Dibucaine is used as a local anesthetic for surface anesthesia. It is one of the most potent and toxic of the long-acting local anesthetics and its parenteral use is restricted to spinal anesthesia. Dibucaine is used to temporarily relieve pain and itching due to: hemorrhoids or other anorectal disorders, sunburn, minor burns, minor cuts; scrapes, insect bites, minor skin irritation. This drug acts via blocking of nerve impulses by decreasing the neuronal membrane's permeability to sodium ions through sodium channel blocking. This reversibly stabilizes the membrane and inhibits depolarization, resulting in the failure of a propagated action potential and subsequent conduction blockade.

Dibucaine is used as a local anesthetic for surface anesthesia. It is one of the most potent and toxic of the long-acting local anesthetics and its parenteral use is restricted to spinal anesthesia. Dibucaine is used to temporarily relieve pain and itching due to: hemorrhoids or other anorectal disorders, sunburn, minor burns, minor cuts; scrapes, insect bites, minor skin irritation. This drug acts via blocking of nerve impulses by decreasing the neuronal membrane's permeability to sodium ions through sodium channel blocking. This reversibly stabilizes the membrane and inhibits depolarization, resulting in the failure of a propagated action potential and subsequent conduction blockade.

Benzocaine is a local anesthetic. It acts by blocking voltage-gated sodium ion channels in nerve endings. Benzocaine is available over-the counter for local anesthesia of oral and pharyngeal mucous membranes (sore throat, cold sores, mouth ulcers, toothache, sore gums, denture irritation), otic pain, and as a local anesthetic for surgical or diagnostic procedures. As a spray, benzocaine is used for temporary relief of pain and itching associated with minor burns, sunburn, minor cuts or scrapes, insect bites, or minor skin irritations. Topical application of benzocaine to gums or mouth may cause rare, but serious and potentially fatal adverse effect methemoglobinemia.

Clofilium is a quaternary ammonium compound that acts as potassium channel blocker. Clofilium is a class III agent. Clofilium increases atrial and ventricular effective refractory period without changing conduction time and, despite no apparent change in premature ventricular complex frequency, it can abolish the ability to induce ventricular tachycardia by programmed stimulation and is also well tolerated.

Evenamide (NW-3509) is a blocker of voltage-gated sodium channels. Evenamide modulates sustained repetitive firing, without inducing impairment of normal neuronal excitability. It normalizes glutamate release induced by aberrant sodium channel activity. The potential benefits of the compound have been demonstrated in numerous preclinical models predictive of efficacy in psychiatric diseases, including models of psychosis such as amphetamine-induced hyperactivity, sensorimotor gating and information processing deficits (pre-pulse inhibition impairment induced by different stimuli), mania and depression. Evenamide is being evaluated in a Phase II trial as add-on treatment to 5HT2/D2 blocking antipsychotics in schizophrenic patients.

Iganidipin is a new dihydropiridynic derivative of calcium antagonist. It is the only currently available calcium antagonist in the form of ophthalmic solution. Its topical administration increases ipsilateral optic nerve head blood flow in rabbits and monkeys and inhibits the contraction of blood vessels induced by endothelin -1. Iganidipin is also used for treat Angina pectoris and Hypertension.

Iganidipin is a new dihydropiridynic derivative of calcium antagonist. It is the only currently available calcium antagonist in the form of ophthalmic solution. Its topical administration increases ipsilateral optic nerve head blood flow in rabbits and monkeys and inhibits the contraction of blood vessels induced by endothelin -1. Iganidipin is also used for treat Angina pectoris and Hypertension.

Vanoxerine, also known as GBR-12909, is a piperazine derivative exhibiting potent selective inhibition of sodium-dependent dopamine reuptake transporters. Vanoxerine has been in clinical trials for Parkinsonism, depression and cocaine addiction but lacked efficacy. Vanoxerine has also been observed as a potent blocker of the following channels: cardiac hERG/IKr potassium channel, Calcium channel, voltage-dependent, L type, alpha 1C subunit (also known as Cav1.2) and voltage-gated sodium channel Nav 1.5. Vanoxerine was studied as a potential treatment for atrial fibrillation. However, phase III clinical trials for this condition were terminated because of cardiac safety concerns. Research also indicates that vanoxerine may have additional mechanisms of action including antagonist action at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs).

Raxatrigine also known as GSK1014802 and CNV-1014802, is a novel analgesic under development by Convergence Pharmaceuticals for the treatment of lumbosacral radiculopathy (sciatica) and trigeminal neuralgia (TGN). It is a novel state dependent small molecule sodium channel blocker that preferentially inhibits the Nav 1.7 ion channel, a therapeutic target implicated by genetics in human pain conditions. Raxatrigine is thought to penetrate the central nervous system and block Nav channels in a novel manner. CNV1014802 was granted orphan drug designation in 2013 by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia.