Lavendustin C or HDBA (2-hyroxyl-5-(2,5-dihydroxybenzylamino) benzoic acid) is the active pharmacophore of lavendustin A, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor isolated from a butyl acetate extract of Streptomyces griseolavendus.

Piceatannol (3,3′,4,5′-tetrahydroxy-trans-stilbene; PIC) is a naturally occurring stilbene present in diverse plant sources. Piceatannol is a hydroxylated analog of resveratrol and produced from resveratrol by microsomal cytochrome P450 1A11/2 and 1B1 activities. Like resveratrol, Piceatannol has a broad spectrum of health beneficial effects, many of which are attributable to its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities. Piceatannol exerts anticarcinogenic effects by targeting specific proteins involved in regulating cancer cell proliferation, survival/death, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, etc. in the tumor microenvironment. Piceatannol also has other health promoting and disease preventing functions, such as anti-obese, antidiabetic, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, anti-allergic, anti-aging properties. A comprehensive review of PIC concludes that the compound has the health promoting and disease preventive potential. However, low water-solubility and bioavailability of PIC limit its pharmaceutical application and also use in functional foods. In this context, it is noticeable that beta-cyclodextrin was found to improve the bioavailability, the solubility and the stability of Piceatannol.

Tyrphostin A23 belongs to a novel class of low molecular weight proteins that inhibit protein tyrosine kinase and block the EGF-dependent autophosphorylation of the receptor. It has been considered as potential anti-cancer drug. It inhibits pancreatic cancer cell growth in vitro. Inhibition of EGF receptor by tyrphostin A23 was associated with a significantly increased proportion of apoptotic cells in human prostate cancer DU145 cell culture.

AG1478 (also known as Tyrphostin AG 1478 ) is a selective EGFR inhibitor, which induced cell cycle arrest in G1 phase, is developed as potential drug for nasopharyngeal carcinoma treatment. In addition was shown, that AG1478 effectively blocked the leiomyoma cell growth and is unaffected by the presence of physiological concentrations of progesterone and estradiol. The growth-arresting properties of AG1478, unaffected by ovarian steroidal hormones, identify it as a potential lead agent for the non-surgical management of uterine leiomyomas. Also was investigated the action of the combination AG1478 in combination with HGF tyrosine kinase inhibitors on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, and was suggested, that these combinations of drugs could be potentially used for treatment of NSCLC.

Lavendustin A is a selective inhibitor of epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor-associated tyrosine kinase; it does not inhibit protein kinase A or C. It was shown, that lavendustin A inhibited histamine release from human mast cell line.

Butein, a plant polyphenol, has been reported to exhibit several important pharmacological effects, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant and anti-angiogenic. It was first found in Toxicodendronvernicifluum, a tree widely used as a local food additive and therapeutic supplement in South East Asia. It can also be isolated from the heartwood of Dalbergiaodorifera, the seed of Cyclopiasubternata and the stems of Semecarpusanacardium, as well as many other plants. Butein was shown to be a specific protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor. This compound inhibited tyrosine-specific protein kinase activities of EGF receptor and p60(c-Src). In preclinical settings, it was shown to improve the treatment outcome of several chronic diseases including inflammation, neurological disorders, neoplasms, atherosclerosis, as well as infectious diseases, and most of these actions were accomplished by the inhibition of the transcription factor NF-κB and its downstream targets.

PD-153035 is a potent and selective ATP-competitive inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase EGFR. PD 153035 shows a potent and selective inhibitory effect on tyrosine phosphorylation induced by EGF in Swiss 3T3 fibroblast and A-431 human epidermoid carcinoma cells. PD153035 shows dose-dependent growth inhibitory effects in cultures of EGF receptor-overexpressing human cancer cell lines (A431, Difi, DU145, MDA-MB-468, and ME180) and in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cell lines (NPC-TW01, NPC-TW04, and HONE1). Pretreatment of EGFR inhibitors by 24 hours significantly enhances the cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin, paclitaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil in NPCTW04 cells. PD153035 abolishes COX-2 expression induced by the PAR(2)-activating peptide 2-furoyl-LIGRLO-NH(2) (2fLI) in Caco-2 colon cancer cells. In A431 human epidermoid tumors grown as xenografts in immunodeficient nude mice, PD153035 at 80 mg/kg i.p. inhibit EGF receptor tyrosine kinase activity. PD153035 improves glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and signaling and reduces subclinical inflammation in HFD-fed mice.

Infigratinib (BGJ398), a potent, orally bioavailable, small-molecule pan-FGFR kinase inhibitor. FGFR genetic alterations are the most significant predictors for BGJ398 sensitivity. It is currently in phase 2 trials for Cholangiocarcinoma, Glioblastoma and Solid tumors. Detected adverse events were hyperphosphatemia, fatigue, constipation, cough and nausea. Other adverse events were generally mild and included stomatitis, hair loss, decreased appetite, and fatigue.