Details
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Molecular Formula | C7H16NO2.Cl |
Molecular Weight | 181.66 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
[Cl-].CC(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C
InChI
InChIKey=JUGOREOARAHOCO-UHFFFAOYSA-M
InChI=1S/C7H16NO2.ClH/c1-7(9)10-6-5-8(2,3)4;/h5-6H2,1-4H3;1H/q+1;/p-1
Molecular Formula | C7H16NO2 |
Molecular Weight | 146.2074 |
Charge | 1 |
Count |
|
Stereochemistry | RACEMIC |
Additional Stereochemistry | No |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Molecular Formula | ClH |
Molecular Weight | 36.461 |
Charge | 0 |
Count |
|
Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
Additional Stereochemistry | No |
Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Optical Activity | NONE |
Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter at neuromuscular junctions, at synapses in the ganglia of the visceral motor system, and at a variety of sites within the central nervous system. Whereas a great deal is known about the function of cholinergic transmission at the neuromuscular junction and at ganglionic synapses, the actions of acetylcholine in the central nervous system are not as well understood. Cholinergic system is an important system and a branch of the autonomic nervous system which plays an important role in memory, digestion, control of heart beat, blood pressure, movement and many other functions. Acetylcholine in the brain alters neuronal excitability, influences synaptic transmission, induces synaptic plasticity, and coordinates firing of groups of neurons. Miochol®-E (acetylcholine chloride intraocular solution) is used to obtain miosis of the iris in seconds after delivery of the lens in cataract surgery, in penetrating keratoplasty, iridectomy and other anterior segment surgery where rapid miosis may be required.
Originator
Approval Year
Targets
Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
---|---|---|---|
Target ID: CHEMBL220 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28503857 |
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Target ID: CHEMBL2094109 |
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Target ID: CHEMBL2362997 |
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Target ID: CHEMBL2221346 |
Conditions
Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
---|---|---|---|---|
Preventing | MIOCHOL-E Approved UseTo obtain miosis of the iris in seconds after delivery of the lens in cataract surgery, in penetrating keratoplasty, iridectomy and other anterior segment surgery where rapid miosis may be required Launch Date7.48656E11 |
Overview
CYP3A4 | CYP2C9 | CYP2D6 | hERG |
---|---|---|---|
Drug as perpetrator
Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11160873/ Page: 6.0 |
yes |
Drug as victim
Target | Modality | Activity | Metabolite | Clinical evidence |
---|---|---|---|---|
Page: 1.0 |
major | |||
Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22206629/ Page: 1.0 |
yes |
PubMed
Title | Date | PubMed |
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Conversion of the ion selectivity of the 5-HT(3a) receptor from cationic to anionic reveals a conserved feature of the ligand-gated ion channel superfamily. | 2001 Apr 6 |
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Anti-neuronal nicotinic receptor antibodies in MG patients with thymoma. | 2001 Feb 1 |
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Lymphotoxin-alpha deficiency completely protects C57BL/6 mice from developing clinical experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis. | 2001 Feb 1 |
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Interleukin 10 aggravates experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis through inducing Th2 and B cell responses to AChR. | 2001 Feb 1 |
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Projections and pathways of VIP- and nNOS-containing airway neurons in ferret trachea. | 2001 Jan |
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Arterial remodeling in chronic sinoaortic-denervated rats. | 2001 Jan |
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Effects of LY117018 and the estrogen analogue, 17alpha-ethinylestradiol, on vascular reactivity, platelet aggregation, and lipid metabolism in the insulin-resistant JCR:LA-cp male rat: role of nitric oxide. | 2001 Jan |
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Rapid eye movement sleep deprivation induces an increase in acetylcholinesterase activity in discrete rat brain regions. | 2001 Jan |
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Coronary endothelial dysfunction after ischemia and reperfusion: a new therapeutic target? | 2001 Jan |
|
Dynamic restoration of dystrophin to dystrophin-deficient myotubes. | 2001 Jan |
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Effect of dietary vitamin E supplementation on vascular reactivity of thoracic aorta in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. | 2001 Jan |
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Association study of a nicotinic receptor variant with schizophrenic disorders. | 2001 Jan |
|
Platelet-derived growth factor is involved in the augmentation of airway responsiveness through remodeling of airways in diesel exhaust particulate-treated mice. | 2001 Jan |
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An altered peptide ligand inhibits the activities of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and phospholipase C, and inhibits T cell interactions with VCAM-1 induced in vivo by a myasthenogenic T cell epitope. | 2001 Jan |
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Obesity and body fat distribution induce endothelial dysfunction by oxidative stress: protective effect of vitamin C. | 2001 Jan |
|
Nicotinic agonists stimulate acetylcholine release from mouse interpeduncular nucleus: a function mediated by a different nAChR than dopamine release from striatum. | 2001 Jan |
|
Mechanical efficiency of isolated in situ perfused hearts of the eel Anguilla australis. | 2001 Jan |
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Impaired renal vascular endothelial function in vitro in experimental hypercholesterolemia. | 2001 Jan |
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Anti-oxidative properties of fluvastatin, an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, contribute to prevention of atherosclerosis in cholesterol-fed rabbits. | 2001 Jan |
|
Exercise and the endothelium. | 2001 Jan |
|
Ischemic preconditioning with opening of mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium channels or Na/H exchange inhibition: which is the best protective strategy for heart transplants? | 2001 Jan |
|
Cortical acetylcholine release elicited by stimulation of histamine H1 receptors in the nucleus basalis magnocellularis: a dual-probe microdialysis study in the freely moving rat. | 2001 Jan |
|
Extracellular cyclic ADP-ribose potentiates ACh-induced contraction in bovine tracheal smooth muscle. | 2001 Jan |
|
Specification of neurotransmitter receptor identity in developing retina: the chick ATH5 promoter integrates the positive and negative effects of several bHLH proteins. | 2001 Jan |
|
Environmental familiarization in rats: differential effects of acute and chronic nicotine. | 2001 Jan |
|
Influence of gender and sex hormones on nicotine acute pharmacological effects in mice. | 2001 Jan |
|
A new hypoglycemic agent, JTT-608, evokes protein kinase A-mediated Ca(2+) signaling in rat islet beta-cells: strict regulation by glucose, link to insulin release, and cooperation with glucagon-like peptide-1(7-36)amide and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide. | 2001 Jan |
|
Adrenal tyrosine hydroxylase activity and gene expression are increased by intraventricular administration of nicotine. | 2001 Jan |
|
Myocardial stunning in exercise-induced ischemia in dogs: lack of late preconditioning. | 2001 Jan |
|
Glutathione attenuates coronary constriction to acetylcholine in patients with coronary spastic angina. | 2001 Jan |
|
Vagosympathetic interactions in ischemia-induced myocardial norepinephrine and acetylcholine release. | 2001 Jan |
|
Electrical activation of endothelium evokes vasodilation and hyperpolarization along hamster feed arteries. | 2001 Jan |
|
beta-Amyloid(1-42) peptide directly modulates nicotinic receptors in the rat hippocampal slice. | 2001 Jan 1 |
|
A noninvasive measurement of reactive hyperemia that can be used to assess resistance artery endothelial function in humans. | 2001 Jan 1 |
|
Bi-directional activation between human airway smooth muscle cells and T lymphocytes: role in induction of altered airway responsiveness. | 2001 Jan 1 |
|
Allergen-specific Th1 cells counteract efferent Th2 cell-dependent bronchial hyperresponsiveness and eosinophilic inflammation partly via IFN-gamma. | 2001 Jan 1 |
|
Nicotine prevents striatal dopamine loss produced by 6-hydroxydopamine lesion in the substantia nigra. | 2001 Jan 12 |
|
Post-ictal analgesia: involvement of opioid, serotoninergic and cholinergic mechanisms. | 2001 Jan 12 |
|
Changes in sensitivity of cholinoceptors and adrenoceptors during transhemispheric cortical reorganisation in rat SmI. | 2001 Jan 12 |
|
Exercise training in coronary artery disease and coronary vasomotion. | 2001 Jan 2 |
|
Role of calcium-sensitive K(+) channels and nitric oxide in in vivo coronary vasodilation from enhanced perfusion pulsatility. | 2001 Jan 2 |
|
exo-2-(Pyridazin-4-yl)-7-azabicyclo[2.2.1]heptanes: syntheses and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist activity of potent pyridazine analogues of (+/-)-epibatidine. | 2001 Jan 4 |
|
Antagonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) enhances formalin-induced nociception in rats: tonic role of nAChRs in the control of pain following injury. | 2001 Jan 5 |
|
Aversive hypothalamic stimulation releases acetylcholine in the nucleus accumbens, and stimulation-escape decreases it. | 2001 Jan 5 |
|
Combined pre- and postsynaptic action of IgG antibodies in Miller Fisher syndrome. | 2001 Jan 9 |
|
Site of resting state inhibition of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor by a hydrophobic inhibitor. | 2001 Jan 9 |
|
Responder characteristics to a single oral dose of cholinesterase inhibitor: a double-blind placebo-controlled study with tacrine in Alzheimer patients. | 2001 Jan-Feb |
|
Gyroxin fails to modify in vitro release of labelled dopamine and acetylcholine from rat and mouse striatal tissue. | 2001 Jun |
|
Functional reconstitution and characterization of recombinant human alpha 1-glycine receptors. | 2001 Jun 15 |
|
Identification of a basolateral sorting signal for the M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. | 2001 Mar 30 |
Patents
Sample Use Guides
Miochol®-E (acetylcholine chloride intraocular solution) is instilled into the anterior chamber before or after securing one or more sutures. Instillation should be gentle and parallel to the iris face and tangential to pupil border. If there are no mechanical hindrances, the pupil starts to constrict in seconds and the peripheral iris is drawn away from the angle of the anterior chamber. Any anatomical hindrance to miosis must be released to permit the desired effect of the drug. In most cases, 0.5 to 2 mL produces satisfactory miosis. Note that the syringe filter supplied with Miochol-E has a priming volume of 0.6 mL (approximately). In cataract surgery, use Miochol-E only after delivery of the lens. Aqueous solutions of acetylcholine chloride are unstable. Prepare solution immediately before use. Do not use solution which is not clear and colorless. Discard any solution that has not been used.
Route of Administration:
Other
In Vitro Use Guide
Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26049030
Keratocytes were treated with various concentrations of acetylcholine (0.01-1 uM) for 24 h. Acetylcholine enhances keratocyte proliferation through activation of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors.
Substance Class |
Chemical
Created
by
admin
on
Edited
Sat Dec 16 16:43:15 UTC 2023
by
admin
on
Sat Dec 16 16:43:15 UTC 2023
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Record UNII |
AF73293C2R
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Record Status |
Validated (UNII)
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Record Version |
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NCI_THESAURUS |
C47796
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438
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m1352
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1008501
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C47382
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100000084619
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CHEMBL667
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DBSALT002814
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Related Record | Type | Details | ||
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BASIS OF STRENGTH->SUBSTANCE |
ASSAY (TITRATION)
EP
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PARENT -> SALT/SOLVATE | |||
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BASIS OF STRENGTH->SUBSTANCE |
ASSAY (TITRATION)
USP
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CONSTITUENT ALWAYS PRESENT -> PARENT |
ASSAY (TITRATION)
USP
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IMPURITY -> PARENT |
CHROMATOGRAPHIC PURITY (TLC)
EP
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IMPURITY -> PARENT |
CHROMATOGRAPHIC PURITY (TLC)
EP
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IMPURITY -> PARENT |
CHROMATOGRAPHIC PURITY (TLC)
EP
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ACTIVE MOIETY |