P276-00 (also known as riviciclib) is a novel, potent, small-molecule, flavone-derived inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdk), Cdk 4 D1, Cdk1 B, and Cdk9 T, with potent cytotoxic effects against chemosensitive and chemoresistant cancer cell lines. P276-00 was in phase II clinical trial for the treatment mantle cell lymphoma, but that study was terminated based on interim results and all subjects were off study at that time. Although, there were not the major safety or tolerability concerns. However, this drug successfully passed phase II clinical trial for the treatment Melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck, malignant melanoma and in combination with Gemcitabine in the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer.

Dihydromyricetin is a flavonoid component from the Ampelopsis species japonica, megalophylla, and grossedentata; Cercidiphyllum japonicum; Hovenia dulcis; Rhododendron cinnabarinum; some Pinus species; and some Cedrus species, as well as Salix sachalinensis. Dihydromyricetin exerts a more rapid antidepressant-like effect than does a typical antidepressant, in association with enhancement of BDNF expression and inhibition of neuroinflammation. Dihydromyricetin inhibited the proliferative potential of fibroblasts in the lung cancer cells through targeting the activation of Erk1/2 and Akt. Therefore, there is scope for dihydromyricetin to be evaluated further for the treatment of lung cancer. Dihydromyricetin supplementation improves glucose and lipid metabolism as well as various biochemical parameters in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and the therapeutic effects of dihydromyricetin are likely attributable to improved insulin resistance and decreases in the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, cytokeratin-18, and fibroblast growth factor 21.

AZD-2461 is an oral inhibitor of PARP-1, which was developed by AstraZeneca as a potential anti-cancer medicine. The drug was tested in phase I clinical patients against solid tumosr, but its development was discontinued.

DC-0623 is an orally active, selective and ATP-uncompetitive MEK inhibitor with potential antineoplastic activity. GDC-0623 specifically inhibits mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK or MAP/ERK kinase), resulting in inhibition of growth factor-mediated cell signaling and tumor cell proliferation. In a panel of mutant cancer cell lines, GDC-0623 inhibits cellular proliferation with EC50 values in the low nanomolar range. In vivo, GDC-0623 (40 mg/kg, p.o.) causes potent tumor growth inhibition (TGI) in mouse MiaPaCa-2 (120%), A375 (102%) and HCT116 (115%) xenografts. GDC-0623 had been in phase I clinical trials by Genentech, Inc. for the treatment of Advanced or Metastatic Solid Tumors. However, the clinical development of GDC-0623 was discontinued.

PF-3758309 was developed as an ATP-competitive inhibitor of PAK4. In cells, PF-3758309 inhibits phosphorylation of the PAK4 substrate GEF-H1 (IC50 = 1.3 nM) and anchorage-independent growth of a panel of tumor cell lines (IC50 = 4.7 nM). PF-3758309 blocks the growth of multiple human tumor xenografts, with a plasma EC50 value of 0.4 nM in the most sensitive model. PF-3758309 is antiproliferative and induces apoptosis in an HCT116 tumor model.

PF-4191834 is a noniron chelating, non-redox inhibitor of the 5-lipoxygenase enzyme (5-LOX) that is being developed as an oral anti-inflammatory therapy for the treatment of asthma. Enzyme assay results demonstrate that PF-4191834 has an improved potency compared with its predecessor CJ-13610 and of zileuton. It was able to reduce pain and inflammation in an adjuvant-induced arthritis model in rats. PF-4191834 offers the potential to test the hypothesis that chronic inhibition of the 5-LOX enzyme will provide maximal efficacy for this target in inflammatory diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pain, and perhaps lupus. PF-4191834 had been in phase II clinical trial for the treatment of pain. Development was terminated in March 2011.

Gemcitabine elaidate is an ester of anticancer drug gemcitabine and elaidic fatty acid. The motivation to make an ester was to facilitate gemcitabine uptake and prolong retention in the cell. The drug is converted to parent compound gemcitabine both inside and outside the cell. Gemcitabine elaidate was developed by Clavis Pharma for treatment of solid tumors, including non-small cell lung cancer and pancreatic cancer, but its development was discontinued after product missed the primary endpoint in the Phase II LEAP trial to treat metastatic pancreatic cancer.