Fenoctimine is a nonanticholinergic inhibitor of gastric acid secretion in dogs and rats. Fenoctimine was more potent than cimetidine in the reduction of basal acid secretion in the gastric fistula rat and inhibited the production of gastric acid stimulated by histamine, gastrin tetrapeptide or bethanechol in the chronic gastric fistula dog. This compound is not an H2-antagonist but does inhibit the H+/K+-ATPase of hog gastric mucosa. The in vitro metabolism of fenoctimine by rat liver homogenates resulted in the oxidation of the aliphatic chain at the seven carbon, initially to an alcohol and then to a ketone. The unexpectedly weak effect of fenoctimine as a gastric antisecretory agent in humans, as well as anticholinergic effects, may be due to its extensive metabolism, which is different from that seen in dog and rat. The development of fenoctimine has been discontinued for unspecified reason.

Cyamemazine (Tercian), also known as cyamepromazine, is a typical antipsychotic drug of the phenothiazine class used primarily in the treatment of schizophrenia and psychosis-associated anxiety. Cyamemazine actually behaves like an atypical antipsychotic, due to its potent anxiolytic effects and lack of extrapyramidal side effects. Cyamemazine is used for the treatment of chronic psychotic states, anxiety, major depression.

Zacopride is a potent antagonist at the 5-HT3 receptor and an agonist at the 5-HT4 receptor with antiemetic, anxiolytic and nootropic effects in animal models. Zacopride also has pro-respiratory effects, both reducing sleep apnea and reversing opioid-induced respiratory depression in animal studies. Zacopride has been tested in clinical trials for the treatment of schizophrenia but was found unsuccessful.

NS-3 (montirelin, CG 3703) is an analog of thyrotrophin releasing hormone (TRH). More potent and longer acting than TRH, CG-3703 produced beneficial effects in animal models of concussion-induced unconsciousness, cerebral ischemia, memory disruption, spontaneous convulsions in rats, narcolepsy, and spinal trauma. Given its efficacy in these models, the potential indications were broadened to include seizures, nerve trauma, cognitive dysfunction, and sleep apnea.

Tosufloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent. Tosufloxacin is an inhibitor of bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. Tosufloxacin is indicated for the treatment of various infections such as skin, respiratory, urinary, gynecologic, ophthalmologic, otolaryngologic, dental infections. Fluoroquinolones including tosufloxacin have a potential risk of inducing cartilage and joint toxicity in children. It is also associated with severe thrombocytopenia and nephritis, and hepatotoxicity.

Methylephedrine is one of the ephedra alkaloids that is found in varying amounts in different species of the plant genus Ephedra. Methylephedrine is a popular antitussive, bronchodilator, analgesic, antipyretic, and widely used mixed with other drugs in preparations for treatment of the common cold. N-Methylephedrine, its salts, optical isomers, and salts of optical isomers are in FDA list of Exempt chemical mixtures.

Milacainide (Ro 22-9194) is structurally related to lidocaine and has a pyridine ring in the side chain. Ro 22-9194 is a new Class I antiarrhythmic agent with a TXA, synthase inhibitory activity. In anesthetized, open-chest dogs Ro 22-9194 transiently decreased arterial blood pressure and affected AV conduction more selectively, with a prolongation of the HV interval, than sinoatrial nodal pacemaker activity. In isolated, blood-perfused atria of dogs, Ro 22-9 194 decreased myocardial contractility more than sinoatrial nodal pacemaker activity. Studies in guinea pig papillary muscles and single ventricular myocytes showed that Ro 22-9194 inhibits sodium channels in a use- and voltage-dependent manner, and belongs to the group comprising intermediate kinetic drugs and activated channel blockers. Epinephrine-, digitalis-, two-stage coronary ligation-, and 3-hr coronary ligation-reperfusion-induced ventricular arrhythmias, or aconitine-induced atrial arrhythmias, in dogs were potently suppressed by Ro 22-9194 administered orally or intravenously. In myocardial ischemia and reperfusion-induced arrhythmias of dogs, Ro 22-9194 had an antifibrillatory effect and prevented an increase in venous levels of TXB, released from the ischemic myocardium.

Orazamide, which is composed of one molecule of 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide (AICA), one molecule of orotic acid and two molecules of water, is used clinically for the treatment of hepatitis and cirrhosis The nucleoside of AICA (AICAR) is internalized and becomes phosphorylated by adenosine kinase to form AICAR mono-phosphate (AICA ribotide, ZMP), an intermediate in the late steps of de novo purine biosynthesis. In hepatocytes, AICA can inhibit the fatty acid synthesis, sterol synthesis, and gluconeogenesis.

Ozagrel is a thromboxane A2 synthesis inhibitor used for the treatment of cerebral vasospasm and asthma due to its antiplatelet and anti-inflammation properties.

Dihydromorphine is a semi-synthetic opioid derived from morphine. dihydromorphine is a moderately strong analgesic and is used clinically in the treatment of pain and is also the active metabolite of dihydrocodeine. Dihydromorphine acts as an agonist at the μ-opioid (mu), δ-opioid (delta) and κ-opioid (kappa) receptors. Dihydromorphone is approved for clinical use in the United States, Europe, and Japan; and sold under the brand name Dilaudid. Similar to morphine, and other morphine derivatives, hydromorphone has a high potential for addiction and abuse and is listed as a Schedule II drug in the United States Controlled Substances Act of 1970 (and similarly regulated in other countries).