4-tert-Butylcatechol is usually added as a stabilizer and an inhibitor of polymerization to butadiene, styrene and other reactive monomer streams. It is 25 times higher than hydroquinone at 60 deg C for polymerization inhibitory effect. It is used as a polymerization inhibitor in processing Styrene, Butadiene, and Vinyl Acetate monomers, Polyester resins. Also used as a stabilizer in the manufacture of polyurethane foam. Because of the sterically hindered group, tert-butylphenolic compounds have an antioxidizing action and also act as UV stabilisers. It also can be used as antioxidants for synthetic rubber, polymers and oil derivatives, it can be used as purification agent for aminoformate catalysts. TBC is available in a form of a solid crystal and 85% solution in methanol or water. 4-tert-Butylcatechol inhibits the activity of tyrosinase at concentrations higher than 1×10(−3)M.

Isosafrole, a stiripentol analog, is a potent LDH inhibitor. Stiripentol is a new-generation antiepileptic drug, and its chemical structure is unrelated to other antiepileptic drugs. Seizures and epileptiform activity are reduced by inhibition of the metabolic pathway via lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), which is a component of the astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle. Isosafrole is a substructure of stiripentol that lacks the hydroxyl group and tertiary-butyl group of stiripentol. Isosafrole strongly inhibited the pyruvate-to-lactate conversion by both LDH1 and LDH5, suggesting that it inhibits lactate production itself. Isosafrole suppresses seizures in vivo. Going by the lactate reduction by ketogenic diets, LDH inhibitors for the pyruvate-to-lactate conversion, such as isosafrole, would be more effective for antiepileptic actions. Isosafrole is a known inducer of some of the liver enzymes of the cytochrome P-450 group in rodents, especially CYP1A2.

The alkaloids febrifugine was originally isolated from the roots of the Chinese shrub Dichroa febrifuga. Febrifugine showed an antimalarial activity 50-100 times higher than that of quinine. Febrifugine acts by causing an increase in NO production during the immunological response - increased production of NO by febrifugine plays an important role in host defense against malaria infection in mice. Also, febrifugine are known to inhibit prolyl-tRNA synthetase of malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum.

Saikosaponin D is a triterpene saponin found in Bupleurum that exhibits antioxidative, immunomodulatory, anti-fibrotic, anti-angiogenic, anticancer, and chemopreventive activities. Saikosaponin D increases activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase and decreases activity of malondialdehyde in cellular models of oxidative damage. In other in vitro models, saikosaponin D increases secretion of IL-12, maturation of dendritic cells, and proliferation of lymphocytes. Saikosaponin D inhibits SERCA, increasing intracellular Ca2+ and inducing autophagy. In vivo, this compound decreases severity of fibrosis. In embryos, saikosaponin D decreases microvessel formation. Additionally, this compound decreases tumor formation in DEN-treated animal models and suppresses expression of CEBP-β and COX-2. Saikosaponin D also induces apoptosis and activation of caspases 3 and 7 in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Saikosaponin D is a Glucocorticoid receptor agonist. It is a COX-2 and iNOS inhibitor.

Manumycin is a natural product isolated from Streptomyces parvulus. It has been reported to have anti-carcinogenic and anti-biotic properties. It acts as a potent and selective farnesyltransferase inhibitor. Manumycin inhibited PI3K-AKT activation and led to ROS accumulation and caspase-9 activation in the colorectal cancer cells. Manumycin induces apoptosis in malignant pleural mesothelioma through regulation of Sp1 and activation of the mitochondria-related apoptotic pathway. It is a potential to treat human oral squamous cell carcinoma via cell apoptosis through the downregulation of Sp1.

Apigetrin, a flavonoid glycoside, is present in a variety of medicinal plants with anti-inflammatory and ant-oxidant properties. It is isolated from various herbal medicines, including Matricaria chamomilla, Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, Teucrium gnaphalodes and Stachys tibetica Vatke. Apigetrin may induce cancer cell differentiation – it could be one of the possible explanations of its antitumor effects. Inhibition of bright light-induced retinal oxidative stress and retinal inflammatory responses was associated with the retinal protection conferred by Apigetrin.