PYROPHOSPHORIC ACID

First approved in 1955

Details

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula	H4O7P2
Molecular Weight	177.9751
Optical Activity	NONE
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O

InChI

InChIKey=XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI=1S/H4O7P2/c1-8(2,3)7-9(4,5)6/h(H2,1,2,3)(H2,4,5,6)

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula	H4O7P2
Molecular Weight	177.9751
Charge	0
Count

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Optical Activity	NONE

Description
Sources: https://books.google.ru/books?id=cPjjBwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&hl=ru#v=onepage&q&f=false
Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11401820 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27061894 | http://www.food-info.net/uk/e/e450.htm

Inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi ) has long been known as a by-product of many intracellular biosynthetic reactions. PPi plays the regulatory role in living systems, such as activities of enzymes, fidelity of syntheses of macromolecules, and proliferation of cells. PPi is used as a biochemical energy source instead of ATP especially in bacteria, protists, and plants. PPi may also regulate the formation and dissolution of bone as well as pathologic calcification of soft tissues and the formation of urinary stones. The formation of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals in the extracellular fluids of joints cause the disease called pseudogout. Sodium, potassium and calcium pyrophosphates (E450) are used as food additives as buffers and emulsifiers.

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Condition	Potency
bone mineralization 5 Target ID: GO:0030282 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27061894	Modulator 828

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Highest Phase	Product
Gastrointestinal bleeding 12 Sources: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=30046b6b-09ea-46b1-8e60-61c53e1e7282	Diagnostic	Approved 8429	Stannous Pyrophosphate Approved Use https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=30046b6b-09ea-46b1-8e60-61c53e1e7282
Bone Diseases 5 Sources: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=30046b6b-09ea-46b1-8e60-61c53e1e7282 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22459337	Diagnostic	Approved 8429	Stannous Pyrophosphate Approved Use https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=30046b6b-09ea-46b1-8e60-61c53e1e7282
Acute myocardial infarction 37 Sources: https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=30046b6b-09ea-46b1-8e60-61c53e1e7282 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22459337 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3033570	Diagnostic	Approved 8429	Stannous Pyrophosphate Approved Use https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=30046b6b-09ea-46b1-8e60-61c53e1e7282

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
Pyrophosphate analogues as inhibitors of herpes simplex virus type 1 DNA polymerase.	1980 Mar 28	6245699
Antiviral effects of phosphonoformate (PFA, foscarnet sodium).	1982	6201932
PPi analogs as inhibitors of human T-lymphotropic virus type III reverse transcriptase.	1986 May	2425731
Nucleoside triphosphates promote the transformation of Ah receptor to its DNA-binding form.	1991 Mar 1	1848756
Identification of the amino acid in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase involved in the pyrophosphate binding of antiviral nucleoside triphosphate analogs and phosphonoformate. Implications for multiple drug resistance.	1993 Dec 14	7506027
Biochemical characterization of HIV-1 reverse transcriptases encoding mutations at amino acid residues 161 and 208 involved in resistance to phosphonoformate.	1998 Dec 15	9973178
Drug resistance mutations in the nucleotide binding pocket of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase differentially affect the phosphorolysis-dependent primer unblocking activity in the presence of stavudine and zidovudine and its inhibition by efavirenz.	2005 Jan	15616314
Structure-activity relationships among the nitrogen containing bisphosphonates in clinical use and other analogues: time-dependent inhibition of human farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase.	2008 Apr 10	18327899
Hepatitis C virus helicase/NTPase: an efficient expression system and new inhibitors.	2008 Jun	18620531

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

Acceptable Daily Intake: Up to 70 mg/kg bodyweight for all pyrophosphate containing food additives

Route of Administration: Oral

In Vitro Use Guide

pyrophosphoric acid at the concentration of 0.1 - 1.0 mM does not affect spore germination of Streptomyces galilaeus ATCC 31133.

Substance Class	Chemical Created by `admin` on `Fri Dec 15 17:18:55 GMT 2023` Edited by `admin` on `Fri Dec 15 17:18:55 GMT 2023`
Record UNII	4E862E7GRQ
Record Status	`Validated (UNII)`
Record Version

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Name

Type

Language

PYROPHOSPHORIC ACID

Systematic Name

English

Pyrophosphoric acid [WHO-DD]

Common Name

English

PYROPHOSPHORIC ACID [MI]

Common Name

English

DIPHSOPHORIC ACID

Common Name

English

DIPHOSPHORIC-ACID

Systematic Name

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

Food Contact Sustance Notif, (FCN No.)

FCN NO. 962