Cyantraniliprole (HGW-86) is an insecticide of the ryanoid class, is a systemic insecticide that works by impairing the regulation of muscle contractions causing paralysis and eventual death in insects. It’s a ryanodine receptor (RyR) modulator which kills insects though unregulated activation of RyR. Cyantraniliprole is approved for use in the United States, Canada, China, and India; it is highly toxic to bees, which resulted in registration of its use as a pesticide being delayed in the USA.

Sparassol is a naturally occurring antibiotic and antifungal compound which can be isolated from Sparassis crispa. It has also shown insecticidal activity against Drosophila suzukii, and nematicidal activity against Bursaphelenchus xyphilus. There has been limited interest in biological or pharmacological effects on humans and animals.

D-106669 was investigated in frame of research program PI3K and MAPK inhibitors of AEterna Zentaris. D-106669 is a highly selective to class I of PI3K alpha (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor.

CGP77675 is a potent Src kinase inhibitor. CGP77675 was selective toward other protein kinases: the Src kinase family members Lck and Yes were inhibited with IC50 values 20-fold higher than or equal to Src. The effect of CGP77675 on bone resorption was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. The parathyroid hormone-induced bone resorption in rat fetal long bone cultures was inhibited with an IC50 of 0.8 mmol/L. CGP77675 dose-dependently reduced the hypercalcemia induced in mice by interleukin-1b and partly prevented bone loss and microarchitectural changes in young ovariectomized rats, showing that the protective effect on bone was exerted via the inhibition of bone resorption.

-Peltatin is a lignan, which was isolated from different species of Linum and O-methyl derivative of alpha- Peltatin.

Trimedlure (1,1-dimethylethyl 4- and 5-chloro-2- methylcyclohexanecarboxylate) is a synthetic attractant for the Mediterranean fruit fly that has four trans and four cis structures. The trans-trimedlure isomers are A, B1, B2, and C and cis-trimedlure isomers are V, W, X, and Y. Commercial TML is composed primarily of four trans isomers and lesser quantities of the four cis isomers.The most biologically active enantiomer of trimedlure is the 1S,2S,4R enantiomer of isomer C, the fert-butyl ester of ris-4-chloro-trans-2-methylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid.

VIGABATRIN, R-(-)- is an inactive enantiomer of gamma-vinyl-gamma-aminobutyric acid. Vigabatrin exists as a 50/50 racemic mixture of two enantiomers. It is an irreversible inhibitor of the GABA-transaminase, the enzyme responsible for the catabolism of GABA, thus increasing the GABAergic transmission. This drug is mainly prescribed for the treatment of West syndrome, a deleterious pediatric epileptic syndrome also known as infantile spasms. The maximum and minimum plasma concentrations of vigabatrin at steady-state were lower for the S(+) than for the R(-) enantiomer, while the apparent oral clearance was higher for the S(+) than for the R(-) enantiomer in a patient affected with tuberous sclerosis who developed major agitation and aggression and in whom impaired renal function was diagnosed. The question remains of the potential toxicity of the high levels of the R(-) enantiomer. The placental uptake of the active S(+)-isomer from the maternal circulation exceeded that of the R(-)-isomer and this was reflected by a corresponding difference in placental tissue concentrations.

Magnesium Selenite is mostly insoluble in water Magnesium salt.

Citrinin is a mycotoxin produced by several species of the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium and Monascus. It is often found in food. Citrinin is nephrotoxic agent. Inhibition of RNA (predominantly rRNA) and DNA synthesis by citrinin has been reported in different mammalian cell lines including kidney cells. The induction of oxidative stress has also been proposed to account for citrinin toxicity. Citrinin inhibits immune response – it inhibits lipopolysaccharide/interferon-gamma-induced nitric oxide production in glomerular mesangial cells. Citrinin induced apoptosis in human colon cancer and promyelocytic leukemia cell lines.

N-(2-HYDROXYETHYL)HEPTADECANAMIDE (or heptadecanoyl ethanolamide) is a synthetic analog of palmitoyl ethanolamide (PEA). This analog is unlikely to be present in any natural tissue, and so can be used as an internal standard for quantitative analysis. It was shown, that heptadecanoyl ethanolamide potentiates the Ca2+ influx response to arachidonyl ethanolamide several fold in cells expressing human recombinant VR1.