Derquantel is a so-called spiroindole, is obtained from fermentation extracts of Penicillium simplicissimum, a particular species of soil fungi. This drug is used in veterinary under brand name Startect, in combination with abamectin against several gastrointestinal roundworms that affect sheep. At the recommended therapeutic dose derquantel is highly effective against Haemonchus spp, Cooperia spp, and Trichostrongylus spp, including those resistant to most classic anthelmintics (benzimidazoles, levamisole, macrocyclic lactones). However it has a lower and variable efficacy against Ostertagia spp (= Teladorsagia), and is basically ineffective against Oesophagostomum spp and Trichuris spp, other important gastrointestinal worms of sheep. It is also ineffective against lungworms and other roundworms that infect sheep outside the gastrointestinal system. Derquantel is a nicotinic cholinergic antagonist: it blocks cholinergic neuromuscular transmission. The effect on the worms is that they are paralyzed and die or are expelled.

Dimebon (latrepirdine) is an orally available, small molecule, gamma carboline derivative that was developed and used in Russia as an over-the-counter oral antihistamine for allergy treatment since 1980s. In 1990s it was shown that Dimebon has promising potential in treating neurodegenerative diseases. In 2003, Medivation Inc acquired the rights to Dimebon. Medivation went public in December 2004, with Dimebon as the only drug in its pipeline. The product was being developed by Medivation and Pfizer as a treatment for early-stage Alzheimer's disease and Huntington's disease. However, development was discontinued by Medivation and Pfizer in early 2012. Dimebon inhibits alpha-Adrenergic receptors (alpha1A, alpha1B, alpha1D, and alpha2A), Histamine H1 and H2 receptors and Serotonin 5-HT2c, 5-HT5A, 5-HT6 receptors with high affinity. Dimebon may act by blocking NMDA receptors or voltage-gated Ca2+ channels and by preventing mitochondrial permeability pore transition.

Ketobemidone (Cliradon, Ketogan, Ketodur, Cymidon) is a strong opioid analgesic, structurally related to pethidine, which has been in clinical use for more than 50 years. In the Scandinavian countries ketobemidone is only available in combination with a spasmolytic substance N,N-dimethyl-3,3-diphenyl-I-methylallylamine (A29). Ketobemidone has been shown to be a non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist. In spite of a relatively low mu-receptor affinity ketobemidone has a higher analgesic potency than morphine by systemic administration. It is probably due to its higher lipophilicity and consequently more easy penetration into the CNS. Ketobemidone is indicated for the treatment of all types of severe pain, such as postoperative, cancer, kidney stones and fractures.

Dibekacin is a semisynthetic aminoglycoside antibiotic useful in the treatment of severe gram-negative bacterial infections. The drug is marketed in Japan.

Riodipine is the blocker of calcium channels of L-type. Riodipine is indicated for the treatment of arterial hypertension, prevention of attacks of angina pectoris. Antiepileptic effect of riodipine was manifested by a decreased frequency and amplitude of interictal discharges and a less frequent appearance of ictal discharges. Riodipine increased latency to first convulsive episodes and delayed the development of generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Detected side effects are: arterial hypotension, tachycardia, hypostasis of shins, increase of a daily urine. Allergic reactions to the drug are possible. Nitrates, tricyclic antidepressants, and other anti-hypertensive drugs are able to potentiate of riodipine effects.

Rociverine is the antispasmodic agent with balanced neurotropic and myotropic activity. The muscle-relaxant activity of rociverine is achieved by inhibiting the availability of Ca2+ at contraction site and not through an antiphosphodiesterasic mechanism, which might explain the absence of muscle-relaxant effects on the smooth musculature of the blood vessels. Rociverine did not differ statistically from the reference antispasmodic drug hyoscine butylbromide in premedication for endoscopy of the upper gastro-intestinal tract. No adverse effects were noted. Intrapartum administration of rociverine to nulliparous women may help to reduce the duration of the first stage of labor in a context of uniform labor management. Orally administered rociverine produced a dose-related reversal of the reserpine-induced detrusor hyperreflexia in anaesthetized rats. In experimental models rociverine was more effective than flavoxate. These results point to the usefulness of rociverine in the treatment of urinary bladder motility disorders.

Norfenefrine or meta-octopamine, also known as 3,β-dihydroxyphenethylamine, is an adrenergic agent used as a sympathomimetic drug which is marketed in Europe, Japan, and Mexico. Along with its structural isomer p-octopamine and the tyramines, norfenefrine is a naturally occurring, endogenous trace amine and plays a role as a minor neurotransmitter in the brain. Norfenefrine controls blood pressure in acute hypotensive states eg pheochromocytomectomy, sympathectomy, poliomyelitis, spinal anesth, MI, septicemia, blood transfusion and drug reactions. Adjunct in treatment of cardiac arrest and hypotension.

Eperisone is an antispasmodic drug approved in Japan for the treatment of of diseases characterized by muscle stiffness and pain. It is believed that eperisone exerts its effect through inhibition of sodium channels. The drug is still being marketed in Asia under the name Myonal (Square Pharmaceuticals).

Magnesium glycerophosphate is a magnesium salt that is available as a tablet, capsule, liquid solution or liquid suspension for oral use. Magnesium glycerophosphate is a bioavailable well tolerated source of magnesium. The organic glycerophosphoric anion, by itself, offers very significant nutritional advantages (a source of phosphorus, permeation enhancer). Adverse effects are: diarrhea, abdominal pain.

Tedisamil is an antiarrhythmic with additional anti-ischaemic properties, which acts via potassium channel blockade. This drug can be categorised as a class III antiarrhythmic agent due to its effects of action potential and QT interval prolongation in these patients. Although tedisamil has been shown to be an effective anti-ischaemic agent, with Phase III trials for angina pectoris now completed, the company are now pursuing the use of tedisamil for the treatment of atrial fibrillation, for which tedisamil is still in Phase II/III clinical trials. The FDA’s Cardiovascular and Renal Drugs Advisory Committee voted not to recommend approval for Solvay Pharmaceuticals’ investigational anti-arrhythmic drug Pulzium (Tedisamil) and asked the company to give the FDA more information.