Sorbitan tristearate (E492) is used as an emulsifier and stabiliser. It is produced by the esterification of sorbitol with commercial stearic acid derived from food fats and oils.It is a mixture of the partial esters of sorbitol and its mono- and dianhydride with edible stearic acid. It is permitted as a food additive in bakery products, toppings and coatings, fat emulsions, milk and cream analogues, beverage whiteners, edible ices, desserts, sugar confectionery including chocolate, emulsified sauces, dietary food supplements, chewing gum and dietetic foods.

Sodium chlorite (NaClO2), a sodium salt of chlorite ion, is used as a disinfectant in water treatment and as a component in therapeutic rinses and gels. NaClO2 is an active ingredient of veterinary solution AZTEC GOLD, which is used to reduce the spread of organisms, which may cause mastitis in cows. NaClO2 can increase production of reactive oxygen species, which cause the oxidative stress in human erythrocytes, and as a result, the res cell senescence.

SODIUM ANISATE is derived from fennel, this is the sodium salt of p-anisic acid. It is classified as antimicrobial and flavouring. It acts as an anti-fungal agent, and when paired with sodium levulinate the two ingredients make for a comprehensive preservative for cosmetics. This ingredient is approved for use in organic cosmetics. Sodium anisate (dermosoft® anisate) is an easy to use water soluble salt of an organic acid with an excellent fungicidal activity. It can be added to the cold or hot water phase at any step of the process. The combination with antimicrobial surface active substances or organic acids is recommended to improve the performance of the product even at higher pH.

Aceglutamide (INN, JAN) (brand name Neuramina), or aceglutamide aluminum (JAN, USAN) (brand name Glumal), also known as acetylglutamine, is a psychostimulant, nootropic, and antiulcer agent that is marketed in Spain and Japan. Aceglutamide functions as a prodrug to glutamine with improved potency and stability. Aceglutamide is used as a psychostimulant and nootropic, while aceglutamide aluminum is used in the treatment of ulcers. Aceglutamide can also be used as a liquid-stable source of glutamine to prevent damage from protein energy malnutrition.

Molybdenum (Mo) is an essential trace element and is a component of vitamin and mineral supplements. Molybdenum has essential biological roles in organisms and microorganisms. Molybdenum is the only trace metal of the second row of the periodic table that exhibits biological activity when it is ligated to a cofactor. It acts as a critical cofactor in several molybdenum-dependent enzymes that are involved in important cellular reactions and pathways, including xanthine oxidoreductase. In nature two principal concepts of Mo cofactors have evolved, one is the iron Mo cofactor in bacterial nitrogenase and the other is represented by a large family of enzymes with more than 100 representatives relying on the pterin-based Mo cofactor (Moco). Moco-containing enzymes catalyze key redox reactions in the global carbon, sulfur and nitrogen cycles. Four molybdenum-dependent enzymes are known in humans, each harboring a pterin-based molybdenum cofactor (Moco) in the active site. In these enzymes, molybdenum catalyzes oxygen transfer reactions from or to substrates using water as oxygen donor or acceptor. Molybdenum shuttles between two oxidation states, Mo(IV) and Mo(VI). Following substrate reduction or oxidation, electrons are subsequently shuttled by either inter- or intra-molecular electron transfer chains involving prosthetic groups such as heme or iron-sulfur clusters. In all organisms studied so far, Moco is synthesized by a highly conserved multi-step biosynthetic pathway. A deficiency in the biosynthesis of Moco results in a pleitropic loss of all four human Mo-enzyme activities and in most cases in early childhood death. For the general population, the diet is the most important source of molybdenum and concentrations in water and air usually are negligible. The average daily dietary intake is about 0.1-0.5 mg m.o. Molybdenum is marketed both as a tablet and as a liquid supplement containing the mineral in dissolved form. Despite widespread claims, there is no evidence that one form of molybdenum is absorbed to a markedly superior extent than any other. Current marketing of molybdenum products for the treatment of medical conditions is not founded on any meaningful scientific evidence. People with serious kidney disease should avoid taking molybdenum (or any other supplement) except on the advice of a physician. People with serious kidney disease should also avoid taking molybdenum (or any other supplement) except on the advice of a physician.

Propylene glycol diacetate (PGDA) is a colorless low-viscosity solvent with a slight ether-like odor. The Dow Chemical Company (Dow) manufactures and sells PGDA and other propylene oxide-based glycol ethers under the trade name DOWANOL Glycol Ethers. Propylene glycol diacetate may be used as an emulsifier, solubilizer or solvent in pharmaceuticals.