Metamfepramone (dimethylcathinone, dimethylpropion, and dimepropion) was synthesized by various routes in the 1930s and 1940s and clinically evaluated as anorectic as well as a treatment of hypotension and symptoms of the common cold. It was widely used for the treatment of the common cold or hypotonic conditions. Due to its stimulating properties and its rapid metabolism resulting in major degradation products such as methylpseudoephedrine and methcathinone, it has been considered relevant for doping controls by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). Metamfepramone was marketed as an appetite suppressant, but was made illegal in 2006.

Daporinad is an inhibitor of nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NMPRTase), an enzyme that participates in the biosynthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) from niacinamide (vitamin B3). Inhibition of NMPRTase may deplete energy reserves in metabolically active tumor cells and induce tumor cell apoptosis. In addition, this agent may inhibit tumor cell production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), resulting in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. Daporinad was investigated as a treatment of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, melanoma, and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Clinical trials have shown that drug has low efficacy when used alone.

KETOTREXATE is an antifolate developed to overcome methotrexate (MTX) resistance. However, it demonstrated such potential only in MTX-resistant sensitive L1210/FR8 leukemia cells and its clinical development was discontinued. Unlike MTX, KETOTREXATE exhibited minimal inhibition of purified dihydrofolate reductase, which implies that it does not act as a classical antifolate.

Cocaethylene is the ethyl ester of benzoylecgonine. Cocaethylene is formed in the liver after concurrent use of cocaine and alcohol. Cocaethylene works by blocking the dopamine transporter on dopaminergic presynaptic nerve terminals in the brain. It increases dopamine synaptic content, provoking enhanced postsynaptic receptor stimulation, resulting in euphoria, reinforcement, and self-administration. Compared to cocaine, which is a methyl ether of benzoylecgonine, cocaethylene has three to five times larger half-life in plasma. Cocaethylene is associated with seizures, liver damage and compromised the functioning of the immune system. It carries an 18-25 fold increase in risk for immediate death compared to cocaine alone.

Diflumidone is a non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug. It inhibits the biosynthesis of prostaglandin by bovine seminal vesicle microsomes and arachidonic acid-induced aggregation of human platelets in a concentration-dependent manner. Diflumidone is a competitive inhibitor of prostaglandin synthetase. Diflumidone also inhibits equally the formation of PGE2 and PGF2a, which suggests blockade of endoperoxide formation. The relative topical efficacy of indomethacin and diflumidone for the suppression of ultraviolet-light-induced erythema has been compared in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in man. At 24 h after application, the indomethacin-treated sites had significantly less erythema than did the diflumidone-treated sites.

Osanetant (SR-142801) is a NK3 receptor antagonist, it has a higher affinity for human and guinea pig NK3 receptors than for rat NK3 receptors. Osanetant was under development for the treatment of schizophrenia and other Central Nervous System (CNS) disorders. It was developed by Sanofi-Aventis (formerly Sanofi-Synthelabo). Sanofi was originally investigating its potential use as a treatment for psychosis and anxiety. Following phase IIa clinical trials, osanetant entered phase IIb development in February 2001. In a review of its R&D portfolio, the company announced in August 2005 that it would cease any further development of osanetant. This follows an earlier decision to discontinue development of eplivanserin for schizophrenia.

Tulopafant [RP 59227] is a platelet-activating factor (PAF) antagonist which was being developed by Rhône-Poulenc Rorer as an antiasthmatic agent. Double-blind, placebo-controlled clinicacl trial showed that RP 59227 attenuated the release of NCA and ECA after antigen challenge, and reduced the effect of exogenously added PAF in inducing eosinophil chemotaxis but did not protect against the antigen-induced early or late phase response in asthmatics. RP 59227 has also been shown to effectively reduce myocardial infarct size and the incidence of ischemia and reperfusion-induced arrhythmias in barbital-anesthetized dogs. Development of Tulopafant for asthma treatment has been discontinued.

CBP-501 is a chemically modified duodecapeptide and an analog of M-phase inducer phosphatase 3 (CDC25C) that increase cisplatin influx into tumor cells through an interaction with calmodulin enhancing cisplatin cytotoxicity, and affects cell cycle progression by abrogating DNA repair at the G2 checkpoint. CBP501 selectively inhibits the kinases MAPKAP-K2, C-TAK1, and CHK1 in vitro. Cell lines exposed to CBP501 plus bleomycin show a dose-dependent reduction of phosphorylated Ser216 on CDC25C. In addition to these effects on the G2 checkpoint, CBP501 also increases platinum concentration and DNA-platinum adduct formation in tumor cells through binding with calmodulin. In an in vitro panel testing the sensitivity of several tumor-derived cell lines to CBP501 in combination with a variety of anti-cancer agents, the combination of CBP501 with cisplatin was particularly effective against all four mesothelioma cell lines tested. Unfortunately, CBP-501 does not improve the efficacy of standard chemotherapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma.

Triflumidate is a fluoroalkanesulfonanilide. It had been identified for clinical trials. This non-steroidal compound is an anti-inflammatory agent.