Cathine, known as D-norpseudoephedrine, is a psychoactive drug of amphetamine class, found naturally in Catha edulis (khat). It is a norepinephrine and dopamine releasing agent, and has thermogenic and anorectic effect. In the United States, cathine is classified as a Schedule IV controlled substance. Cathine hydrochloride is used as an appetite suppressant during the first few weeks of dieting to help establish new eating habits.

Rimonabant (also known as SR141716; trade names Acomplia, Zimulti) was an anorectic antiobesity drug that was first approved in Europe in 2006 but was withdrawn worldwide in 2008 due to serious psychiatric side effects. Rimonabant is an inverse agonist for the cannabinoid receptor CB1 and was the first drug approved in that class. There is considerable evidence that the endocannabinoid (endogenous cannabinoid) system plays a significant role in appetitive drive and associated behaviors. It is, therefore, reasonable to hypothesize that the attenuation of the activity of this system would have therapeutic benefit in treating disorders that might have a component of excess appetitive drive or over-activity of the endocannabinoid system, such as obesity, ethanol and other drug abuse, and a variety of central nervous system and other disorders. Data from clinical trials submitted to regulatory authorities showed that rimonabant caused depressive disorders or mood alterations in up to 10% of subjects and suicidal ideation in around 1%, and in Europe, it was contraindicated for people with any psychiatric disorder, including depressed or suicidal people. Additionally, nausea and upper respiratory tract infections were very common (occurring in more than 10% of people) adverse effects; common adverse effects (occurring in between 1% and 10% of people) included gastroenteritis, anxiety, irritability, insomnia and other sleep disorders, hot flushes, diarrhea, vomiting, dry or itchy skin, tendonitis, muscle cramps and spasms, fatigue, flu-like symptoms, and increased risk of falling.

Moxonidine is a second-generation, centrally acting antihypertensive drug with a distinctive mode of action. Moxonidine activates I1-imidazoline receptors (I1-receptors). Imidazoline I1-receptor agonism represents a new mode of antihypertensive action to inhibit peripheral alpha-adrenergic tone by a central mechanism. Adrenaline, noradrenaline and renin levels are reduced, a finding consistent with central inhibition of sympathetic tone. Moxonidine acts centrally to reduce peripheral sympathetic activity, thus decreasing peripheral vascular resistance. In patients with mild to moderate hypertension, moxonidine reduces blood pressure (BP) as effectively as most first-line antihypertensives when used as monotherapy and is also an effective adjunctive therapy in combination with other antihypertensive agents. It improves the metabolic profile in patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose tolerance, is well tolerated, has a low potential for drug interactions and may be administered once daily in most patients. Moxonidine is a good option in the treatment of patients with mild to moderate hypertension, particularly as adjunctive therapy in patients with the metabolic syndrome.

Aescin, the major active principle from Aesculus hippocastanum (Hippocastanaceae) the horse chestnut tree, has shown satisfactory evidence for a clinically significant activity in chronic venous insufficiency (CVI), haemorrhoids and post-operative oedema. In one controlled trial aescin was shown to be as effective as compression therapy as an alternative to medical treatment for CVI. The therapeutic benefit is well supported by a number of experimental investigations in different animal models, indicative of clearcut anti-oedematous, anti-inflammatory and venotonic properties, mainly related to the molecular mechanism of the agent, allowing improved entry of ions into channels, thus raising venous tension in both in vitro and in vivo conditions. Other mechanisms, i.e. release of PGF2 from veins, antagonism to 5-HT and histamine, reduced catabolism of tissue mucopolysaccharides, further underline the wide ranging mechanisms of the therapeutic activity of aescin. Aescin exists in two forms, α and β. β-aescin (b-escin) appears to be the active component of the mixture and is the molecular form present in major available pharmaceutical products. Beta-aescin has cytotoxic activity toward human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines.

Aescin, the major active principle from Aesculus hippocastanum (Hippocastanaceae) the horse chestnut tree, has shown satisfactory evidence for a clinically significant activity in chronic venous insufficiency (CVI), haemorrhoids and post-operative oedema. In one controlled trial aescin was shown to be as effective as compression therapy as an alternative to medical treatment for CVI. The therapeutic benefit is well supported by a number of experimental investigations in different animal models, indicative of clearcut anti-oedematous, anti-inflammatory and venotonic properties, mainly related to the molecular mechanism of the agent, allowing improved entry of ions into channels, thus raising venous tension in both in vitro and in vivo conditions. Other mechanisms, i.e. release of PGF2 from veins, antagonism to 5-HT and histamine, reduced catabolism of tissue mucopolysaccharides, further underline the wide ranging mechanisms of the therapeutic activity of aescin. Aescin exists in two forms, α and β. β-aescin (b-escin) appears to be the active component of the mixture and is the molecular form present in major available pharmaceutical products. Beta-aescin has cytotoxic activity toward human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines.

Sodium anthranilate is an excipient (pharmacologically inactive substance). Sodium anthranilate (Aminobenzoate sodium ,C7H6NNaO2), also known as sodium 2-aminobenzoate, is an organic amine. Aminobenzoate sodium exists as a yellow powder for use in pharmaceutical processing.

Cathine, known as D-norpseudoephedrine, is a psychoactive drug of amphetamine class, found naturally in Catha edulis (khat). It is a norepinephrine and dopamine releasing agent, and has thermogenic and anorectic effect. In the United States, cathine is classified as a Schedule IV controlled substance. Cathine hydrochloride is used as an appetite suppressant during the first few weeks of dieting to help establish new eating habits.

Fenproporex is a central and indirect-acting sympathomimetic. It was developed as an anorectic drug. Their anorectic effects are believed to be a result of adrenergic activation. Fenproporex has never been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for sale in the US due to lack of efficacy and safety data. There is a paucity of randomized, placebo-controlled trials on Fenproporex. These studies suggest that Fenproporex is modestly effective in promoting weight loss. Data from these studies are insufficient to determine the risk-benefit profile of Fenproporex. Abuse potential and amphetamine-like adverse effects are causes for concern. Adverse effect most frequently reported are: insomnia, anxiety, depression, irritability, dry mouth.

Clobenzorex is a central stimulant and sympathomimetic used as an anti-obesity drug; an n-substituted amphetamine, which is metabolized to amphethamine. Its actions are like those of dexamphetamine and has been used as a drug of abuse.

Fenbutrazate is a prodrug of phenmetrazine, a psychostimulant for the treatment of obesity. Fenbutrazate acts as an agonist of monoamine transportes upon conversion to the active metabolite. The drug is no longer marketed due to its addictive profile.