GLUCARIC ACID

Possibly Marketed Outside US

Details

Stereochemistry	ABSOLUTE
Molecular Formula	C6H10O8
Molecular Weight	210.1388
Optical Activity	UNSPECIFIED
Defined Stereocenters	4 / 4
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

O[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O)[C@H](O)C(O)=O

InChI

InChIKey=DSLZVSRJTYRBFB-LLEIAEIESA-N

InChI=1S/C6H10O8/c7-1(3(9)5(11)12)2(8)4(10)6(13)14/h1-4,7-10H,(H,11,12)(H,13,14)/t1-,2-,3-,4+/m0/s1

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula	C6H10O8
Molecular Weight	210.1388
Charge	0
Count

Stereochemistry	ABSOLUTE
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	4 / 4
E/Z Centers	0
Optical Activity	UNSPECIFIED

Description
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2208084 | http://www.altmedrev.com/publications/7/4/336.pdf

Glucaric acid is a non-toxic, naturally occurring compound, which is found in small amounts in plants and mammals, including humans. Salts of glucaric acid have potent antiproliferative properties in vivo. The risk of cancer development can be reduced by ingesting food rich in glucaric acid or self-medication with its salts. Glucaric acid inhibits bacterial beta-glucuronidase, thus increasing the excretion of conjugated xenobiotic compounds and decreasing activity of harmful substances. Inhibition of beta-glucuronidase ultimately results in potentially decreasing the risk of carcinogenesis. Calcium salt of the acid demonstrated anti-cancer activity in patients with breast cancer (phase I clinical trial) and in preclinical models of liver, lung, colon and skin cancers. Calcium-D-glucarate is being marketed as a dietary supplement.

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Condition	Potency
Gut microflora beta-glucuronidase 1 Target ID: Gut microflora beta-glucuronidase Sources: http://www.altmedrev.com/publications/7/4/336.pdf	Inhibitor 8504

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Highest Phase	Product
Breast cancer 432 Sources: http://www.altmedrev.com/publications/7/4/336.pdf	Primary	Phase I 438	Unknown Approved Use Unknown
Colon cancer 66 Sources: http://www.altmedrev.com/publications/7/4/336.pdf	Primary	Preclinical	Unknown Approved Use Unknown
Liver cancer 53 Sources: http://www.altmedrev.com/publications/7/4/336.pdf	Primary	Preclinical	Unknown Approved Use Unknown
Lung cancer 70 Sources: http://www.altmedrev.com/publications/7/4/336.pdf	Primary	Preclinical	Unknown Approved Use Unknown
Skin cancer 23 Sources: http://www.altmedrev.com/publications/7/4/336.pdf	Primary	Preclinical	Unknown Approved Use Unknown

Doses

Dose	Population	Adverse events
11 umol/kg single, topical Studied dose Dose: 11 umol/kg Route: topical Route: single Dose: 11 umol/kg Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/761444/	unhealthy, ADULT Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: ADULT Sex: M Food Status: UNKNOWN Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/761444/	Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/761444/
27.5 umol/kg single, topical Studied dose Dose: 27.5 umol/kg Route: topical Route: single Dose: 27.5 umol/kg Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/761444/	healthy, ADULT Health Status: healthy Age Group: ADULT Sex: M+F Food Status: UNKNOWN Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/761444/	Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/761444/

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
Pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen in the human neonate: formation of acetaminophen glucuronide and sulfate in relation to plasma bilirubin concentration and D-glucaric acid excretion.	1975 Jun	1134883
D-Glucaric acid and gamma-glutamyltransferase as indices of hepatic enzyme induction in pregnancy.	1977 Mar	13946
Melatonin prevents oxidative stress resulting from iron and erythropoietin administration.	2001 Apr	11273875
Efficacy of a mixed amphetamine salts compound in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.	2001 Aug	11483144
TEMPO-mediated oxidation of maltodextrins and D-glucose: effect of pH on the selectivity and sequestering ability of the resulting polycarboxylates.	2001 Jan 15	11217959
Risk of bacterial infection in patients under intravenous iron therapy: dose versus length of treatment.	2001 Nov	11903138
Relationship between changes in drug score, D-glucaric acid excretion, and gamma-glutamyltransferase and beta-glucuronidase serum activities during anticonvulsant treatment.	2002	12146576
Calcium-D-glucarate.	2002 Aug	12197785
Nontransferrin-bound iron in the plasma of haemodialysis patients after intravenous iron saccharate infusion.	2002 Mar	11886430
Induction of protein oxidation by intravenous iron in hemodialysis patients: role of inflammation.	2002 Nov	12407646
Prolonged administration over six hours of large doses of intravenous iron saccharate (500 mg) prevents severe adverse reactions in peritoneal dialysis patients.	2002 Sep-Oct	12455582
Intravenous Iron Saccharate Complex: Guidelines for its use in the Management of Anemia of Renal Disease.	2003 Apr-Jun	18209437
Effects of ascorbic acid and analogs on the activity of testicular hyaluronidase and hyaluronan lyase on hyaluronan.	2003 Aug	14567553
The management of anemia in pediatric peritoneal dialysis patients. Guidelines by an ad hoc European committee.	2003 Aug	12750985
Influence of parenteral iron preparations on non-transferrin bound iron uptake, the iron regulatory protein and the expression of ferritin and the divalent metal transporter DMT-1 in HepG2 human hepatoma cells.	2003 Jun 15	12787877
Calcium glucarate prevents tumor formation in mouse skin.	2003 Mar	12747003
Assessment of copper status in epileptic patients treated with anticonvulsant drugs by measuring the specific oxidase activity of ceruloplasmin.	2003 Oct	14642999
Relationship between PCBs in blood and D-glucaric acid in urine.	2003 Sep 15	12919720
Prevalence and outcomes of anemia in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review of the literature.	2004 Apr 5	15050885
Determination of iron sucrose (Venofer) or iron dextran (DexFerrum) removal by hemodialysis: an in-vitro study.	2004 Jan 12	14718064
AlIII ion complexes of saccharic acid and mucic acid: a solution and solid-state study.	2004 Mar 5	15007818
Beneficial effects of maintenance intravenous iron saccharate in hemodialysis patients.	2005 Apr-Jun	18202490
[Anaphylactic reaction after Fe-injection].	2005 Feb 9	15754533
Light quality influences indigo precursors production and seed germination in Isatis tinctoria L. and Isatis indigotica Fort.	2005 Jul-Aug	15745425
Hydroxyl stereochemistry and amine number within poly(glycoamidoamine)s affect intracellular DNA delivery.	2005 Mar 9	15740138
Biomarker measurements in a coastal fish-eating population environmentally exposed to organochlorines.	2005 Oct	16203240
Induction of endogenous pathways by antiepileptics and clinical implications.	2005 Oct	16176329
Recombinant human erythropoietin therapy in critically ill patients: a dose-response study [ISRCTN48523317].	2005 Oct 5	16277712
Poly(glycoamidoamine)s for gene delivery: stability of polyplexes and efficacy with cardiomyoblast cells.	2006 Jan-Feb	16417257
Esterification of select polyols with D-glucaric acid as model reactions for esterification of starch.	2006 Nov 27	16973136
Induction of apoptosis by calcium D-glucarate in 7,12-dimethyl benz [a] anthracene-exposed mouse skin.	2007	17725531
[Current recommendations for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia].	2007 Apr 4	17514929
CE characterization of potential toxic labile iron in colloidal parenteral iron formulations using off-capillary and on-capillary complexation with EDTA.	2007 Jul	17577885
Decreased valproate level caused by VPA-glucuronidase inhibition by carbapenem antibiotics.	2008 Dec	19356106
[Improvement of urinary d-glucaric acid assay and its application].	2008 Jan	18176065
Pregnancy in dialysis patients: a case series.	2008 Jan 20	18205953
Protective effects of D-glucaro-1,4-lactone against oxidative modifications in blood platelets.	2008 Jul	17933501
Metabolic characterization of loci affecting sensory attributes in tomato allows an assessment of the influence of the levels of primary metabolites and volatile organic contents.	2009	19346240
Rationale and design of the oral HEMe iron polypeptide Against Treatment with Oral Controlled Release Iron Tablets trial for the correction of anaemia in peritoneal dialysis patients (HEMATOCRIT trial).	2009 Jul 28	19635169
Convenient large-scale synthesis of D-glucaro-1,4:6,3-dilactone.	2009 Nov 6	19777999
Micro-PET imaging of beta-glucuronidase activity by the hydrophobic conversion of a glucuronide probe.	2009 Sep	19717754
Enzymatic assay of D-glucuronate using uronate dehydrogenase.	2009 Sep 15	19481054
Mild reductions in mitochondrial NAD-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase activity result in altered nitrate assimilation and pigmentation but do not impact growth.	2010 Jan	20035036

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

The recommended oral dosage of calcium salt of glucaric acid (calcium-D-glucarate) is generally in the range of 1500-3000 mg daily.

Route of Administration: Oral

In Vitro Use Guide

Unknown

Substance Class	Chemical Created by `admin` on `Mon Mar 31 19:21:42 GMT 2025` Edited by `admin` on `Mon Mar 31 19:21:42 GMT 2025`
Record UNII	QLZ991V4A2
Record Status	`Validated (UNII)`
Record Version

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Name

Type

Language

GLUCARIC ACID

Official Name

English

D-GLUCARIC ACID

Preferred Name

English

D-TETRAHYDROXYADIPIC ACID

Common Name

English

D-SACCHARIC ACID

Common Name

English

D-SACCHARATE

Common Name

English

SACCHARIC ACID

Common Name

English

D-(+)-SACCHARIC ACID

Common Name

English

GLUCARIC ACID, D-

Common Name

English

D-GLUCOSACCHARIC ACID

Common Name

English

D-GLUCARIC ACID [MI]

Common Name

English

Code System Code Type Description

CHEBI

35392