Prezatide is a tripeptide molecule consisiting of lysine, glycine and histidine, also known as GHK (glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine), that forms a complex with copper ions. Prezatide is used in cosmetic products (skin and hair) and is known help wound healing. Prezatide increases the synthesis and deposition of type I collagen and glycosaminoglycan. It is thought to play a role in the modulation of tissue remodeling by increases the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2, as well as tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 and -2. Prezatide has antioxidant activity due to its ability to supply copper for superoxide dismutase and anti-inflammatory ability due to the blockage the of iron (Fe2+) release during injury.

Melengestrol is a steroidal progestin and antineoplastic agent which was never marketed. An acylated derivative, melengestrol acetate, is used as a growth promoter in animals. Melengestrol acetate (MGA) is one of six steroidal hormone growth promoters approved for use in Canada and USA. These products are used to improve growth rate and feed efficiency, as well as to suppress estrus in beef heifers (CFIA 2008). They are not approved for use in any species other than beef cattle meant for slaughter. MGA is the only drug of its kind that is administered in animal feed, and its labelled dose in Canada is 0.4mg per heifer per day (CFIA 2008). A mandatory withdrawal of 2 days before slaughter is applied to any animal that is administered MGA.

Benzyl acetate is used as a fragrance ingredient and occurs in different plants and fruits, e.g., jasmine, apple, tea, plum, wine grape. It possesses a sweet and pleasant aroma, owing to which, it finds applications in personal hygiene and health care products.

Deslorelin is an GnRH agonist used in veterinary. It effects contraception by temporarily suppressing the reproductive endocrine system and preventing production of pituitary (FSH and LH) and gonadal hormones (estradiol and progesterone in females and testosterone in males). The observed effects are similar to those following ovariectomy or castration, but are reversed after the hormone content of the implant is depleted or the implant is removed. As an agonist, deslorelin first stimulates the reproductive system, which can result in estrus and ovulation in females or temporary enhancement of testosterone and semen production in males. Then, down-regulation follows the initial period of stimulation. Although deslorelin can also be an effective contraceptive in males of some species, manufacturer recommends its use primarily in females, since monitoring efficacy in females by suppression of estrous behavior or of gonadal steroids in feces is more straightforward than ensuring continued absence of sperm in males, since most institutions cannot perform regular semen collections. It can, however, be used to ameliorate aggression in males of some species, but higher dosages are usually needed. While the major application of deslorelin was initially male contraception, due to its two differing actions, either the stimulation of oestrus or the sterilization of fertility, its use has been increasing in the bitch as well. SUPRELORIN® F (deslorelin acetate) Implant is a once-yearly, subcutaneous implant that assists in the management of adrenal disease in ferrets.

Barium is a soft, silvery metal that rapidly tarnishes in air and reacts with water. Barium is not an extensively used element. Most is used in drilling fluids for oil and gas wells. It is also used in paint and in glassmaking. All barium compounds are toxic; however, barium sulfate is insoluble and so can be safely swallowed. A suspension of barium sulfate is sometimes given to patients suffering from digestive disorders. This is a ‘barium meal’ or ‘barium enema’. Barium is a heavy element and scatters X-rays, so as it passes through the body the stomach and intestines can be distinguished on an X-ray. Barium carbonate has been used in the past as a rat poison. Barium nitrate gives fireworks a green colour. Barium has no known biological role, although barium sulfate has been found in one particular type of algae. Barium is toxic, as are its water- or acid-soluble compounds. This drug is used as a contrast agent in diagnostic x-ray procedures. Therapeutic advantages of barium sulfate in diagnostic procedures include both its low water solubility and high level of clearance from the body. Barium sulfate is ingested by mouth or administered rectally and combined with granules of effervescent bicarbonate to enhance distension of the GI tract, allowing for enhanced gastrointestinal tract visualization. Barium (E-Z-CAT DRY) is a radiographic contrast agent indicated for use in computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen to delineate the gastrointestinal (GI) tract in adult and pediatric patients. Under physiological conditions, barium sulfate passes through the GI tract in an unchanged form and is absorbed only in pharmacologically insignificant amounts. Common adverse reactions include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal cramping.