U.S. Department of Health & Human Services Divider Arrow National Institutes of Health Divider Arrow NCATS

Details

Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula C20H30O2
Molecular Weight 302.451
Optical Activity NONE
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 5
Charge 0

SHOW SMILES / InChI
Structure of ICOSAPENT

SMILES

CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O

InChI

InChIKey=JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-JLNKQSITSA-N
InChI=1S/C20H30O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-20(21)22/h3-4,6-7,9-10,12-13,15-16H,2,5,8,11,14,17-19H2,1H3,(H,21,22)/b4-3-,7-6-,10-9-,13-12-,16-15-

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula C20H30O2
Molecular Weight 302.451
Charge 0
Count
Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 5
Optical Activity NONE

Description
Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2012/202057Orig1s000Lbl.pdf

Icosapent is an important polyunsaturated fatty acid found in fish oils. It serves as the precursor for the prostaglandin-3 and thromboxane-3 families. A diet rich in eicosapentaenoic acid lowers serum lipid concentration, reduces incidence of cardiovascular disorders, prevents platelet aggregation, and inhibits arachidonic acid conversion into the thromboxane-2 and prostaglandin-2 families. EPA can be used for lowering elevated triglycerides in those who are hyperglyceridemic. In addition, EPA may play a therapeutic role in patients with cystic fibrosis by reducing disease severity and may play a similar role in type 2 diabetics in slowing the progression of diabetic nephropathy.

Approval Year

Targets

Targets

Primary TargetPharmacologyConditionPotency
2.5 µM [IC50]
35.0 µM [IC50]
247.5 µM [Ki]
Target ID: Receptor-mediated non-selective cation current (Icat)
7.0 µM [IC50]
Conditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Primary
Vascepa

Approved Use

Indicated as an adjunct to diet to reduce triglyceride (TG) levels in adult patients with severe (≥ 500 mg/dL) hypertriglyceridemia.

Launch Date

2012
Primary
Unknown

Approved Use

Unknown
Primary
Unknown

Approved Use

Unknown
Cmax

Cmax

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
347 μg/mL
4 g 2 times / day steady-state, oral
dose: 4 g
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: STEADY-STATE
co-administered:
ICOSAPENT plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
AUC

AUC

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
6.519 μg × h/mL
4 g 2 times / day steady-state, oral
dose: 4 g
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: STEADY-STATE
co-administered:
ICOSAPENT plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
T1/2

T1/2

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
89 h
4 g 2 times / day steady-state, oral
dose: 4 g
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: STEADY-STATE
co-administered:
ICOSAPENT plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
Funbound

Funbound

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
1%
4 g 2 times / day steady-state, oral
dose: 4 g
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: STEADY-STATE
co-administered:
ICOSAPENT plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: FEMALE / MALE
food status: FED
Overview

Overview

CYP3A4CYP2C9CYP2D6hERG



Drug as perpetrator​

Drug as perpetrator​

TargetModalityActivityMetaboliteClinical evidence
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no
no (co-administration study)
Comment: Vascepa did not affect the AUC or Cmax of exposure of racemic warfarin; https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2019/202057s035lbl.pdf
Page: 27.0
no
no (co-administration study)
Comment: Vascepa did not affect the AUC or Cmax of exposure of atorvastatin; https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2019/202057s035lbl.pdf
Page: 27.0
weak [IC50 12.8 uM]
no (co-administration study)
Comment: Vascepa did not affect the AUC or Cmax of exposure of rosiglitazone; https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2019/202057s035lbl.pdf
Page: 27;28
weak [IC50 14 uM]
weak [IC50 14 uM]
no (co-administration study)
Comment: Vascepa did not affect the AUC or Cmax of exposure of racemic warfarin; https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2019/202057s035lbl.pdf
Page: 27;28
weak [IC50 8.4 uM]
no (co-administration study)
Comment: Vascepa did not affect the AUC or Cmax of exposure of omeprazole; https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2019/202057s035lbl.pdf
Page: 27;28
yes [Inhibition 1 uM]
Drug as victim
Sourcing

Sourcing

Vendor/AggregatorIDURL
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
Effect of omega-3 fatty acid oxidation products on the cellular and mitochondrial toxicity of BDE 47.
2015-06
Group VIA Phospholipase A2 (iPLA2β) Modulates Bcl-x 5'-Splice Site Selection and Suppresses Anti-apoptotic Bcl-x(L) in β-Cells.
2015-04-24
Fatty acids binding to human serum albumin: Changes of reactivity and glycation level of Cysteine-34 free thiol group with methylglyoxal.
2014-12-05
Fish oil and fenofibrate prevented phosphorylation-dependent hepatic sortilin 1 degradation in Western diet-fed mice.
2014-08-08
Astaxanthin and omega-3 fatty acids individually and in combination protect against oxidative stress via the Nrf2-ARE pathway.
2013-12
Effects of cannabinoids and related fatty acids upon the viability of P19 embryonal carcinoma cells.
2013-11
Elevated blood pressure in cytochrome P4501A1 knockout mice is associated with reduced vasodilation to omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.
2012-11-01
Eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid inhibit macrophage-induced gastric cancer cell migration by attenuating the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 10.
2012-11
Additive, antagonistic, and synergistic effects of procyanidins and polyunsaturated fatty acids over inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophages activated by lipopolysaccharide.
2012-04
A cardiac-specific robotized cellular assay identified families of human ligands as inducers of PGC-1α expression and mitochondrial biogenesis.
2012
Eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester (AMR101) therapy in patients with very high triglyceride levels (from the Multi-center, plAcebo-controlled, Randomized, double-blINd, 12-week study with an open-label Extension [MARINE] trial).
2011-09-01
Protective effects of eicosapentaenoic acid on genotoxicity and oxidative stress of cyclophosphamide in mice.
2011-06
Eicosapentaenoic acid reduces warfarin-induced arterial calcification in rats.
2011-03
Omega-3 fatty acid oxidation products prevent vascular endothelial cell activation by coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls.
2011-02-15
Eicosapentaenoic acid and rosiglitazone increase adiponectin in an additive and PPARγ-dependent manner in human adipocytes.
2011-02
Ethyl-eicosapentaenoate modulates changes in neurochemistry and brain lipids induced by parkinsonian neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium in mouse brain slices.
2010-12-15
Docosahexaenoic acid increases cellular adiponectin mRNA and secreted adiponectin protein, as well as PPARγ mRNA, in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
2010-12
Eicosapentaenoic acid up-regulates apelin secretion and gene expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
2010-05
Relationship between fish intake, n-3 fatty acids, mercury and risk markers of CHD (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2002).
2009-08
n-3 fatty acids and rosiglitazone improve insulin sensitivity through additive stimulatory effects on muscle glycogen synthesis in mice fed a high-fat diet.
2009-05
n3 and n6 polyunsaturated fatty acids differentially modulate prostaglandin E secretion but not markers of lipogenesis in adipocytes.
2009-01-21
Growth inhibition and induction of apoptosis of colon cancer cell lines by applying marine phospholipid.
2009
PPARalpha-mediated effects of dietary lipids on intestinal barrier gene expression.
2008-05-19
Down-regulation of alpha-amino-beta-carboxymuconate-epsilon-semialdehyde decarboxylase by polyunsaturated fatty acids in hepatocytes is not mediated by PPARalpha.
2008-03
Unsaturated fatty acids suppress the expression of the ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1) and ABCA1 genes via an LXR/RXR responsive element.
2007-03
Intake of fish oil, oleic acid, folic acid, and vitamins B-6 and E for 1 year decreases plasma C-reactive protein and reduces coronary heart disease risk factors in male patients in a cardiac rehabilitation program.
2007-02
TRPV1 is a novel target for omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.
2007-01-15
The inhibitory effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids on human CYP enzymes.
2006-11-25
Conjugated linoleic acid, unlike other unsaturated fatty acids, strongly induces glutathione synthesis without any lipoperoxidation.
2006-11
Attenuation of mycotoxin-induced IgA nephropathy by eicosapentaenoic acid in the mouse: dose response and relation to IL-6 expression.
2006-10
Alpha-tocopherol [corrected] and ascorbic acid attenuates the ribavirin [corrected] induced decrease of eicosapentaenoic acid in erythrocyte membrane in chronic hepatitis C patients.
2006-08
Mechanism of induction of muscle protein degradation by angiotensin II.
2006-07
A phase II study with antioxidants, both in the diet and supplemented, pharmaconutritional support, progestagen, and anti-cyclooxygenase-2 showing efficacy and safety in patients with cancer-related anorexia/cachexia and oxidative stress.
2006-05
Photoprotective and anti-skin-aging effects of eicosapentaenoic acid in human skin in vivo.
2006-05
Eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5 n-3) increases fatty acid and glucose uptake in cultured human skeletal muscle cells.
2006-02
Omega-3 fatty acids inhibit an increase of proinflammatory cytokines in patients with active Crohn's disease compared with omega-6 fatty acids.
2005-12
Eicosapentaenoic acid inhibits UV-induced MMP-1 expression in human dermal fibroblasts.
2005-08
COX-2 inhibitors and metabolism of essential fatty acids.
2005-07
Fatty acids and expression of adipokines.
2005-05-30
Resolvin E1, an endogenous lipid mediator derived from omega-3 eicosapentaenoic acid, protects against 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis.
2005-05-24
Modulation in vitro of human natural cytotoxicity, lymphocyte proliferative response to mitogens and cytokine production by essential fatty acids.
1997-10
Dietary fish oil decreases superoxide generation by human neutrophils: relation to cyclooxygenase pathway and lysosomal enzyme release.
1996-09
The mechanism of inhibitory effect of eicosapentaenoic acid on phagocytic activity and chemotaxis of human neutrophil granulocytes.
1996-06
Thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography for the assay of fatty acid compositions of individual phospholipids in platelets from non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients: effect of eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester administration.
1996-03-03
Regulation of rat liver apolipoprotein A-I, apolipoprotein A-II and acyl-coenzyme A oxidase gene expression by fibrates and dietary fatty acids.
1995-08-15
Lower levels of lipid peroxidation in human platelets incubated with eicosapentaenoic acid.
1992-07-29
Effects of small concentrations of eicosapentaenoic acid on platelets.
1989
Effects of fasting on disease activity, neutrophil function, fatty acid composition, and leukotriene biosynthesis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
1988-05
[Decreasing atherogenic risks by an eicosapentaenoic acid-rich diet].
1987-03-01
Comparison of the in vitro effect of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)-derived lipoxygenase metabolites on human platelet function with those of arachidonic acid.
1986-02-01
Patents

Sample Use Guides

The daily dose of VASCEPA ( (icosapent) is 4 grams per day taken as 2 capsules twice daily with food.
Route of Administration: Oral
The approximate 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of EPA on LA-N-1 cells at 48 hours treatment was found to be 35 uM, whereas the IC50 for ALA on LA-N-1 cells at 48 hours treatment was found to be >50 uM.
Substance Class Chemical
Created
by admin
on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
Edited
by admin
on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
Record UNII
AAN7QOV9EA
Record Status Validated (UNII)
Record Version
  • Download
Name Type Language
ICOSAPENT
INN  
INN  
Official Name English
EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID
INCI   MART.   MI   VANDF   WHO-DD  
INCI  
Preferred Name English
EPA
Common Name English
EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID (EPA) (C20:5) (CONSTITUENT OF KRILL OIL) [DSC]
Common Name English
TIMNODONIC ACID
Common Name English
Eicosapentaenoic acid [WHO-DD]
Common Name English
ALL-CIS-FATTY ACID 20:5 OMEGA-3
Common Name English
INCROMEGA E 7010SR
Common Name English
ROPUFA 70
Common Name English
icosapent [INN]
Common Name English
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-5,8,11,14,17-EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID
Systematic Name English
(ALL-Z)-5,8,11,14,17-EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID
Common Name English
EICOSAPENTAENOATE
Systematic Name English
EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID [MI]
Common Name English
EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID (EPA) (C20:5 N3)
Common Name English
EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID [USP-RS]
Common Name English
C20:5 (N-3)
Common Name English
EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID (C20:5 N3)
Common Name English
EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID [VANDF]
Common Name English
EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID [MART.]
Common Name English
EPA 45G
Code English
Classification Tree Code System Code
LOINC 75097-6
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
LOINC 88998-0
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
FDA ORPHAN DRUG 283409
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
LOINC 90911-9
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
LIVERTOX 342
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
EU-Orphan Drug EU/3/09/666
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
LOINC 88996-4
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
NCI_THESAURUS C67080
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
DSLD 3820 (Number of products:4)
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
LOINC 35173-4
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
LOINC 90908-5
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
DSLD 1011 (Number of products:2641)
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
LOINC 90909-3
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
LOINC 88999-8
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
LOINC 88997-2
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
LOINC 90912-7
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
Code System Code Type Description
CHEBI
36006
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
RS_ITEM_NUM
1234293
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
SMS_ID
100000079270
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
MESH
D015118
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
FDA UNII
AAN7QOV9EA
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
CHEBI
28364
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
INN
6328
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
CAS
10417-94-4
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
WIKIPEDIA
EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
ChEMBL
CHEMBL460026
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
CHEBI
61330
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
EPA CompTox
DTXSID9041023
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
DAILYMED
AAN7QOV9EA
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
DRUG CENTRAL
3174
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
EVMPD
SUB13664MIG
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
CAS
25378-27-2
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
NON-SPECIFIC SUBSTITUTION
MERCK INDEX
m4848
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
PRIMARY Merck Index
CHEBI
58562
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
CHEBI
84883
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
NCI_THESAURUS
C68434
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
CAS
1553-41-9
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
NON-SPECIFIC STEREOCHEMISTRY
RXCUI
618597
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
ALTERNATIVE
IUPHAR
7441
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
RXCUI
90
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
DRUG BANK
DB00159
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
PUBCHEM
446284
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 18:31:55 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
Related Record Type Details
SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT
PARENT -> CONSTITUENT ALWAYS PRESENT
LIPID -> FATTY ACID
PARENT -> CONSTITUENT ALWAYS PRESENT
DERIVATIVE -> PARENT
SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT
Related Record Type Details
PARENT -> METABOLITE ACTIVE
EPA is mainly metabolized by the liver via beta-oxidation similar to dietary fatty acids. Beta oxidation splits the long carbon chain of EPA into acetyl Coenzyme A, which is converted into energy via the Krebs cycle. Cytochrome P450-mediated metabolism is a minor pathway of elimination of EPA.
MAJOR
PLASMA
Related Record Type Details
ACTIVE MOIETY