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Restrict the search for
isosorbide mononitrate
to a specific field?
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
First approved in 2004
Source:
21 CFR 352
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Creatine is an amino acid that occurs in vertebrate tissues and in urine. It is synthesized mainly in the liver from three different amino acids: arginine, glycine, and methionine. In skeletal muscles, which store 95% of it, creatine generally occurs as phosphocreatine. The rest is stored in the brain, heart, and testes. Creatine functions as part of the cell's energy shuttle. It is excreted as creatinine in the urine.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Conditions:
Eberconazole is an antifungal drug with broad antimicrobial spectrum of activity. The drug was developed and approved in Spain (Ebernet 1% cream) for the treatment of tinea. Eberconazole exerts fungicidal or fungistatic activity depending on concentration, being fungicidal at higher concentration and fungistatic at lower concentrations. Eberconazole prevents fungal growth by inhibiting ergosterol synthesis, an essential component of the fungal cytoplasmic membrane leading to structural and functional changes. It prevents the fungal ergosterol synthesis by inhibiting lanosterol 14alpha-demethylase enzyme that is responsible for the formation of 14 alpha-methylsterols (precursor of ergosterols).
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Targets:
Cycloguanil is a dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor and is a metabolite of the antimalarial drug proguanil. The parent drug proguanil was suggested to contribute to the antimalarial activity as well, but the mechanism of action is unknown. Proguanil is a prodrug that is metabolized to its main active metabolite, cycloguanil, mostly via CYP2C19. There is significant variation in proguanil pharmacokinetics.12 CYP2C19 is the predominant enzyme catalyzing the bioactivation of proguanil to cycloguanil. Cycloguanil is one of the few antimalarial drugs that act on both the erythrocytic and on the pre-erythrocytic (hepatic) forms of the malaria parasites. Although cycloguanil is not currently in general use as an antimalarial, the continuing development of resistance to current antimalarial drugs has led to renewed interest in studying the use of cycloguanil in combination with other drugs.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Targets:
Conditions:
Enilconazole is a synthetic broad-spectrum antimycotic with a high activity against most of the common dermatophytes and various other fungi and yeasts. It is a selective inhibitor of ergosterol biosynthesis, an essential component of the cell membrane of fungi and yeasts. This results in irreversible changes which are the origin of the fungicidal effect. Enilconazole is marketed under the brand name Imaverol among others. Imaverol concentrated solution is a synthetic antimycotic with a potent antifungal action against dermatophytes such as: Trichophyton verrucosum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton equinum, and Microsporum canis in horses and dogs.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
THALLOUS OXIDE (Thallium (1) Oxide) has been used in the manufacturing of glass of a high coefficient of refraction for optical purposes (thallium flint glass) and for artificial gems. Thallium oxide is black in color and is the inorganic compound of Thallium and Oxygen. THALLOUS OXIDE compounds are typically insoluble in aqueous solutions (water) and extremely stable making them useful in ceramic structures as simple as producing clay bowls to advanced electronics (e.g. tablets) and in light weight structural components in aerospace and electrochemical applications such as fuel cells. THALLOUS OXIDE is toxic by ingestion. It has previously been used as rat poison and ant killer, but its use is prohibited since 1972.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Rolitetracycline nitrate is an antibiotic formed by N-aminomethylation of the carboxamide group of tetracycline. Rolitetracycline passively diffuses through porin channels in the bacterial membrane and reversibly binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit, preventing binding of tRNA to the mRNA-ribosome complex, and thus interfering with protein synthesis. It is formulated for intravenous or intramuscular injections and is used in cases requiring high concentrations or when oral administration is impractical. In combinations with chloramphenicol and colistin, it is used as the eye drops for the treatment of external eye infections such as catarrhal conjunctivitis, purulent, trachoma, blepharitis, blepharoconjunctivitis, bacterial keratitis, septic corneal ulcers.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Conditions:
Isoconazole is structurally related to miconazole and econazole and was synthesized by Janssen Pharmaceutica. The compound has been marketed in several countries, but not in the United States. It has broad-spectrum activity in vitro against dermatophytes, pathogenic yeasts, pathogenic filamentous fungi, gram-positive bacteria, and trichomonads . The mode of action appears to include rapid reduction in ATP concentrations caused by damage to the fungal cell membrane. Isoconazole interacted with the cell wall and caused convolutions and wrinkles. Isoconazole also inhibited the enzyme-catalyzed release of spheroplasts from young yeast cells. A recent study has demonstrated that application of the free base of isoconazole in combination with a volatile/nonvolatile vehicle, e.g., ethanol/propylene glycol, can increase drug bioavailability in the skin. This observation may lead to newer formulations of isoconazole and broaden its use for topical (e.g., spray) treatment of yeast and dermatophytic infections. Dermatophytic Isoconazole has been developed and marketed primarily as a once-a-day, topical anti-Candida agent for the treatment of vaginal candidiasis. Studies evaluating isoconazole have demonstrated that 80 to 90% of patients with vaginal candidiasis who were treated once a day with the drug remained clinically and mycologically cured. Following insertion of two 300-mg tablets, concentrations of isoconazole in the vagina remained above minimum inhibitory and minimum fungicidal levels for at least 72 h. Isoconazole has been developed and marketed primarily as a once-a-day, topical anti-Candida agent for the treatment of vaginal candidiasis. In clinical studies, very little of the drug entered the blood after a single vaginal application of a 600-mg dose; the same dose did not adversely affect intestinal flora by inducing a proliferation of yeast like species following prolonged administration. Studies evaluating demonstrated that 80 90% of patients.
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Omoconazole is an azole antifungal drug, is used to treat candidiasis; dermatophytes and Pityriasis Versicolor
Status:
Possibly Marketed Outside US
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Targets:
Conditions:
Fenticonazole is an imidazole derivative with a broad spectrum of antimycotic activity. It is used as a nitrate salt under different trade names (Lomexin, Gynoxin, Fentizol, etc) for the treatment of vaginal candidiasis. Fenticonazole inhibits the synthesis of ergosterol, an important step in the formation of the wall of fungi and blocks the oxidizing enzymes with the corresponding accumulation of peroxides and necrosis of the fungal cell. In vitro studies have shown a broad fungistatic and fungicidal activity. Like other azole agents, the spectrum of action of Fenticonazole also extends to some gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus. In vivo studies have also shown activity against Trichomonas Vaginalis.
Status:
Other
Class:
CONCEPT
