TOLPROPAMINE is an alkylamine H1-antihistamine used as an antipruritic and topical antihistaminic.

This medicine promotes secretion of the bile and pancreatic juice, and accelerates flaccidity of the smooth muscle in the gastrointestinal tract (sphincter of hepatopancreatic ampulla etc.) to lower internal pressure of the gallbladder and bile duct. It improves the symptoms of the bile duct and pancreatic disease. It is usually used for improvement of cramp and bile secretion associated with cholelithiasis, cholecystitis, cholangitis, dyskinesia of the biliary tract or postcholecystectomy syndrome, or pain and gastrointestinal symptoms associated with chronic pancreatitis. Side effects are nausea, constipation, abdominal bloating, diarrhea, rash, itch, etc.

Zinc oleate is a zinc salt of oleic acid. It is a light tan color powder containing about 8.5-10.5% zinc. Zinc oleate may appear as bloom on the surface of oil or alkyd paints when it is formed by the reaction of oleic acid with zinc white pigment. Zinc oleate is also used as a drier in paints, resins and varnishes. GRAS.

Zabicipril is an ethyl ester prodrug that is converted in vivo to zabiciprilat. Zabicipril induced an early, potent, and long-lasting converting enzyme inhibition. Furthermore, zabicipril did not affect plasma catecholamines and atrial natriuretic factor. It is antihypertensive and peripheral vasodilator. In normal men, zabicipril increases the renal fraction of cardiac output in the absence of a concomitant change in systemic haemodynamics. This specific effect of zabicipril on the kidney may be less important with advancing age.

Clopirac is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. It is a weak inhibitor of prostaglandin synthetase and has standard anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity. It effectivity inhibits prostaglandin synthesis in vitro. The metabolites of clopirac in humans and monkeys include the glucuronide of clopirac and the pyrrole carboxylic acid. Efficacy of clopirac in rheumatoid arthritis, trauma conditions, osteoarthritis and pain was evaluated in many clinical trials.

Acotiamide (Acofide(®)), an oral first-in-class prokinetic drug, is under global development by Zeria Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd and Astellas Pharma Inc. for the treatment of patients with functional dyspepsia. The drug modulates upper gastrointestinal motility to alleviate abdominal symptoms resulting from hypomotility and delayed gastric emptying. It exerts its activity in the stomach via muscarinic receptor inhibition, resulting in enhanced acetylcholine release and inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity. Acofide® is launched in Japan for treating functional dyspepsia.

DAU 6215 (Itasetron) is a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine3 (5-HT3) antagonist, which was developed by Boehringer Ingelheim. And was investigated for treatment the nausea and vomiting induced by chemotherapy, it was confirmed that this drug possessed antiemetic properties. Also was discovered, that chronic treatment with itasetron significantly improved retention abilities of the aged rats in this memory test. However, development of itasetron was terminated.

Fudosteine is a derivative of cysteine developed and approved in Japan for the treatment of such diseases as bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis, pulmonary emphysema, bronchiectasis, pulmonary tuberculosis, pneumoconiosis, atypical mycobacterial disease and diffuse panbronchiolitis. Fudosteine acts as a mucoactive agent, enabling mucin secretion. Although exact mechanism of action is unknown, it is supposed that fudosteine inhibits MUC5AC expression.

Picoperine (Coben) is an antitussive agent.