Oridonin is a diterpenoid purified from Rabdosia rubescens. In traditional Chinese medicine oridonin powder (Donglingcao herb extract) is used as an over-the-counter medicine because of its anti-tumor, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and other effects. Oridonin was shown to inhibit many tumor cell lines in vitro and its mechanism of action is mainly explained by inhibition of NF-kB signaling, Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway and upregulation of p53/p21 signaling and ROS production.

Zinc Nicotinate is a mineral powder that is essential for the immune system, enzymes, hormones, the reproductive system, and the skeletal system. It is a functional food nutritional ingredient.

Tetrahydropyranyloxy Phenol (Deoxyarbutin) is a skin lightening agent synthesized through removal of hydroxyl groups from the glucose side-chain of beta-arbutin. Deoxyarbutin demonstrated effective inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase in vitro with a Ki that is 10-fold lower that hydroquinone (HQ) and 350-fold lower than arbutin. Topical application of Deoxyarbutin on human xenografts resulted in a gradual and visually apparent skin lightening effect during an eight-week period. In a clinical trial, Deoxyarbutin facilitated fading of pre-tanned skin to a statistically significant greater extent than either HQ or no treatment. However, the overall conclusion of the Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety is that the use of deoxyarbutin up to 3% in face creams is not safe. Deoxyarbutin could combat melanoma in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting the proliferation and metastasis of tumour via a p38-mediated mitochondria associated apoptotic pathway.

EQUOL is a chiral compound and can exist in three forms, racemic (±)equol (R/S-equol), R-equol and S-equol. Racemic equol refers to exact equal portions of S-equol and R-equol. EQUOL, (±)- can induce apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells through the intrinsic pathway and the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway. Racemic equol (10, 30 uM) prevented DNA damage in MCF-10A cells following exposure to 2-hydroxy-4-nonenal or menadione. This finding suggest that racemic equol has strong antigenotoxic activity in contrast to the purified S-equol enantiomer implicating the R-, rather than the S-enantiomer as being responsible for the antioxidant effects of racemic equol, a finding that may have implications for the in vivo chemoprotective properties of EQUOL, (±)-.

BIS-COUMARAMIDOBUTANE was isolated and purified from corn bran. It exhibited the strongest hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. The inhibitory effects of BIS-COUMARAMIDOBUTANE on melanogenesis is due to the inhibition of the intracellular tyrosinase activity. This indicate that BIS-COUMARAMIDOBUTANE from corn bran may be potential natural skin whitening agents. BIS-COUMARAMIDOBUTANE is registrated in International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary in Korea.

Maritimein is an aurone, a type of natural phenol. It is a yellow color pigment. Maritimein presents in the flowers of Coreopsis maritima, Coreopsis tinctoria, Baeria chrysostoma, Zinnia linearis. It has antioxidant activity.

Pinoresinol is a common component of the lignan fraction found in olive oil, in Styrax sp. and in Forsythia suspense and in other plants. Many experimental studies have been focused on the strong antioxidant activity of pinoresinol. Enzymatic hydrolysis of maltose is inhibited by (+)-pinoresinol through competitive and noncompetitive manners. Pinoresinol caused an upregulation of the CDK inhibitor p21(WAF1/Cip1) both at mRNA and protein levels so suggesting that this could be a mechanism by which pinoresinol reduced proliferation and induced differentiation on HL60 leukemia cells. Pinoresinol may have a therapeutic potential to prevent breast cancer development via the reduction of intracellular oxidative stress and DNA damage in human mammary epithelial cells. In vivo, pinoresinol ameliorates CCl4-induced acute liver injury, and this protection is likely due to anti-oxidative activity and down-regulation of inflammatory mediators through inhibition of NF-kappaB and AP-1.

Syringic acid (SYRA) is a potential antioxidant used in traditional Chinese medicine and is an emerging nutraceutical. Current reports claim its potential anti-angiogenic, anti-glycating, anti-hyperglycaemic, neuroprotective, and memory-enhancing properties in various animal models. Syringic acid (SA) possesses anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory and anti-steatotic effects via the regulation of lipid metabolic and inflammatory genes. SA is likely to be a new natural therapeutic agent for obesity or non-alcoholic liver disease. Syringic acid reduces oxidative stress and axonal degeneration in rat sciatic nerve after ischemia/reperfusion injury. Syringic acid may play a role in the treatment of peripheral nerve injuries due to ischemia/reperfusion.

Dihydroferulic acid, also known as 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)propionic acid or dihydroconiferylate, is classified as a member of the phenylpropanoic acids. Phenylpropanoic acids are compounds with a structure containing a benzene ring conjugated to a propanoic acid. Dihydroferulic acid is an inhibitor of in vitro platelet activation. It also revealed high antioxidant activity.

Pheophorbide A is a product of chlorophyll breakdown in plants. It is an active component of the Chinese medicinal herb Scutellaria barbata. Others report on extraction of the drug from sources as varied as spinach leaves and silkworm excreta, and on its confounding appearance in the digestive tracts of animals fed chlorophyll-containing food. Pheophorbide A acts as a photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy. Photoactivated pheophorbide A induces lipid peroxidation, arrests cell growth by activating apoptosis and/or necrosis. In vitro and animal studies have suggested some efficacy for pheophorbide A-mediated photodynamic therapy of cancers.