Details
Stereochemistry | ABSOLUTE |
Molecular Formula | C25H35N3O6S |
Molecular Weight | 505.627 |
Optical Activity | UNSPECIFIED |
Defined Stereocenters | 3 / 3 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
CC(C)CN(C[C@@H](O)[C@H](CC1=CC=CC=C1)NC(=O)O[C@H]2CCOC2)S(=O)(=O)C3=CC=C(N)C=C3
InChI
InChIKey=YMARZQAQMVYCKC-OEMFJLHTSA-N
InChI=1S/C25H35N3O6S/c1-18(2)15-28(35(31,32)22-10-8-20(26)9-11-22)16-24(29)23(14-19-6-4-3-5-7-19)27-25(30)34-21-12-13-33-17-21/h3-11,18,21,23-24,29H,12-17,26H2,1-2H3,(H,27,30)/t21-,23-,24+/m0/s1
Molecular Formula | C25H35N3O6S |
Molecular Weight | 505.627 |
Charge | 0 |
Count |
|
Stereochemistry | ABSOLUTE |
Additional Stereochemistry | No |
Defined Stereocenters | 3 / 3 |
E/Z Centers | 0 |
Optical Activity | UNSPECIFIED |
DescriptionCurator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23519392 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11152018 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15341507
Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23519392 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11152018 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15341507
Amprenavir is an inhibitor of HIV-1 protease. Amprenavir binds to the active site of HIV-1 protease and thereby prevents the processing of viral gag and gag-pol polyprotein precursors, resulting in the formation of immature non-infectious viral particles. Amprenavir-containing combination regimens have shown virological efficacy, and have generally been well tolerated, in patients with HIV infection (primarily treatment-naive or protease inhibitor-naive). Fosamprenavir (GW433908, Lexiva, Telzir) is an oral prodrug of amprenavir, with a reduced daily pill burden. The use of protease inhibitors has also been associated with dyslipidemia and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Amprenavir activates Pregnane X receptor to mediate dyslipidemia.
CNS Activity
Approval Year
Targets
Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
---|---|---|---|
Target ID: CHEMBL3401 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23519392 |
8.6 µM [EC50] | ||
Target ID: CHEMBL2364675 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10952482 |
2.5 µM [IC50] | ||
Target ID: CHEMBL243 |
Conditions
Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
---|---|---|---|---|
Primary | AGENERASE Approved UseAGENERASE (amprenavir) is indicated in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of HIV-1 infection. Launch Date1999 |
Cmax
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
5.36 μg/mL |
1200 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral dose: 1200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered: |
AMPRENAVIR plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
|
6.18 μg/mL |
1200 mg single, oral dose: 1200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
AMPRENAVIR plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: HIGH-FAT |
|
9.72 μg/mL |
1200 mg single, oral dose: 1200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
AMPRENAVIR plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: FASTED |
|
6.77 μg/mL |
20 mg/kg bw 2 times / day multiple, oral dose: 20 mg/kg bw route of administration: Oral experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered: |
AMPRENAVIR plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: CHILD sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
|
3.99 μg/mL |
15 mg/kg bw 3 times / day multiple, oral dose: 15 mg/kg bw route of administration: Oral experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered: |
AMPRENAVIR plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: CHILD sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
AUC
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
18.5 μg × h/mL |
1200 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral dose: 1200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered: |
AMPRENAVIR plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
|
22.06 μg × h/mL |
1200 mg single, oral dose: 1200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
AMPRENAVIR plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: HIGH-FAT |
|
28.05 μg × h/mL |
1200 mg single, oral dose: 1200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
AMPRENAVIR plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: FASTED |
|
15.46 μg × h/mL |
20 mg/kg bw 2 times / day multiple, oral dose: 20 mg/kg bw route of administration: Oral experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered: |
AMPRENAVIR plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: CHILD sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
|
8.73 μg × h/mL |
15 mg/kg bw 3 times / day multiple, oral dose: 15 mg/kg bw route of administration: Oral experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered: |
AMPRENAVIR plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: CHILD sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
T1/2
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
8.85 h |
1200 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral dose: 1200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered: |
AMPRENAVIR plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
Funbound
Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
---|---|---|---|---|
10% |
1200 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral dose: 1200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered: |
AMPRENAVIR plasma | Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: ADULT sex: UNKNOWN food status: UNKNOWN |
Doses
Dose | Population | Adverse events |
---|---|---|
1200 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 1200 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 1200 mg, 2 times / day Co-administed with:: lamivudine, po(150 mg, BID) Sources: Page: p.1387zidovudine, po(300 mg, BID) |
unhealthy, 21-62 n = 113 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: HIV-1 infection Age Group: 21-62 Sex: M+F Population Size: 113 Sources: Page: p.1387 |
Disc. AE: Nausea, Vomiting... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Nausea (12%) Sources: Page: p.1387Vomiting (6%) Loose stools (3%) Abdominal pain (2%) Abdominal discomfort (2%) Rash (3%) |
1200 mg single, oral Recommended Dose: 1200 mg Route: oral Route: single Dose: 1200 mg Sources: Page: p.1688 |
unhealthy, 33+/-6.7 n = 12 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: HIV-1 infection Age Group: 33+/-6.7 Sex: M+F Population Size: 12 Sources: Page: p.1688 |
|
1200 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 1200 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 1200 mg, 2 times / day Sources: Page: p.11 |
unhealthy Health Status: unhealthy Condition: HIV-1 infection Sources: Page: p.11 |
Disc. AE: Reaction skin, Stevens-Johnson syndrome... AEs leading to discontinuation/dose reduction: Reaction skin (grade 3-4) Sources: Page: p.11Stevens-Johnson syndrome (grade 3-4) |
AEs
AE | Significance | Dose | Population |
---|---|---|---|
Nausea | 12% Disc. AE |
1200 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 1200 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 1200 mg, 2 times / day Co-administed with:: lamivudine, po(150 mg, BID) Sources: Page: p.1387zidovudine, po(300 mg, BID) |
unhealthy, 21-62 n = 113 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: HIV-1 infection Age Group: 21-62 Sex: M+F Population Size: 113 Sources: Page: p.1387 |
Abdominal discomfort | 2% Disc. AE |
1200 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 1200 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 1200 mg, 2 times / day Co-administed with:: lamivudine, po(150 mg, BID) Sources: Page: p.1387zidovudine, po(300 mg, BID) |
unhealthy, 21-62 n = 113 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: HIV-1 infection Age Group: 21-62 Sex: M+F Population Size: 113 Sources: Page: p.1387 |
Abdominal pain | 2% Disc. AE |
1200 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 1200 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 1200 mg, 2 times / day Co-administed with:: lamivudine, po(150 mg, BID) Sources: Page: p.1387zidovudine, po(300 mg, BID) |
unhealthy, 21-62 n = 113 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: HIV-1 infection Age Group: 21-62 Sex: M+F Population Size: 113 Sources: Page: p.1387 |
Loose stools | 3% Disc. AE |
1200 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 1200 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 1200 mg, 2 times / day Co-administed with:: lamivudine, po(150 mg, BID) Sources: Page: p.1387zidovudine, po(300 mg, BID) |
unhealthy, 21-62 n = 113 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: HIV-1 infection Age Group: 21-62 Sex: M+F Population Size: 113 Sources: Page: p.1387 |
Rash | 3% Disc. AE |
1200 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 1200 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 1200 mg, 2 times / day Co-administed with:: lamivudine, po(150 mg, BID) Sources: Page: p.1387zidovudine, po(300 mg, BID) |
unhealthy, 21-62 n = 113 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: HIV-1 infection Age Group: 21-62 Sex: M+F Population Size: 113 Sources: Page: p.1387 |
Vomiting | 6% Disc. AE |
1200 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 1200 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 1200 mg, 2 times / day Co-administed with:: lamivudine, po(150 mg, BID) Sources: Page: p.1387zidovudine, po(300 mg, BID) |
unhealthy, 21-62 n = 113 Health Status: unhealthy Condition: HIV-1 infection Age Group: 21-62 Sex: M+F Population Size: 113 Sources: Page: p.1387 |
Reaction skin | grade 3-4 Disc. AE |
1200 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 1200 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 1200 mg, 2 times / day Sources: Page: p.11 |
unhealthy Health Status: unhealthy Condition: HIV-1 infection Sources: Page: p.11 |
Stevens-Johnson syndrome | grade 3-4 Disc. AE |
1200 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral Recommended Dose: 1200 mg, 2 times / day Route: oral Route: multiple Dose: 1200 mg, 2 times / day Sources: Page: p.11 |
unhealthy Health Status: unhealthy Condition: HIV-1 infection Sources: Page: p.11 |
PubMed
Title | Date | PubMed |
---|---|---|
Metabolic disposition and pharmacokinetics of [14C]-amprenavir, a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease inhibitor, administered as a single oral dose to healthy male subjects. | 2001 Apr |
|
Open-label phase II trial of amprenavir, abacavir, and fixed-dose zidovudine/lamivudine in newly and chronically HIV-1--infected patients. | 2001 Apr 1 |
|
HIV and drug allergy. | 2001 Aug |
|
Combination of protease inhibitors for the treatment of HIV-1-infected patients: a review of pharmacokinetics and clinical experience. | 2001 Dec |
|
Therapeutic drug monitoring of HIV protease inhibitors using high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet or photodiode array detection. | 2001 Dec |
|
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 hypersusceptibility to amprenavir in vitro can be associated with virus load response to treatment in vivo. | 2001 Dec 15 |
|
Safety profile and tolerability of amprenavir in patients enrolled in an early access program. | 2001 Feb |
|
Structure-based design of non-peptide HIV protease inhibitors. | 2001 Jan-Feb |
|
Phase III trials for new PI. | 2001 Mar |
|
Sequencing of protease inhibitor therapy: insights from an analysis of HIV phenotypic resistance in patients failing protease inhibitors. | 2001 Mar 30 |
|
[Simultaneous quantitative determination of amprenavir and indinavir in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography]. | 2001 Mar-Apr |
|
[Drug interactions with antiretroviral agents]. | 2001 May-Jun |
|
New developments in anti-HIV chemotherapy. | 2001 Nov |
|
Anti-human immunodeficiency virus drugs are ineffective against Pneumocystis carinii in vitro and in vivo. | 2001 Nov 15 |
|
Effectors of HIV-1 protease peptidolytic activity. | 2001 Sep 18 |
|
Simultaneous determination of the six HIV protease inhibitors (amprenavir, indinavir, lopinavir, nelfinavir, ritonavir, and saquinavir) plus M8 nelfinavir metabolite and the nonnucleoside reverse transcription inhibitor efavirenz in human plasma by solid-phase extraction and column liquid chromatography. | 2002 Apr |
|
Central nervous system toxicity and amprenavir oral solution. | 2002 Jan |
|
[Advances in the domain of HIV]. | 2002 Jan 19 |
|
Longitudinal use of phenotypic resistance testing to HIV-1 protease inhibitors in patients developing HAART failure. | 2002 Jul |
|
In vitro antiviral interaction of lopinavir with other protease inhibitors. | 2002 Jul |
|
The pharmacokinetics of amprenavir, zidovudine, and lamivudine in the genital tracts of men infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (AIDS clinical trials group study 850). | 2002 Jul 15 |
|
Fosamprenavir. Vertex Pharmaceuticals/GlaxoSmithKline. | 2002 Mar |
|
Lipodystrophy update. | 2002 Mar |
|
Drug interactions between HIV protease inhibitors based on physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model. | 2002 Mar |
|
The utility of inhibitory quotients in determining the relative potency of protease inhibitors. | 2002 Mar 29 |
|
Delavirdine increases drug exposure of ritonavir-boosted protease inhibitors. | 2002 Mar 29 |
|
FDA approves new dosing for amprenavir and ritonavir combination. | 2002 Mar 8 |
|
Prevalence of the HIV protease mutation N88S causing hypersensitivity to amprenavir. | 2002 May 1 |
Sample Use Guides
Adults: The recommended oral dose of AGENERASE Capsules for adults is 1200 mg (eight 150-mg capsules) twice daily in combination with other antiretroviral agents. Concomitant Therapy: If AGENERASE and ritonavir are used in combination, the recommended dosage regimens are: AGENERASE 1200 mg with ritonavir 200 mg once daily or AGENERASE
600 mg with ritonavir 100 mg twice daily.
Pediatric Patients: For adolescents (13 to 16 years), the recommended oral dose of AGENERASE Capsules is 1200 mg (eight 150-mg capsules) twice daily in combination with other antiretroviral agents. For patients between 4 and 12 years of age or for patients 13 to 16 years of age with weight of
<50 kg, the recommended oral dose of AGENERASE Capsules is 20 mg/kg twice daily or 15 mg/kg 3 times daily (to a maximum daily dose of 2400 mg) in combination with other antiretroviral agents.
Route of Administration:
Oral
The in vitro antiviral activity of amprenavir was evaluated against HIV-1 IIIB in both acutely and chronically infected lymphoblastic cell lines (MT-4, CEM-CCRF, 43 H9) and in peripheral blood lymphocytes. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of amprenavir ranged from 0.012 to 0.08 µM in acutely infected cells and was 0.41 µM in chronically infected cells (1 µM = 0.50 mcg/mL).
Substance Class |
Chemical
Created
by
admin
on
Edited
Fri Dec 15 15:48:47 GMT 2023
by
admin
on
Fri Dec 15 15:48:47 GMT 2023
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Record UNII |
5S0W860XNR
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Record Status |
Validated (UNII)
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Record Version |
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Classification Tree | Code System | Code | ||
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EMA ASSESSMENT REPORTS |
AGENERASE (WITHDRAWN: HIV INFECTIONS)
Created by
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WHO-ATC |
J05AE05
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NDF-RT |
N0000175889
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NCI_THESAURUS |
C97366
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NDF-RT |
N0000000246
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WHO-VATC |
QJ05AE05
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LIVERTOX |
NBK548011
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N0000182141
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PRIMARY | Cytochrome P450 3A4 Inhibitors [MoA] | ||
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5S0W860XNR
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PRIMARY | |||
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N0000185506
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PRIMARY | Cytochrome P450 3A4 Inducers [MoA] | ||
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200
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PRIMARY | |||
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C095108
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228656
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PRIMARY | RxNorm | ||
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65016
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PRIMARY | |||
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C28824
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PRIMARY | |||
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7751
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PRIMARY | |||
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DTXSID5046061
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DB00701
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40050
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JJ-94
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PRIMARY | |||
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CHEMBL116
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PRIMARY | |||
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AMPRENAVIR
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5S0W860XNR
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m1855
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PRIMARY | Merck Index | ||
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N0000191264
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PRIMARY | P-Glycoprotein Inducers [MoA] | ||
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161814-49-9
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100000089388
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SUB00511MIG
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7157
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Related Record | Type | Details | ||
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TRANSPORTER -> INHIBITOR | |||
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BINDER->LIGAND |
The high affinity binding protein for amprenavir is alpha1-acid glycoprotein (AAG).
BINDING
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SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT |
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TARGET -> INHIBITOR |
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TRANSPORTER -> SUBSTRATE | |||
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EXCRETED UNCHANGED |
URINE
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METABOLIC ENZYME -> SUBSTRATE |
MAJOR
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METABOLIC ENZYME -> SUBSTRATE |
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METABOLIC ENZYME -> INHIBITOR |
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TARGET ORGANISM->INHIBITOR |
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TRANSPORTER -> INHIBITOR | |||
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TRANSPORTER -> INHIBITOR |
Related Record | Type | Details | ||
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METABOLITE -> PARENT |
IN VITRO
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METABOLITE -> PARENT |
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PRODRUG -> METABOLITE ACTIVE |
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Related Record | Type | Details | ||
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ACTIVE MOIETY |
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Name | Property Type | Amount | Referenced Substance | Defining | Parameters | References |
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Tmax | PHARMACOKINETIC |
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SINGLE DOSE |
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Volume of Distribution | PHARMACOKINETIC |
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Biological Half-life | PHARMACOKINETIC |
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