Sivelestat is a neutrophil elastase inhibitor approved in Japan and the Republic of Korea for acute lung injury, including acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Sivelestat is marketed as Elaspol in Japan. Sivelestat competitively inhibited human neutrophil elastase (IC50 = 0.044 uM, Ki = 0.2 uM). It also inhibited leukocyte elastase obtained from rabbit, rat, hamster and mouse.

Suplatast is a novel immunomodulator that can adjust the imbalance in the Th1/Th2 immune response and shows clear clinical efficacy against bronchial asthma (BA). Suplatast tosilate helps to suppress the production of IgE, to block the production of cytokines and to suppress allergy-related eosinophils. Clinical studies on the efficacy of Suplatast were carried out in Japan. Suplatast showed adequate efficacy for the treatment of BA, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis. Suplatast is now available for the management of BA as a controller of the Th2-dependent allergic inflammation. Suplatast tosilate is not approved in the United States, but is available in Japan as Tosilart® and IPD Capsules®. IPD-1151T (suplatast tosilate) was originated by Taiho and is being developed for the treatment of interstitial cystitis and chronic non-bacterial prostatitis as additional indications. IPD-1151T treatment for 1 year resulted in a significantly increased bladder capacity and decreased symptoms, such as urinary urgency, frequency and lower abdominal pain, in patients with nonulcerative interstitial cystitis.

Cinchonidine is an alkaloid found in Cinchona officinalis and Gongronema latifolium. Cinchonidine is an antimalarial drug which has been used clinically in malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum. Cinchonidine is reported as an ingredient of Quinimax in a number of countries. Quinimax is a combination of four alkaloids (quinine, quinidine, cinchoine and cinchonidine).

SULFACLOZINE is a competitive antagonist of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), a precursor of folic acid, in protozoa and bacteria. It is indicated for treatment of coccidiosis in poultry due to infection with Eimeria species, fowl typhoid due to infection with Salmonella gallinarum and fowl cholera due to infection with Pasteurella multocida. Adverse reactions are liver damage, allergic reactions. In poultry undesirable effects, as inappetence, diarrhoea, growth depression, or haemorrhages after administration of sulfaclozine are rare. Prolong use may cause crystal urea.

TZC-5665 (Oberadilol) is a pyridazinone derivative with vasodilatory and beta-adrenergic blocking activities and type III phosphodiesterase inhibitory action

Antihistamine agent

Balofloxacin (Q-35), is an orally active fluoroquinolone antibiotic. It has been developed for the treatment of urinary tract infection. The bactericidal action of Balofloxacin results from interference with the enqyme DNA gyrase which is needed for the synthesis of bacterial DNA. Balofloxacin is efficacious against Gram-negative bacteria. It also has enhanced activity against Gram positive bacteria, including MRSA and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Side effects of Balofloxacin are: sensitivity to light, abdominal pain, nausea, heartburn, urticarial, irritation when applied locally. Balofloxacin may interact with the following medicines and salts: antacids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, quinolones, theophylline.

Acotiamide (Acofide(®)), an oral first-in-class prokinetic drug, is under global development by Zeria Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd and Astellas Pharma Inc. for the treatment of patients with functional dyspepsia. The drug modulates upper gastrointestinal motility to alleviate abdominal symptoms resulting from hypomotility and delayed gastric emptying. It exerts its activity in the stomach via muscarinic receptor inhibition, resulting in enhanced acetylcholine release and inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity. Acofide® is launched in Japan for treating functional dyspepsia.

Cinchonidine is an alkaloid found in Cinchona officinalis and Gongronema latifolium. Cinchonidine is an antimalarial drug which has been used clinically in malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum. Cinchonidine is reported as an ingredient of Quinimax in a number of countries. Quinimax is a combination of four alkaloids (quinine, quinidine, cinchoine and cinchonidine).

Cinchonidine is an alkaloid found in Cinchona officinalis and Gongronema latifolium. Cinchonidine is an antimalarial drug which has been used clinically in malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum. Cinchonidine is reported as an ingredient of Quinimax in a number of countries. Quinimax is a combination of four alkaloids (quinine, quinidine, cinchoine and cinchonidine).