Details
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Molecular Formula | Ba |
Molecular Weight | 137.327 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
[Ba]
InChI
InChIKey=MUBOSUMMMUSVEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/Ba.2H
Barium is a soft, silvery metal that rapidly tarnishes in air and reacts with water. Barium is not an extensively used element. Most is used in drilling fluids for oil and gas wells. It is also used in paint and in glassmaking. All barium compounds are toxic; however, barium sulfate is insoluble and so can be safely swallowed. A suspension of barium sulfate is sometimes given to patients suffering from digestive disorders. This is a ‘barium meal’ or ‘barium enema’. Barium is a heavy element and scatters X-rays, so as it passes through the body the stomach and intestines can be distinguished on an X-ray. Barium carbonate has been used in the past as a rat poison. Barium nitrate gives fireworks a green colour. Barium has no known biological role, although barium sulfate has been found in one particular type of algae. Barium is toxic, as are its water- or acid-soluble compounds. This drug is used as a contrast agent in diagnostic x-ray procedures. Therapeutic advantages of barium sulfate in diagnostic procedures include both its low water solubility and high level of clearance from the body. Barium sulfate is ingested by mouth or administered rectally and combined with granules of effervescent bicarbonate to enhance distension of the GI tract, allowing for enhanced gastrointestinal tract visualization. Barium (E-Z-CAT DRY) is a radiographic contrast agent indicated for use in computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen to delineate the gastrointestinal (GI) tract in adult and pediatric patients. Under physiological conditions, barium sulfate passes through the GI tract in an unchanged form and is absorbed only in pharmacologically insignificant amounts. Common adverse reactions include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal cramping.
Approval Year
PubMed
Title | Date | PubMed |
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The status of voltage-dependent calcium channels in alpha 1E knock-out mice. | 2000 Dec 1 |
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Inactivation properties of human recombinant class E calcium channels. | 2000 Feb |
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alpha(1E) subunits form the pore of three cerebellar R-type calcium channels with different pharmacological and permeation properties. | 2000 Jan 1 |
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KCNA10: a novel ion channel functionally related to both voltage-gated potassium and CNG cation channels. | 2000 Jun |
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TASK-3, a new member of the tandem pore K(+) channel family. | 2000 Mar 31 |
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Cloning and expression of the human transient receptor potential 4 (TRP4) gene: localization and functional expression of human TRP4 and TRP3. | 2000 Nov 1 |
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Expression of P2X(7) purinoceptors on human lymphocytes and monocytes: evidence for nonfunctional P2X(7) receptors. | 2000 Oct |
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Comparison of cloned Kir2 channels with native inward rectifier K+ channels from guinea-pig cardiomyocytes. | 2001 Apr 1 |
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The transient receptor potential protein homologue TRP6 is the essential component of vascular alpha(1)-adrenoceptor-activated Ca(2+)-permeable cation channel. | 2001 Feb 16 |
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Evidence supporting a role for KCl cotransporter in the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop. | 2001 Nov |
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Activation of Na+/K+-ATPase by the serum and glucocorticoid-dependent kinase isoforms. | 2002 |
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The functional properties of the human ether-à-go-go-like (HELK2) K+ channel. | 2002 Aug |
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Inhibition of transiently expressed low- and high-voltage-activated calcium channels by trivalent metal cations. | 2002 Jun 1 |
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Diacylglycerol activates the influx of extracellular cations in T-lymphocytes independently of intracellular calcium-store depletion and possibly involving endogenous TRP6 gene products. | 2002 May 15 |
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Appearance of voltage-gated calcium channels following overexpression of ATPase II cDNA in neuronal HN2 cells. | 2003 Oct 7 |
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An inwardly rectifying potassium channel in apical membrane of Calu-3 cells. | 2004 Nov 5 |
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Involvement of Kv1.1 and Nav1.5 in proliferation of gastric epithelial cells. | 2006 May |
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Adaptive downregulation of a quinidine-sensitive cation conductance in renal principal cells of TWIK-1 knockout mice. | 2006 Oct |
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Functional ion channels in mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. | 2007 Nov |
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Involvement of voltage-gated K+ and Na+ channels in gastric epithelial cell migration. | 2008 Jan |
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Tamoxifen inhibits TRPV6 activity via estrogen receptor-independent pathways in TRPV6-expressing MCF-7 breast cancer cells. | 2009 Dec |
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An examination of the association of selected toxic metals with total and central obesity indices: NHANES 99-02. | 2010 Sep |
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Heavy metal cations permeate the TRPV6 epithelial cation channel. | 2011 Jan |
Sample Use Guides
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
Recommended reconstituted oral dose for adults and pediatric patients older than 12 years of age is between 450 mL to 900 mL (9 g to 18 g of barium sulfate, respectively) (2.1) •Pediatric patents younger than 12 years of age adjust reconstituted oral dose based on relative GI volume (2.1) •Must reconstitute supplied powder with water prior to use
Route of Administration:
Oral
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LOINC |
76653-5
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DSLD |
233 (Number of products:27)
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NCI_THESAURUS |
C1940
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1311067
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C61475
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5355457
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24GP945V5T
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7440-39-3
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SUB12987MIG
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15010-01-2
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24GP945V5T
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100000077143
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Barium
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4481
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32595
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37136
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DTXSID30161173
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DB12481
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32594
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231-149-1
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13981-97-0
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D001464
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m2230
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PRIMARY | Merck Index |
ACTIVE MOIETY