Details
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Molecular Formula | C10H12O3 |
Molecular Weight | 180.2005 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
CCCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1
InChI
InChIKey=QELSKZZBTMNZEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C10H12O3/c1-2-7-13-10(12)8-3-5-9(11)6-4-8/h3-6,11H,2,7H2,1H3
Molecular Formula | C10H12O3 |
Molecular Weight | 180.2005 |
Charge | 0 |
Count |
|
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Additional Stereochemistry | No |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
DescriptionSources: http://www.fda.gov/cosmetics/productsingredients/ingredients/ucm128042.htm#What_are_parabensCurator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24542410;
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/576658;
http://www.ukfoodguide.net/e216.htm
Sources: http://www.fda.gov/cosmetics/productsingredients/ingredients/ucm128042.htm#What_are_parabens
Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24542410;
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/576658;
http://www.ukfoodguide.net/e216.htm
Propylparaben is a bacteriostatic and fungistatic agent used as a preservative in cosmetic products, food and drugs. As a food additive, it has the E number E216. To increase the activity and reduce its dose propylparaben is used in a mixture with other parabens and in combination with other types of preservatives. Propylparaben is a chemical allergen capable of producing immunologically mediated hypersensitivity reactions. Chemically it is an ester of p-hydroxybenzoic acid.
Approval Year
Conditions
Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
---|---|---|---|---|
Inactive ingredient | XILAPAK Approved UseFor the management of hypertrophic tissues, keloid tissues, dermatitis and dermatoses Launch Date2017 |
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Preventing | Iscaguard® FPX2 Approved UseUnknown |
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Preventing | Iscaguard® FPX2 Approved UseUnknown |
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Preventing | Iscaguard® FPX2 Approved UseUnknown |
Cmax
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
2777 nM EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31234001/ |
0.6 mg/kg single, oral dose: 0.6 mg/kg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
PROPYLPARABEN serum | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
AUC
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
8757 nM × h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31234001/ |
0.6 mg/kg single, oral dose: 0.6 mg/kg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
PROPYLPARABEN serum | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
T1/2
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
2.9 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31234001/ |
0.6 mg/kg single, oral dose: 0.6 mg/kg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
PROPYLPARABEN serum | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN |
Funbound
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
8.5% EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33188879/ |
PROPYLPARABEN plasma | Homo sapiens |
Doses
Dose | Population | Adverse events |
---|---|---|
15 % 1 times / day multiple, topical Highest studied dose Dose: 15 %, 1 times / day Route: topical Route: multiple Dose: 15 %, 1 times / day Sources: |
unknown, ADULT Health Status: unknown Age Group: ADULT Sex: unknown Food Status: UNKNOWN Sources: |
Other AEs: Skin irritation... |
AEs
AE | Significance | Dose | Population |
---|---|---|---|
Skin irritation | 15 % 1 times / day multiple, topical Highest studied dose Dose: 15 %, 1 times / day Route: topical Route: multiple Dose: 15 %, 1 times / day Sources: |
unknown, ADULT Health Status: unknown Age Group: ADULT Sex: unknown Food Status: UNKNOWN Sources: |
Overview
CYP3A4 | CYP2C9 | CYP2D6 | hERG |
---|---|---|---|
OverviewOther
Other Inhibitor | Other Substrate | Other Inducer |
---|---|---|
Drug as perpetrator
Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|
Page: 19.0 |
inconclusive [IC50 21.3174 uM] | |||
Page: 21.0 |
no [IC50 22.4458 uM] | |||
Page: 9.0 |
no [IC50 6.859 uM] | |||
Page: 282.0 |
no | |||
Page: 18.0 |
yes [IC50 20.0048 uM] | |||
Page: 9.0 |
yes [IC50 6.3261 uM] |
Drug as victim
Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|
Page: 267 | 278 |
no | |||
yes | ||||
yes | ||||
yes |
Tox targets
Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|
Page: 189.0 |
PubMed
Title | Date | PubMed |
---|---|---|
ER-dependent estrogenic activity of parabens assessed by proliferation of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells and expression of ERalpha and PR. | 2001 Dec |
|
Sorption of parabens by fluoropolymer or fluoropolymer laminated flexible tubing. | 2001 Nov-Dec |
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Determination of dexamethasone and two excipients (creatinine and propylparaben) in injections by using UV-spectroscopy and multivariate calibrations. | 2001 Oct 23 |
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Inhibition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae by slow release of propyl paraben from a polymer coating. | 2001 Sep |
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Spalling and sorption of tubing for peristaltic pumps. | 2002 |
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Gas chromatography/mass spectrometric assay of endogenous cellular lipid peroxidation products: quantitative analysis of 9- and 10-hydroxystearic acids. | 2002 |
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The effect of surface charge and partition coefficient on the chemical stability of solutes in O/W emulsions. | 2002 Feb |
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Oestrogenic activity of parabens in MCF7 human breast cancer cells. | 2002 Jan |
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Sorption of benzoic acid, sorbic acid, benzyl alcohol, and benzalkonium chloride by flexible tubing. | 2002 Jan |
|
Oestrogenic activity of isobutylparaben in vitro and in vivo. | 2002 Jul-Aug |
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Derivative spectrophotometric determination of droperidol in presence of parabens. | 2002 Jun 20 |
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[Analysis of preservatives in cosmetics by gas chromatography]. | 2002 May |
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Simultaneous determination of methylparaben, propylparaben, hydrocortisone acetate and its degradation products in a topical cream by RP-HPLC. | 2003 Aug 8 |
|
Vasoactive properties of lignocaine administered by iontophoresis in human skin. | 2003 Jan |
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p-Hydroxybenzoic acid alkyl esters in Andrographis paniculata herbs, commercial extracts, and formulated products. | 2003 Jan 15 |
|
Study of 202 natural, synthetic, and environmental chemicals for binding to the androgen receptor. | 2003 Oct |
|
Reversed-phase porous silica rods, an alternative approach to high-performance liquid chromatographic separation using the sequential injection chromatography technique. | 2003 Oct 10 |
|
The physical stability of thermally-stressed phospholipid-based emulsions containing methyl, propyl and heptyl parabens as model drugs. | 2003 Oct 20 |
|
Separation of preservatives in cosmetic products by micellar electrokinetic chromatography. | 2004 Dec |
|
Determination of combined p-hydroxy benzoic acid preservatives in a liquid pharmaceutical formulation by HPLC. | 2004 Jan 27 |
|
HPLC determination of estradiol, its degradation product, and preservatives in new topical formulation Estrogel HBF. | 2004 Jul |
|
Preventing sexual transmission of HIV: anti-HIV bioregulatory and homeostatic components of commercial sexual lubricants. | 2004 Jul-Dec |
|
Simultaneous HPLC determination of ketoprofen and its degradation products in the presence of preservatives in pharmaceuticals. | 2004 Nov 15 |
|
Morphometric analysis of mice uteri treated with the preservatives methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butylparaben. | 2004 Sep |
|
Estrogenic activity of cosmetic components in reporter cell lines: parabens, UV screens, and musks. | 2005 Feb 27 |
|
Propyl paraben induces potassium efflux in Escherichia coli. | 2005 Jun |
|
The use of colloidal microgels as a (trans)dermal drug delivery system. | 2005 Mar 23 |
|
Development and validation of a stability indicating HPLC method for determination of lisinopril, lisinopril degradation product and parabens in the lisinopril extemporaneous formulation. | 2005 Mar 9 |
|
Simultaneous determination of preservatives (benzoic acid, sorbic acid, methylparaben and propylparaben) in foodstuffs using high-performance liquid chromatography. | 2005 May 6 |
|
A new validated method for the simultaneous determination of benzocaine, propylparaben and benzyl alcohol in a bioadhesive gel by HPLC. | 2005 Oct 4 |
|
The importance of the cosolvent propylene glycol on the antimicrobial preservative efficacy of a pharmaceutical formulation by DOE-ruggedness testing. | 2006 |
|
Application of ecotoxicogenomics for studying endocrine disruption in vertebrates and invertebrates. | 2006 Apr |
|
Causal agents of photoallergic contact dermatitis diagnosed in the national institute of dermatology of Colombia. | 2006 Aug |
|
The influence of physicochemical properties of preservative compounds on their distribution into various phases of oil in water submicron emulsion. | 2006 May-Jun |
|
Prediction of estrogen receptor agonists and characterization of associated molecular descriptors by statistical learning methods. | 2006 Nov |
|
Assay of artemether, methylparaben and propylparaben in a formulated paediatric antimalarial dry suspension. | 2007 Jan 17 |
Patents
Substance Class |
Chemical
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Mon Mar 31 17:55:18 GMT 2025
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on
Mon Mar 31 17:55:18 GMT 2025
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Record UNII |
Z8IX2SC1OH
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Record Status |
Validated (UNII)
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Classification Tree | Code System | Code | ||
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NCI_THESAURUS |
C92608
Created by
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NDF-RT |
N0000185508
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CFR |
21 CFR 184.1670
Created by
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CFR |
21 CFR 172.515
Created by
admin on Mon Mar 31 17:55:18 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:55:18 GMT 2025
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EU FOOD ADDITIVES |
E-216
Created by
admin on Mon Mar 31 17:55:18 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:55:18 GMT 2025
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EPA PESTICIDE CODE |
61203
Created by
admin on Mon Mar 31 17:55:18 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:55:18 GMT 2025
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Code System | Code | Type | Description | ||
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SUB12242MIG
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PRIMARY | |||
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8511
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PRIMARY | |||
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23515
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PRIMARY | |||
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DB14177
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PRIMARY | |||
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202-307-7
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PRIMARY | |||
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Z8IX2SC1OH
Created by
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PRIMARY | |||
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7175
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PRIMARY | |||
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C76730
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PRIMARY | |||
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N0000175629
Created by
admin on Mon Mar 31 17:55:18 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:55:18 GMT 2025
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PRIMARY | Increased Histamine Release [PE] | ||
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SUB169805
Created by
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PRIMARY | |||
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PROPYLPARABEN
Created by
admin on Mon Mar 31 17:55:18 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:55:18 GMT 2025
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PRIMARY | Description: Colourless crystals or a white, crystalline powder; odourless or with a faintly aromatic odour. Solubility: Very slightly soluble in water; slightly soluble in boiling water; freely soluble in ethanol (~750 g/l) TS and ether R. Category: Antimicrobial preservative. Storage: Propyl hydroxybenzoate should be kept in a well-closed container. Additional information: Propyl hydroxybenzoate is normally used in combination with other hydroxybenzoates. Requirement: Propyl hydroxybenzoate contains not less than 99.0% and not more than the equivalent of 101.0% of C10H12O3, calculated withreference to the dried substance. | ||
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m9247
Created by
admin on Mon Mar 31 17:55:18 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:55:18 GMT 2025
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PRIMARY | Merck Index | ||
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PROPYLPARABEN
Created by
admin on Mon Mar 31 17:55:18 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:55:18 GMT 2025
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PRIMARY | |||
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Y-36
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PRIMARY | |||
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1577008
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100000079299
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PRIMARY | |||
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N0000171131
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PRIMARY | Allergens [Chemical/Ingredient] | ||
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N0000184306
Created by
admin on Mon Mar 31 17:55:18 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:55:18 GMT 2025
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PRIMARY | Cell-mediated Immunity [PE] | ||
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2307
Created by
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PRIMARY | |||
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203
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94-13-3
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DTXSID4022527
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Z8IX2SC1OH
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32063
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34706
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PRIMARY | RxNorm | ||
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C006068
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PRIMARY | |||
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CHEMBL194014
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PRIMARY |
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT | |||
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT |
Related Record | Type | Details | ||
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IMPURITY -> PARENT |
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IMPURITY -> PARENT |
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IMPURITY -> PARENT |
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IMPURITY -> PARENT |
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PARENT -> IMPURITY |
CHROMATOGRAPHIC PURITY (HPLC/UV)
EP
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ACTIVE MOIETY |