Details
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Molecular Formula | C18H29O2.Na |
Molecular Weight | 300.4114 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 3 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
[Na+].CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O
InChI
InChIKey=UNZSHUCNBUBSGW-IFNWOZJISA-M
InChI=1S/C18H30O2.Na/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18(19)20;/h3-4,6-7,9-10H,2,5,8,11-17H2,1H3,(H,19,20);/q;+1/p-1/b4-3-,7-6-,10-9-;
Molecular Formula | Na |
Molecular Weight | 22.9898 |
Charge | 1 |
Count |
|
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Additional Stereochemistry | No |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Molecular Formula | C18H29O2 |
Molecular Weight | 277.4217 |
Charge | -1 |
Count |
|
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Additional Stereochemistry | No |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 3 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), an 18-carbon omega-3 essential fatty acid, is the precursor of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). ALA cannot be synthesized by humans and therefore must be entirely acquired from exogenous sources. Evidence for the essentiality of ALA was first provided by a study showing that ALA supplementation reversed the abnormal neurologic signs observed in a 6-year-old girl who suffered from sensory loss and visual complications. Most of the ALA is catabolized via beta-oxidation for energy generation, and a small proportion of it undergoes conversion to produce another two potent members of omega-3 PUFA family: EPA and DHA. Delta 6 desaturase (D6D) enzyme is responsible the conversion of ALA to DHA. Although not conclusive, it was suggested, that the benefits associated with ALA seem to stem mainly from EPA and DHA, and as major consequence of ALA deficiency it appears that EPA and DHA are not adequately produced.
Approval Year
Targets
Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
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Target ID: O60427|||Q96SV3 Gene ID: 3992.0 Gene Symbol: FADS1 Target Organism: Homo sapiens (Human) Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17409318 |
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Target ID: O95864 Gene ID: 9415.0 Gene Symbol: FADS2 Target Organism: Homo sapiens (Human) Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17409318 |
Conditions
Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
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Curative | Intralipid Approved UseIntralipid® 10% is indicated as a source of calories and essential fatty acids for patients requiring parenteral nutrition for extended periods of time (usually for more than 5 days) and as a source of essential fatty acids for prevention of EFAD. Launch Date1996 |
PubMed
Title | Date | PubMed |
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Fatty acids and fibrates are potent inducers of transcription of the phosphenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene in adipocytes. | 1995 Dec 1 |
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Effect of dietary alpha-linolenic acid on thrombotic risk factors in vegetarian men. | 1999 May |
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Importance of n-3 fatty acids in health and disease. | 2000 Jan |
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Short-term supplementation of low-dose gamma-linolenic acid (GLA), alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), or GLA plus ALA does not augment LCP omega 3 status of Dutch vegans to an appreciable extent. | 2000 Nov |
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A human cell surface receptor activated by free fatty acids and thiazolidinedione drugs. | 2003 Feb 7 |
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Free fatty acids regulate insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells through GPR40. | 2003 Mar 13 |
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The orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR40 is activated by medium and long chain fatty acids. | 2003 Mar 28 |
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Dietary alpha-linolenic acid reduces COX-2 expression and induces apoptosis of hepatoma cells. | 2004 Feb |
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Free fatty acids regulate gut incretin glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion through GPR120. | 2005 Jan |
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Effect of a sustained reduction in plasma free fatty acid concentration on intramuscular long-chain fatty Acyl-CoAs and insulin action in type 2 diabetic patients. | 2005 Nov |
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Differential effects of long-chain fatty acids and clofibrate on gene expression profiles in cardiomyocytes. | 2008 Jan |
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Changing ratios of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids can differentially modulate polychlorinated biphenyl toxicity in endothelial cells. | 2008 Mar 10 |
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Cross-talk between vitamin D receptor (VDR)- and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-signaling in melanoma cells. | 2009 Sep |
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Activation of the nuclear receptor PPARγ by metabolites isolated from sage (Salvia officinalis L.). | 2010 Oct 28 |
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PKC activation by resveratrol derivatives with unsaturated aliphatic chain. | 2012 |
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Repeated systemic administration of the nutraceutical alpha-linolenic acid exerts neuroprotective efficacy, an antidepressant effect and improves cognitive performance when given after soman exposure. | 2015 Dec |
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Association of serum aryl hydrocarbon receptor activity and RBC omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with flow-mediated dilation in healthy, young Hispanic cigarette smokers. | 2015 Jan 22 |
Patents
Sample Use Guides
In Vivo Use Guide
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25889793
It was examined the effect of the oral consumption of α-Linolenic acid (ALA) on blood levels of BDNF and Malondialdehyde (MDA) in healthy adult humans. 30 healthy volunteers, 15 men and 15 women, were selected randomly. During the experiment, each individual was given 3 oral capsules of flaxseed oil, containing 500mg of alpha linolenic acid, daily for one week. Then, plasma levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factors (BDNF) and MDA were tested.
Route of Administration:
Oral
In Vitro Use Guide
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28520897
It was examined the effects of omega-3 alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) during in vitro oocyte maturation (IVM) in the presence of PSO on subsequent embryo development and quality, and the cellular mechanisms that might be involved. Bovine cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) were supplemented during IVM with ALA (50 μM), PSO (425 μM), or PSO+ALA. Compared with FFA-free controls (P < 0.05), PSO increased embryo fragmentation and decreased good quality embryos on Day 2 post-fertilization. Day 7 blastocyst rate was also reduced. Day 8 blastocysts had lower cell counts and higher apoptosis but normal metabolic profile. It was found, that adding ALA in the presence of PSO normalised embryo fragmentation, cleavage, blastocyst rates and blastocyst quality compared to controls (P > 0.05). Combined treatment with ALA also reduced CC apoptosis, partially recovered CC expansion, abrogated the reduction in MMP in the CCs but not in the oocytes, and reduced BiP and HSP70 expression in CCs, compared with PSO only (P < 0.05). In conclusion, ALA supplementation protected oocyte developmental capacity under lipotoxic conditions mainly by protecting cumulus cell viability.
Substance Class |
Chemical
Created
by
admin
on
Edited
Fri Dec 15 18:39:45 GMT 2023
by
admin
on
Fri Dec 15 18:39:45 GMT 2023
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Record UNII |
I5OYY436YI
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Record Status |
Validated (UNII)
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Record Version |
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Related Record | Type | Details | ||
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PARENT -> SALT/SOLVATE |