenide is an organic synthesis intermediate, used for synthetic drug.

Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is a crystalline organophosphate insecticide. It was introduced in 1965 by Dow Chemical Company and is known by many trade names (see table), including Dursban and Lorsban. It acts on the nervous system of insects by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase. Chlorpyrifos is an organophosphate, with potential for both acute toxicity at larger amounts and neurological effects in fetuses and children even at very small amounts. For acute effects, the EPA classifies chlorpyrifos as Class II: moderately toxic. CPF is a strongly genotoxic agent that induces DNA damage and cell apoptosis.

Endothal (also known as Endothall), a herbicide for terrestrial and aquatic plants, is a potent, selective protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) inhibitor. It also inhibits protein phosphatase 1 (PP1). Endothall is considered safe in drinking water, but in case of consumption for a long period, it can cause stomach or intestinal problems.

Androsterone, a neurosteroid, acts as a positive allosteric modulator of GABA(A) receptors, that can cross into the brain and could have effects on brain function. It was discovered, that the association of beta subunits with alpha subunits GABA(A) receptor affects the sensitivity of glycine receptors to androsterone. In spite of that, androsteron is considered as an inactive metabolite of testosterone. In addition, was studied that androsterone possessed anticonvulsant properties. Although of low potency, the androsterone was present in high abundance and was able to represent endogenous modulator of seizure susceptibility.