U.S. Department of Health & Human Services Divider Arrow National Institutes of Health Divider Arrow NCATS

Details

Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula C13H12Cl2O4
Molecular Weight 303.138
Optical Activity NONE
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Charge 0

SHOW SMILES / InChI
Structure of ETHACRYNIC ACID

SMILES

CCC(=C)C(=O)C1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(OCC(O)=O)C=C1

InChI

InChIKey=AVOLMBLBETYQHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C13H12Cl2O4/c1-3-7(2)13(18)8-4-5-9(12(15)11(8)14)19-6-10(16)17/h4-5H,2-3,6H2,1H3,(H,16,17)

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula C13H12Cl2O4
Molecular Weight 303.138
Charge 0
Count
Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Optical Activity NONE

Description
Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2005/16092s042,16093s044lbl.pdf

Ethacrynic acid is a monosulfonamyl loop or high ceiling diuretic. Ethacrynic acid acts on the ascending limb of the loop of Henle and on the proximal and distal tubules. Urinary output is usually dose dependent and related to the magnitude of fluid accumulation. Water and electrolyte excretion may be increased several times over that observed with thiazide diuretics, since ethacrynic acid inhibits reabsorption of a much greater proportion of filtered sodium than most other diuretic agents. Therefore, ethacrynic acid is effective in many patients who have significant degrees of renal insufficiency. Ethacrynic acid has little or no effect on glomerular filtration or on renal blood flow, except following pronounced reductions in plasma volume when associated with rapid diuresis. Ethacrynic acid inhibits symport of sodium, potassium, and chloride primarily in the ascending limb of Henle, but also in the proximal and distal tubules. This pharmacological action results in excretion of these ions, increased urinary output, and reduction in extracellular fluid. Diuretics also lower blood pressure initially by reducing plasma and extracellular fluid volume; cardiac output also decreases, explaining its antihypertensive action. Eventually, cardiac output returns to normal with an accompanying decrease in peripheral resistance. Its mode of action does not involve carbonic anhydrase inhibition. Ethacrynic acid is indicated for the treatment of high blood pressure and edema caused by diseases like congestive heart failure, liver failure, and kidney failure.

CNS Activity

Curator's Comment: Ethacrynic acid does not cross the blood-brain barrier

Approval Year

Targets

Targets

Primary TargetPharmacologyConditionPotency
Target ID: Glutathione transferases, rat liver
Target ID: P05023|||Q9UJ20
Gene ID: 476.0
Gene Symbol: ATP1A1
Target Organism: Homo sapiens (Human)
Conditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Primary
EDECRIN

Approved Use

EDECRIN is indicated for treatment of edema when an agent with greater diuretic potential than those commonly employed is required. 1. Treatment of the edema associated with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, and renal disease, including the nephrotic syndrome. 2. Short-term management of ascites due to malignancy, idiopathic edema, and lymphedema. 3. Short-term management of hospitalized pediatric patients, other than infants, with congenital heart disease or the nephrotic syndrome. 4. Intravenous SODIUM EDECRIN is indicated when a rapid onset of diuresis is desired, e.g., in acute pulmonary edema, or when gastrointestinal absorption is impaired or oral medication is not practicable.

Launch Date

-9.40032E10
Primary
EDECRIN

Approved Use

EDECRIN is indicated for treatment of edema when an agent with greater diuretic potential than those commonly employed is required. 1. Treatment of the edema associated with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis of the liver, and renal disease, including the nephrotic syndrome. 2. Short-term management of ascites due to malignancy, idiopathic edema, and lymphedema. 3. Short-term management of hospitalized pediatric patients, other than infants, with congenital heart disease or the nephrotic syndrome. 4. Intravenous SODIUM EDECRIN is indicated when a rapid onset of diuresis is desired, e.g., in acute pulmonary edema, or when gastrointestinal absorption is impaired or oral medication is not practicable.

Launch Date

-9.40032E10
Doses

Doses

DosePopulationAdverse events​
50 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral
Dose: 50 mg, 2 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 50 mg, 2 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: edema
Sex: unknown
Sources:
Disc. AE: Diarrhea...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Diarrhea (severe)
Sources:
AEs

AEs

AESignificanceDosePopulation
Diarrhea severe
Disc. AE
50 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral
Dose: 50 mg, 2 times / day
Route: oral
Route: multiple
Dose: 50 mg, 2 times / day
Sources:
unhealthy
Health Status: unhealthy
Condition: edema
Sex: unknown
Sources:
Overview

Overview

CYP3A4CYP2C9CYP2D6hERG

OverviewOther

Other InhibitorOther SubstrateOther Inducer





Drug as perpetrator​

Drug as perpetrator​

TargetModalityActivityMetaboliteClinical evidence
yes [IC50 0.58 uM]
yes [IC50 121 uM]
yes [IC50 29.6 uM]
yes [IC50 8.76 uM]
Drug as victim

Drug as victim

Sourcing

Sourcing

Vendor/AggregatorIDURL
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
Ethacrynic acid-induced convulsions and brain neurotransmitters in mice.
1992 Oct 6
The glutathione system in alkylator resistance.
2002
A putative role for S-nitrosoglutathione as the source of nitric oxide in photorelaxation of the mouse gastric fundus.
2002 Aug 30
Chinchilla models of selective cochlear hair cell loss.
2002 Dec
Rapid spectrophotometric method for serum glutathione S-transferases activity.
2002 Dec
Effects of glutathione S-transferase inhibitors on nitroglycerin action in pig isolated coronary arteries.
2002 Dec
Disparity between ionic mediators of volume regulation and apoptosis in N1E 115 mouse neuroblastoma cells.
2002 Jul 12
Purification and characterization of a novel glutathione S-transferase from Asaphis dichotoma.
2002 Jul 15
Nipradilol induces vasodilation of canine isolated posterior ciliary artery via stimulation of the guanylyl cyclase-cGMP pathway.
2002 Jul 26
[The role of thiol oxidants in inhibition of pancreatic exocrine secretory function and glutathione].
2002 May
Intra-cochlear administration of dexamethasone attenuates aminoglycoside ototoxicity in the guinea pig.
2002 May
Glutathione S-transferase of the malarial parasite Plasmodium falciparum: characterization of a potential drug target.
2002 May
Influence of temperature, pH, oxygenation, water-type and substrate on biomarker responses in the freshwater clam Corbicula fluminea (Müller).
2002 May
A possible effect of sulfhydryl reagents on the contractile activity of the rat detrusor muscle.
2002 May 10
Combined effects of cadmium and nickel on testicular xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in rats.
2002 Nov
Inhibition of the multidrug resistance protein 1 (MRP1) by peptidomimetic glutathione-conjugate analogs.
2002 Nov
Complementary DNA cloning, protein expression, and characterization of alpha-class GSTs from Macaca fascicularis liver.
2002 Nov
Ethacrynic acid rapidly and selectively abolishes blood flow in vessels supplying the lateral wall of the cochlea.
2002 Nov
Induction of cytosolic glutathione S-transferases from Atlantic eel (Anguilla Anguilla) after intraperitoneal treatment with polychlorinated biphenyls.
2002 Oct 7
Cloning and expression of a novel Mu class murine glutathione transferase isoenzyme.
2002 Sep 15
Interaction between metamizol and tramadol in a model of acute visceral pain in rats.
2003
Effect of ethacrynic acid on sodium pump alpha isoforms in SH-SY5Y cells.
2003 Apr
Characterization of the electrophile binding site and substrate binding mode of the 26-kDa glutathione S-transferase from Schistosoma japonicum.
2003 Apr 1
Changes in cell proliferation in rat and guinea pig cochlea after aminoglycoside-induced damage.
2003 Aug 28
Interplay between MRP inhibition and metabolism of MRP inhibitors: the case of curcumin.
2003 Dec
Cytosolic and mitochondrial glutathione in microglial cells are differentially affected by oxidative/nitrosative stress.
2003 Feb
Substrate specificity of mouse aldo-keto reductase AKR7A5.
2003 Feb 1
Ethacrynic acid and the sulfa-sensitive patient.
2003 Jan 13
Engineering a new C-terminal tail in the H-site of human glutathione transferase P1-1: structural and functional consequences.
2003 Jan 3
Exploration of in vitro pro-drug activation and futile cycling by glutathione S-transferases: thiol ester hydrolysis and inhibitor maturation.
2003 Jun 15
Coffee diterpenes prevent benzo[a]pyrene genotoxicity in rat and human culture systems.
2003 Jun 27
A novel Cl- inward-rectifying current in the plasma membrane of the calcifying marine phytoplankton Coccolithus pelagicus.
2003 Mar
A photosensitive vascular smooth muscle store of nitric oxide in mouse aorta: no dependence on expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase.
2003 Mar
Mitochondrial dysfunction and death in motor neurons exposed to the glutathione-depleting agent ethacrynic acid.
2003 Mar 15
Characterization of an ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 activity in alkaline phosphatase-depleted rat osseous plate membranes: possible functional involvement in the calcification process.
2003 Mar 21
Modulation of pumpkin glutathione S-transferases by aldehydes and related compounds.
2003 May
Neurotrophic factor effects on oxidative stress-induced neuronal death.
2003 May
Analysis of energy metabolism and mechanism of loop diuretics in the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop in dog kidneys.
2003 May
Ethacrynic acid can be effective for refractory congestive heart failure and ascites.
2003 Nov
Late dosing with ethacrynic acid can reduce gentamicin concentration in perilymph and protect cochlear hair cells.
2003 Nov
Improved neural representation of vowels in electric stimulation using desynchronizing pulse trains.
2003 Oct
Desynchronization of electrically evoked auditory-nerve activity by high-frequency pulse trains of long duration.
2003 Oct
Characterization of cell death induced by ethacrynic acid in a human colon cancer cell line DLD-1 and suppression by N-acetyl-L-cysteine.
2003 Oct
Continuous administration of antisense oligonucleotides to c-fos reduced the development of seizure susceptibility after ethacrynic acid-induced seizure in mice.
2003 Sep 25
Characterization and molecular cloning of a glutathione S-transferase from the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae).
2004 Apr
Glutathione S-transferases and esterases in placenta after normal and pre-eclamptic pregnancies.
2004 Apr
Inhibition of glucose-induced electrical activity in rat pancreatic beta-cells by DCPIB, a selective inhibitor of volume-sensitive anion currents.
2004 Apr 5
The influence of anti-irritants on captopril hydrophilic gel.
2004 Feb
Co-administration of kanamycin and ethacrynic acid as a deafening method for acute animal experiments.
2004 Jan
Interactions of human organic anion transporters with diuretics.
2004 Mar
Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide
Curator's Comment: Can also be used iv: The usual intravenous dose for the average sized adult is 50 mg, or 0.5 to 1.0 mg per kg of body weight. Usually only one dose has been necessary; occasionally a second dose at a new injection site, to avoid possible thrombophlebitis, may be required. A single intravenous dose not exceeding 100 mg has been used in critical situations
Dosage: To Initiate Diuresis In Adults: The smallest dose required to produce gradual weight loss (about 1 to 2 pounds per day) is recommended. Onset of diuresis usually occurs at 50 to 100 mg for adults. After diuresis has been achieved, the minimally effective dose (usually from 50 to 200 mg daily) may be given on a continuous or intermittent dosage schedule.
Route of Administration: Oral
Ethacrynic acid (10uM) induced both apoptosis and necroptosis in primary CLL cells.
Substance Class Chemical
Created
by admin
on Sun Dec 18 21:00:26 UTC 2022
Edited
by admin
on Sun Dec 18 21:00:26 UTC 2022
Record UNII
M5DP350VZV
Record Status Validated (UNII)
Record Version
  • Download
Name Type Language
ETHACRYNIC ACID
HSDB   MI   ORANGE BOOK   USAN   USP   USP-RS   VANDF  
USAN  
Official Name English
[2,3-Dichloro-4-(2-methylenebutyryl)phenoxy]acetic acid
Systematic Name English
ETACRYNIC ACID [EP IMPURITY]
Common Name English
ETHACRYNIC ACID [USAN]
Common Name English
ETHACRYNIC ACID [HSDB]
Common Name English
Etacrynic acid [WHO-DD]
Common Name English
2-(2,3-DICHLORO-4-(2-METHYLENE-1-OXOBUTYL)PHENOXY)ACETIC ACID
Systematic Name English
MK-595
Code English
4-(METHYLENEBUTYRYL)-2,3-DICHLOROPHENOXY)ACETIC ACID
Common Name English
ETACRYNIC ACID [EP MONOGRAPH]
Common Name English
ACETIC ACID, (2,3-DICHLORO-4-(2-METHYLENE-1-OXOBUTYL)PHENOXY)-
Common Name English
2,3-DICHLORO-4-(2-METHYLENEBUTYRYL)PHENOXY)ACETATE
Common Name English
NSC-85791
Code English
ETHACRYNIC ACID [MI]
Common Name English
etacrynic acid [INN]
Common Name English
ETACRYNIC ACID [MART.]
Common Name English
ETHACRYNIC ACID [VANDF]
Common Name English
ETHACRYNATE
Common Name English
ETHACRYNIC ACID [USP MONOGRAPH]
Common Name English
ETACRYNIC ACID [JAN]
Common Name English
ETHACRYNIC ACID [ORANGE BOOK]
Common Name English
NSC-624008
Code English
EDECRIN
Brand Name English
ETACRYNIC ACID
EP   INN   MART.   WHO-DD  
INN  
Official Name English
Classification Tree Code System Code
NCI_THESAURUS C49184
Created by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022
WHO-VATC QC03CC01
Created by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022
WHO-ATC C03CC01
Created by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022
LIVERTOX 380
Created by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022
NDF-RT N0000175590
Created by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022
NDF-RT N0000175366
Created by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022
Code System Code Type Description
HSDB
2136
Created by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
INN
1651
Created by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
CHEBI
4876
Created by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
DRUG CENTRAL
1071
Created by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
DRUG BANK
DB00903
Created by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
NCI_THESAURUS
C485
Created by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
RXCUI
62349
Created by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022
ALTERNATIVE
DAILYMED
M5DP350VZV
Created by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
NSC
85791
Created by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
RS_ITEM_NUM
1256004
Created by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
ECHA (EC/EINECS)
200-384-1
Created by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
IUPHAR
7179
Created by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
MESH
D004976
Created by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
WIKIPEDIA
ETACRYNIC ACID
Created by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
CAS
58-54-8
Created by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
ChEMBL
CHEMBL456
Created by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
NSC
624008
Created by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
EVMPD
SUB07255MIG
Created by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
PUBCHEM
3278
Created by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
RXCUI
4109
Created by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
FDA UNII
M5DP350VZV
Created by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
MERCK INDEX
M5042
Created by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022
PRIMARY Merck Index
EPA CompTox
DTXSID3025257
Created by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
LACTMED
Ethacrynic Acid
Created by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022 , Edited by admin on Sun Dec 18 21:00:28 UTC 2022
PRIMARY
Related Record Type Details
DEGRADENT -> PARENT
SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT
DEGRADENT -> PARENT
TRANSPORTER -> INHIBITOR
TRANSPORTER -> INHIBITOR
TARGET -> INHIBITOR
POTENCY
SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT
TRANSPORTER -> INHIBITOR
TRANSPORTER -> INHIBITOR
Related Record Type Details
METABOLITE -> PARENT
MAJOR
Related Record Type Details
IMPURITY -> PARENT
CHROMATOGRAPHIC PURITY (HPLC/UV)
EP
IMPURITY -> PARENT
CHROMATOGRAPHIC PURITY (HPLC/UV)
EP
IMPURITY -> PARENT
CHROMATOGRAPHIC PURITY (HPLC/UV)
EP
Related Record Type Details
ACTIVE MOIETY