TUBOCURARINE

US Previously Marketed

First approved in 1945

Details

Stereochemistry	ABSOLUTE
Molecular Formula	C37H41N2O6
Molecular Weight	609.7312
Optical Activity	UNSPECIFIED
Defined Stereocenters	2 / 2
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	1

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

COC1=CC2=C3C=C1OC4=CC(C[C@@H]5C6=C(OC7=CC=C(C[C@@H]3N(C)CC2)C=C7)C(O)=C(OC)C=C6CC[N+]5(C)C)=CC=C4O

InChI

InChIKey=JFJZZMVDLULRGK-URLMMPGGSA-O

InChI=1S/C37H40N2O6/c1-38-14-12-24-19-32(42-4)33-21-27(24)28(38)16-22-6-9-26(10-7-22)44-37-35-25(20-34(43-5)36(37)41)13-15-39(2,3)29(35)17-23-8-11-30(40)31(18-23)45-33/h6-11,18-21,28-29H,12-17H2,1-5H3,(H-,40,41)/p+1/t28-,29+/m0/s1

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula	C37H40N2O6
Molecular Weight	608.7233
Charge	0
Count

Stereochemistry	EPIMERIC
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	2 / 2
E/Z Centers	0
Optical Activity	UNSPECIFIED

Description
Sources: http://howmed.net/pharmacology/tubocurarine-non-depolarizing-neuromuscular-blocker/ | https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB01199

Tubocurarine, a naturally occurring alkaloid, is used to treat smoking withdrawl syndrom. Tubocurarine, the chief alkaloid in tobacco products, binds stereo-selectively to nicotinic-cholinergic receptors at the autonomic ganglia, in the adrenal medulla, at neuromuscular junctions, and in the brain. Two types of central nervous system effects are believed to be the basis of Tubocurarine's positively reinforcing properties. A stimulating effect is exerted mainly in the cortex via the locus ceruleus and a reward effect is exerted in the limbic system. At low doses the stimulant effects predominate while at high doses the reward effects predominate. Intermittent intravenous administration of Tubocurarine activates neurohormonal pathways, releasing acetylcholine, norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin, vasopressin, beta-endorphin, growth hormone, and ACTH. Tubocurarine competes with acetylcholine for post-synaptic nicotinic NM receptors and blocks them.

CNS Activity

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Potency
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor; alpha3/beta4 40 Target ID: CHEMBL1907594 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15203153	Antagonist 2778	2.0 µM [IC50]
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor; alpha4/beta2 76 Target ID: CHEMBL1907589 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23757208	Antagonist 2778	9.2 µM [IC50]
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-2 3 Target ID: Q15822 Gene ID: 1135.0 Gene Symbol: CHRNA2 Target Organism: Homo sapiens (Human) Sources: https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB01199 \| https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11562442	Antagonist 2778
Muscle-type nicotinic acetylcholine receptor 65 Target ID: CHEMBL2362997 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18633030	Antagonist 2778	24.0 nM [IC50]
Serotonin 3a (5-HT3a) receptor 46 Target ID: CHEMBL1899 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7790853 \| https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9680250	Antagonist 2778	84.1 nM [Ki]
Small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel protein 1 5 Target ID: CHEMBL2369 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9287325 \| https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8781233	Blocker 537	27.0 µM [IC50]
Small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel protein 2 4 Target ID: CHEMBL4469 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10696100	Blocker 537	17.0 µM [IC50]

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Targets	Highest Phase	Product
Myasthenia gravis 21 Sources: http://www.druginfosys.com/drug.aspx?drugcode=742&type=1 https://www.drugs.com/mmx/tubocurarine-chloride.html	Diagnostic		Approved 8429	TUBOCURARINE CHLORIDE Approved Use Tubocurarine is indicated as a diagnostic aid for myasthenia gravis when the results of tests with neostigmine or edrophonium are inconclusive Launch Date 1945

C_max

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
1.173 μg/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7114542/	16 μg/kg/min other, intravenous dose: 16 μg/kg/min route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: OTHER co-administered:		TUBOCURARINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN

AUC

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
117 μg × min/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7114542/	16 μg/kg/min other, intravenous dose: 16 μg/kg/min route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: OTHER co-administered:		TUBOCURARINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN

T_1/2

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
89 min EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7114542/	16 μg/kg/min other, intravenous dose: 16 μg/kg/min route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: OTHER co-administered:		TUBOCURARINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN

Overview

CYP3A4	CYP2C9	CYP2D6	hERG
inhibitor 1587	inhibitor 1767	inhibitor 1852	inhibitor 1612

OverviewOther

Other Inhibitor	Other Substrate	Other Inducer
OCT1 512 OCT2 647 MATE1 306 MATE2 263 BSEP 402 MRP2 383 MRP3 157 MRP4 204 CYP1A2 1524 CYP2A6 707 CYP2C19 1478 CYP2E1 882 OATP1B1 788 OATP1B3 706	OCT1 327 OCT2 355

Drug as perpetrator

Target	Modality	Activity
OCT2 648	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19833842/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23241029/, http://www.bindingdb.org/bind/chemsearch/marvin/MolStructure.jsp?monomerid=50424714	likely [IC50 >100 uM]
CYP1A2 1692	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/g/#browse/activities/full_state/eyJsaXN0Ijp7InNldHRpbmdzX3BhdGgiOiJFU19JTkRFWEVTX05PX01BSU5fU0VBUkNILkFDVElWSVRZIiwiY3VzdG9tX3F1ZXJ5IjoidGFyZ2V0X2NoZW1ibF9pZDpDSEVNQkwzMzU2IiwidXNlX2N1c3RvbV9xdWVyeSI6dHJ1ZSwic2VhcmNoX3Rlcm0iOiIiLCJ0ZXh0X2ZpbHRlciI6IkNIRU1CTDE2ODcifX0%3D	no [IC50 >10 uM]
CYP2A6 739	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/g/#browse/activities/full_state/eyJsaXN0Ijp7InNldHRpbmdzX3BhdGgiOiJFU19JTkRFWEVTX05PX01BSU5fU0VBUkNILkFDVElWSVRZIiwiY3VzdG9tX3F1ZXJ5IjoidGFyZ2V0X2NoZW1ibF9pZDpDSEVNQkw1MjgyIiwidXNlX2N1c3RvbV9xdWVyeSI6dHJ1ZSwic2VhcmNoX3Rlcm0iOiIiLCJ0ZXh0X2ZpbHRlciI6IkNIRU1CTDE2ODcifX0%3D	no [IC50 >10 uM]
CYP2C19 1553	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/g/#browse/activities/full_state/eyJsaXN0Ijp7InNldHRpbmdzX3BhdGgiOiJFU19JTkRFWEVTX05PX01BSU5fU0VBUkNILkFDVElWSVRZIiwiY3VzdG9tX3F1ZXJ5IjoidGFyZ2V0X2NoZW1ibF9pZDpDSEVNQkwzNjIyIiwidXNlX2N1c3RvbV9xdWVyeSI6dHJ1ZSwic2VhcmNoX3Rlcm0iOiIiLCJ0ZXh0X2ZpbHRlciI6IkNIRU1CTDE2ODcifX0%3D	no [IC50 >10 uM]
CYP2C9 1819	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/g/#browse/activities/full_state/eyJsaXN0Ijp7InNldHRpbmdzX3BhdGgiOiJFU19JTkRFWEVTX05PX01BSU5fU0VBUkNILkFDVElWSVRZIiwiY3VzdG9tX3F1ZXJ5IjoidGFyZ2V0X2NoZW1ibF9pZDpDSEVNQkwzMzk3IiwidXNlX2N1c3RvbV9xdWVyeSI6dHJ1ZSwic2VhcmNoX3Rlcm0iOiIiLCJ0ZXh0X2ZpbHRlciI6IkNIRU1CTDE2ODcifX0%3D	no [IC50 >10 uM]
CYP2D6 1891	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/g/#browse/activities/full_state/eyJsaXN0Ijp7InNldHRpbmdzX3BhdGgiOiJFU19JTkRFWEVTX05PX01BSU5fU0VBUkNILkFDVElWSVRZIiwiY3VzdG9tX3F1ZXJ5IjoidGFyZ2V0X2NoZW1ibF9pZDpDSEVNQkwyODkiLCJ1c2VfY3VzdG9tX3F1ZXJ5Ijp0cnVlLCJzZWFyY2hfdGVybSI6IiIsInRleHRfZmlsdGVyIjoiQ0hFTUJMMTY4NyJ9fQ%3D%3D	no [IC50 >10 uM]
CYP2E1 970	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/g/#browse/activities/full_state/eyJsaXN0Ijp7InNldHRpbmdzX3BhdGgiOiJFU19JTkRFWEVTX05PX01BSU5fU0VBUkNILkFDVElWSVRZIiwiY3VzdG9tX3F1ZXJ5IjoidGFyZ2V0X2NoZW1ibF9pZDpDSEVNQkw1MjgxIiwidXNlX2N1c3RvbV9xdWVyeSI6dHJ1ZSwic2VhcmNoX3Rlcm0iOiIiLCJ0ZXh0X2ZpbHRlciI6IkNIRU1CTDE2ODcifX0%3D	no [IC50 >10 uM]
CYP3A4 1925	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/g/#browse/activities/full_state/eyJsaXN0Ijp7InNldHRpbmdzX3BhdGgiOiJFU19JTkRFWEVTX05PX01BSU5fU0VBUkNILkFDVElWSVRZIiwiY3VzdG9tX3F1ZXJ5IjoidGFyZ2V0X2NoZW1ibF9pZDpDSEVNQkwzNDAiLCJ1c2VfY3VzdG9tX3F1ZXJ5Ijp0cnVlLCJzZWFyY2hfdGVybSI6IiIsInRleHRfZmlsdGVyIjoiQ0hFTUJMMTY4NyJ9fQ%3D%3D	no [IC50 >10 uM]
BSEP 403	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23956101/, http://www.bindingdb.org/bind/chemsearch/marvin/MolStructure.jsp?monomerid=50424714	yes [IC50 133 uM]
MRP2 475	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23956101/, http://www.bindingdb.org/bind/chemsearch/marvin/MolStructure.jsp?monomerid=50424714	yes [IC50 133 uM]
MRP3 207	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23956101/, http://www.bindingdb.org/bind/chemsearch/marvin/MolStructure.jsp?monomerid=50424714	yes [IC50 133 uM]
MATE2 263	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23241029/, http://www.bindingdb.org/bind/chemsearch/marvin/MolStructure.jsp?monomerid=50424714	yes [IC50 55.5 uM]
OCT1 543	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://transportal.compbio.ucsf.edu/compounds/tubocurarine/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19833842/	yes [IC50 62.4 uM]
MATE1 308	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23241029/, http://www.bindingdb.org/bind/chemsearch/marvin/MolStructure.jsp?monomerid=50424714	yes [IC50 9.4 uM]
MRP4 238	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23956101/, http://www.bindingdb.org/bind/chemsearch/marvin/MolStructure.jsp?monomerid=50424714	yes [IC50 9.6 uM]
OATP1B1 803	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/g/#browse/activities/full_state/eyJsaXN0Ijp7InNldHRpbmdzX3BhdGgiOiJFU19JTkRFWEVTX05PX01BSU5fU0VBUkNILkFDVElWSVRZIiwiY3VzdG9tX3F1ZXJ5IjoidGFyZ2V0X2NoZW1ibF9pZDpDSEVNQkwxNjk3NjY4IiwidXNlX2N1c3RvbV9xdWVyeSI6dHJ1ZSwic2VhcmNoX3Rlcm0iOiIiLCJ0ZXh0X2ZpbHRlciI6IkNIRU1CTDE2ODcifX0%3D	yes [Inhibition 10 uM]
OATP1B3 715	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/g/#browse/activities/full_state/eyJsaXN0Ijp7InNldHRpbmdzX3BhdGgiOiJFU19JTkRFWEVTX05PX01BSU5fU0VBUkNILkFDVElWSVRZIiwiY3VzdG9tX3F1ZXJ5IjoidGFyZ2V0X2NoZW1ibF9pZDpDSEVNQkwxNzQzMTIxIiwidXNlX2N1c3RvbV9xdWVyeSI6dHJ1ZSwic2VhcmNoX3Rlcm0iOiIiLCJ0ZXh0X2ZpbHRlciI6IkNIRU1CTDE2ODcifX0%3D	yes [Inhibition 10 uM]

Drug as victim

Target	Modality	Activity	Metabolite	Clinical evidence
OCT1 327	substrate 3367 Sources: https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB01199, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23984399/	yes
OCT2 355	substrate 3367 Sources: https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB01199, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9260930/	yes

Tox targets

Target	Modality	Activity	Metabolite	Clinical evidence
hERG 1647	inhibitor 1626 Sources: https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/g/#browse/activities/full_state/eyJsaXN0Ijp7InNldHRpbmdzX3BhdGgiOiJFU19JTkRFWEVTX05PX01BSU5fU0VBUkNILkFDVElWSVRZIiwiY3VzdG9tX3F1ZXJ5IjoidGFyZ2V0X2NoZW1ibF9pZDpDSEVNQkwyNDAiLCJ1c2VfY3VzdG9tX3F1ZXJ5Ijp0cnVlLCJzZWFyY2hfdGVybSI6IiIsInRleHRfZmlsdGVyIjoiQ0hFTUJMMTY4NyJ9fQ%3D%3D

Sourcing

Vendor/Aggregator	ID	URL
ChEBI	CHEBI:9774	https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:9774
ZINC	ZINC000003978083	http://zinc15.docking.org/substances/ZINC000003978083

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
Influence of tetrahydro-aminacrine on muscle pains after suxamethonium.	1975 Jan 18	1090014
Ketamine-pancuronium-narcotic technic for cardiovascular surgery in infants--a comparative study.	1975 Nov-Dec	1239221
The influence of peripheral site ligands on the reaction of symmetric and chiral organophosphates with wildtype and mutant acetylcholinesterases.	1999 May 14	10421444
The pharmacology of hSK1 Ca2+-activated K+ channels expressed in mammalian cell lines.	2000 Feb	10683185
Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers inhibit the serotonin-type 3A receptor expressed in Xenopus oocytes.	2000 Feb	10648343
Pharmacological characterization of small-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channels stably expressed in HEK 293 cells.	2000 Mar	10696100
Effect of cholinergic agonists on resting membrane potential of earthworm body wall muscle cells.	2001 Apr	11550037
Pharmacological comparison of human homomeric 5-HT3A receptors versus heteromeric 5-HT3A/3B receptors.	2001 Aug	11489465
Involvement of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in suppression of antimicrobial activity and cytokine responses of alveolar macrophages to Legionella pneumophila infection by nicotine.	2001 Dec 1	11714820
Complex intracellular messenger pathways regulate one type of neuronal alpha-bungarotoxin-resistant nicotinic acetylcholine receptors expressed in insect neurosecretory cells (dorsal unpaired median neurons).	2001 Jul	11408603
Modulation by nitric oxide (NO) of the intensity of non-quantum mediator secretion in neuromuscular junctions in rats.	2001 Jul-Aug	11508498
Nicotinic regulation of c-fos and osteopontin expression in human-derived osteoblast-like cells and human trabecular bone organ culture.	2001 Jun	11425648
The initial mode of action of copper on the cardiac physiology of the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis.	2001 Mar	11163428
[Extrarenal effects of furosemide on normal and ischemic cerebral tissue in the rat].	2001 Mar 1-15	11346820
Pharmacological characterisation of the human small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel hSK3 reveals sensitivity to tricyclic antidepressants and antipsychotic phenothiazines.	2001 May	11369031
Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis with deposits of anti-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antibody in a patient with myasthenia gravis.	2001 Sep	11535018
Electrophysiological analysis of synaptic transmission in central neurons of Drosophila larvae.	2002 Aug	12163536
Characterization of the interactions between volatile anesthetics and neuromuscular blockers at the muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptor.	2002 Aug	12145052
Mapping the agonist binding site of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor by cysteine scanning mutagenesis: antagonist footprint and secondary structure prediction.	2002 Feb	11809872
[3H]Epibatidine binding to bovine adrenal medulla: evidence for alpha3beta4* nicotinic receptors.	2002 Jan 25	11796195
New evidence for a presynaptic action of prednisolone at neuromuscular junctions.	2002 Jul	12115947
Properties of nicotinic receptors underlying Renshaw cell excitation by alpha-motor neurons in neonatal rat spinal cord.	2002 Jun	12037212
Nicotine increases hepatic oxygen uptake in the isolated perfused rat liver by inhibiting glycolysis.	2002 Jun	12023521
The potency of new muscle relaxants on recombinant muscle-type acetylcholine receptors.	2002 Mar	11867382
Fm1-43 reveals membrane recycling in adult inner hair cells of the mammalian cochlea.	2002 May 15	12019313
Effect of glycine on synaptic transmission at the third order giant synapse of the squids Alloteuthis subulata and Loligo vulgaris.	2002 May 31	12023063
Neuromuscular action of Bothrops lanceolatus (Fer de lance) venom and a caseinolytic fraction.	2002 Sep	12220713
Nicotinic alpha 7 receptor clusters on hippocampal GABAergic neurons: regulation by synaptic activity and neurotrophins.	2002 Sep 15	12223543
Comparative fading responses induced by mivacurium, cisatracurium, and d-tubocurarine in the evoked muscular compound action potentials of the cat.	2003	12903920
Characterization of an apamin-sensitive potassium current in suprachiasmatic nucleus neurons.	2003	12849741
Blockade of neuronal facilitatory nicotinic receptors containing alpha 3 beta 2 subunits contribute to tetanic fade in the rat isolated diaphragm.	2003 Aug	12740863
Curariform antagonists bind in different orientations to the nicotinic receptor ligand binding domain.	2003 Aug 22	12799358
A comparison of tubocurarine, rocuronium, and cisatracurium in the prevention and reduction of succinylcholine-induced muscle fasciculations.	2003 Feb	12776646
Nicotinic activation of reticulospinal cells involved in the control of swimming in lampreys.	2003 Jan	12534977
4-Aminopyridine inhibits the neuromuscular effects of nitric oxide and 8-Br-cGMP.	2003 Jul	12845382
Neuromuscular effects of candoxin, a novel toxin from the venom of the Malayan krait (Bungarus candidus).	2003 Jun	12813007
Dopaminergic excitation of the goat carotid body is mediated by the serotonin type 3 receptor subtype.	2003 Jun 12	12809794
Pharmacological characterization of recombinant bovine alpha3beta4 neuronal nicotinic receptors stably expressed in HEK 293 cells.	2003 Jun 12	12770692
Curariform antagonists bind in different orientations to acetylcholine-binding protein.	2003 Jun 20	12682067
Screening procedure for eight quaternary nitrogen muscle relaxants in blood by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.	2003 Jun 5	12726849
Task-dependent presynaptic inhibition.	2003 Mar 1	12629193
Nicotine modulates the expression of a diverse set of genes in the neuronal SH-SY5Y cell line.	2003 May 2	12588870
Monitoring neuronal calcium signalling using a new method for ratiometric confocal calcium imaging.	2003 Sep	12887977
GABAergic systems modulate nicotinic receptor-mediated seizures in mice.	2003 Sep	12829730

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

Diagnostic aid (myasthenia gravis) Intravenous, 4 to 33 mcg (0.004 to 0.033 mg) per kg of body weight. Note: It is recommended that the test be terminated within two to three minutes by intravenous injection of 1.5 mg of neostigmine, since the marked exaggeration of myasthenia gravis symptoms may result in prolonged respiratory paralysis.

Route of Administration: Intravenous

In Vitro Use Guide

D-tubocurarine (30 uM), but not alpha-bungarotoxin (alpha-BTX, 0.1 uM), attenuated the nicotine (NIC) (100 uM)-evoked release of 3H-NA.

Substance Class	Chemical Created by `admin` on `Fri Dec 15 14:59:55 GMT 2023` Edited by `admin` on `Fri Dec 15 14:59:55 GMT 2023`
Record UNII	W9YXS298BM
Record Status	`Validated (UNII)`
Record Version

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Name

Type

Language

TUBOCURARINE

Common Name

English

13H-4,6:21,24-DIETHENO-8,12-METHENO-1H-PYRIDO(3',2':14,15)(1,11)DIOXACYCLOEICOSINO(2,3,4-IJ)ISOQUINOLINIUM, 2,3,13A,14,15,16,25,25A-OCTAHYDRO-9,19-DIHYDROXY-18,29-DIMETHOXY-1,14,14-TRIMETHYL-, (13AR,25AS)-

Common Name

English

Tubocurarine [WHO-DD]

Common Name

English

TUBOCURARINE [HSDB]

Common Name

English

TUBOCURARINE ION

Common Name

English

D-TUBOCURARINE

Common Name

English

(+)-TUBOCURARINE

Common Name

English

TUBOCURARINE CATION

Common Name

English

TUBOCURARANIUM, 7',12'-DIHYDROXY-6,6'-DIMETHOXY-2,2',2'-TRIMETHYL-

Common Name

English

TUBOCURARINE [VANDF]

Common Name

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

WHO-ATC

M03AA02