Torcetrapib is a CETP inhibitor which was developed by Pfizer for the treatment of diseases associated with elevated level of cholesterol. The drug was tested in phase III (in combination with atorvastatin) of clinical trials in coronary heart disease patients as well as in patients with hyperlipoproteinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, hyperlipidemia, however its development was terminated due to the high risk of death and heart problems.

GW842166 is a pyrimidine cannabinoid 2 (CB2) receptor agonist that was being developed by GlaxoSmithKline for the treatment of inflammatory pain. It has potent analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-hyperalgesic actions in animal models, but without cannabis-like behavioural effects due to its extremely low affinity for the CB1 receptor. GW842166 shows similar potency and efficacy for rat and human recombinant CB2 receptors with EC50 of 91 nM and 63nM, respectively. GW842166 is in Phase 2 trial.

Amuvatinib (formerly known as MP470) is an oral multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor, which play critical roles in transducing growth signals to cancer cells. It suppresses c-MET, c-RET and the mutant forms of cKIT, PDGFR and FLT3. It also disrupts DNA repair likely through suppression of homologous recombination protein Rad51, an important survival pathway in many human cancers. In vitro and in vivo data have demonstrated amuvatinib synergy with DNA damaging agents including etoposide and doxorubicin. Overall, in the amuvatinib clinical development program, over 200 subjects were exposed to at least one dose of amuvatinib. In the Phase 1b clinical study in combination with carboplatin and etoposide, responses in small cell lung cancer (SCLC), neuroendocrine as well as other tumor types were observed. Human pharmacokinetic data suggest that co-administration of amuvatinib did not alter exposures of standard of care agents including carboplatin, etoposide, doxorubicin, paclitaxel, topotecan or erlotinib as measured by overall exposure. In the first-in-human study, durable clinical benefit was observed in the gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) with modulation of Rad51 observed in skin punch biopsies. In clinical trials, amuvatinib has demonstrated a wide therapeutic window and shows minimal toxicity in the expected therapeutic dose range, despite suppressing several signaling pathways within cells. However, in spite of this, this drug was discontinued, because it was not pre-specified primary endpoints in the clinical proof of concept (cPOC) stage. But the combination of MP470 and Erlotinib, which target the HER family/PI3K/Akt pathway may represent a novel therapeutic strategy for prostate cancer.

Entinostat (MS-275) is an orally active, highly selective, small-molecule histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) derived from benzamide. Entinostat preferentially inhibited HDAC1 versus HDAC3 and had no inhibitory activity toward HDAC8. The time to maximum plasma concentration (tmax) of entinostat ranged from 0.5 to 60h (median of 2h). Elimination of the drug was bi-exponential, with a terminal half-life of 30-80h. Entinostat is a well-tolerated that demonstrates promising therapeutic potential in both solid and hematologic malignancies. Its efficacy does not appear directly dose-related, and as such, more relevant biomarkers are needed to adequately assess its activity.

Loxiglumide is a potent, orally active, and selective CCK-A receptor antagonist which stimulates calorie intake and hunger feelings in humans. Loxiglumide inhibits pancreatic secretion of digestive enzymes, and also blocks CCK-induced gastric secretions and emptying. Intravenous administration of loxiglumide antagonized the CCK-induced reduction of gastric emptying in rats, acceleration of intestinal transport in mice, increase in ileal motility in rabbits, gallbladder contraction in guinea pigs and acceleration of gallbladder emptying in mice.

Sufugolix (TAK-013 or 5-(N-benzyl-N-methylaminomethyl)-1-(2,6-difluorobenzyl)-6-[4-(3-methoxyureido)phenyl]-3-phenylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione) is a highly potent and orally active non-peptide antagonist of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) receptor. Sufugolix by oral administration suppresses a pituitary-ovarian axis continuously and reversibly in cynomolgus monkeys. Takeda studied Sufugolix in the trials for the treatment of endometriosis and uterine leiomyoma however development was discontinued.

Prinaberel is a selective agonist of estrogen receptor beta. Although initially developed for the treatment of endometriosis, the drug was also shown to be effective in vitro in other inflammatory diseases. Phase II clinical studied revealed its effectiveness in case of Crohn's disease and endometriosis, but the drug failed to demonstrate antiinflammatory efficacy in RA patients.

DOV 216,303 [(+/-)-1-(3, 4-dichlorophenyl)-3-azabicyclo-[3.1.0] hexane hydrochloride] is the prototype of a class of compounds referred to as "triple" reuptake inhibitors. DOV 216,303 were licensed from Wyeth in 1998. This compound inhibits the reuptake of norepinephrine (NE), serotonin (5-HT), and dopamine (DA), the three neurotransmitters most closely linked to major depressive disorder. In August 2004, DOV entered into a development and commercialization partnership for the triple reuptake inhibitors (DOV 21,947 and DOV 216,303) with Merck for depression.

Pfizer developed AG-013958, also known as AG-13958 for treatment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). As a VEGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor, AG13958 was targeted to FLT/TYK receptor inhibition.

Senicapoc (ICA-17043) is a blocker of Gardos channel, a calcium-activated potassium channel, in the red blood cell. Preclinical studies and studies in transgenic models of Sickle cell disease (SCD) show that inhibition of potassium efflux through the Gardos channel is associated with an increased haemoglobin level, decreased dense cells and decreased hemolysis. Senicapoc is well tolerated when administered to SCD patients and produces dose-dependent increases in hemoglobin and decreases in markers of hemolysis. Senicapoc exerts anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory activities. Senicapoc has previously been in Phase III and Phase II clinical trials for the treatment of SCD and asthma, respectively.