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Details

Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula C2H3Cl3O2
Molecular Weight 165.4029
Optical Activity NONE
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Charge 0

SHOW SMILES / InChI
Structure of Chloral hydrate

SMILES

OC(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl

InChI

InChIKey=RNFNDJAIBTYOQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C2H3Cl3O2/c3-2(4,5)1(6)7/h1,6-7H

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula C2H3Cl3O2
Molecular Weight 165.4029
Charge 0
Count
Stereochemistry ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry No
Defined Stereocenters 0 / 0
E/Z Centers 0
Optical Activity NONE

CHLORAL BETAINE, a chemical complex of chloral hydrate and betaine, is a nonbarbiturate sedative and hypnotic. It is indicated for sleep induction, preoperative sedation, and daytime sedation. CHLORAL BETAINE is converted to chloral hydrate in the body and its action on the central nervous system is identical with that of chloral hydrate.

Approval Year

Conditions

Conditions

ConditionModalityTargetsHighest PhaseProduct
Primary
Beta-Chlor

Approved Use

Cloral Betaine Tablets are used for the short-term treatment of severe insomnia which is interfering with normal daily life and where other therapies have failed. Cloral Betaine Tablets should be used as an adjunct to non-pharmacological therapies.

Launch Date

1962
Cmax

Cmax

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
106 μM
1500 mg single, oral
dose: 1500 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
2,2,2-TRICHLOROETHANOL plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FED
AUC

AUC

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
1056 μM × h
1500 mg single, oral
dose: 1500 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
2,2,2-TRICHLOROETHANOL plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FED
T1/2

T1/2

ValueDoseCo-administeredAnalytePopulation
12.8 h
1500 mg single, oral
dose: 1500 mg
route of administration: Oral
experiment type: SINGLE
co-administered:
2,2,2-TRICHLOROETHANOL plasma
Homo sapiens
population: HEALTHY
age: ADULT
sex: MALE
food status: FED
Doses

Doses

DosePopulationAdverse events​
88 mg/kg single, intravenous
Overdose
Dose: 88 mg/kg
Route: intravenous
Route: single
Dose: 88 mg/kg
Sources:
healthy, 1.25
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 1.25
Sex: M
Sources:
Disc. AE: Cyanosis, Lethargy...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Cyanosis
Lethargy
Sources:
20 g single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 20 g
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 20 g
Sources:
healthy, 27
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 27
Sex: M
Sources:
Disc. AE: Hypotension, Ventricular tachycardia...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Hypotension
Ventricular tachycardia
Sources:
39 mg/kg single, intravenous
Overdose
Dose: 39 mg/kg
Route: intravenous
Route: single
Dose: 39 mg/kg
Sources:
healthy, 3
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 3
Sex: F
Sources:
Disc. AE: Lethargy...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Lethargy
Sources:
38 g single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 38 g
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 38 g
Sources:
unhealthy, 38
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: 38
Sex: F
Sources:
Disc. AE: Cyanosis, Coma...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Cyanosis
Coma
Hypotension
Ventricular tachycardia
Sources:
30 g single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 30 g
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 30 g
Sources:
healthy, 39
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 39
Sex: F
Sources:
Disc. AE: Supraventricular tachycardia, Premature ventricular contractions...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Supraventricular tachycardia
Premature ventricular contractions
Sources:
20 g single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 20 g
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 20 g
Sources:
healthy, 42
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 42
Sex: F
Sources:
Disc. AE: Chest pain, Tachycardia...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Chest pain
Tachycardia
Sources:
30 g single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 30 g
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 30 g
Sources:
healthy, 67
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 67
Sex: F
Sources:
Disc. AE: Ventricular tachycardia...
AEs leading to
discontinuation/dose reduction:
Ventricular tachycardia
Sources:
AEs

AEs

AESignificanceDosePopulation
Cyanosis Disc. AE
88 mg/kg single, intravenous
Overdose
Dose: 88 mg/kg
Route: intravenous
Route: single
Dose: 88 mg/kg
Sources:
healthy, 1.25
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 1.25
Sex: M
Sources:
Lethargy Disc. AE
88 mg/kg single, intravenous
Overdose
Dose: 88 mg/kg
Route: intravenous
Route: single
Dose: 88 mg/kg
Sources:
healthy, 1.25
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 1.25
Sex: M
Sources:
Hypotension Disc. AE
20 g single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 20 g
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 20 g
Sources:
healthy, 27
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 27
Sex: M
Sources:
Ventricular tachycardia Disc. AE
20 g single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 20 g
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 20 g
Sources:
healthy, 27
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 27
Sex: M
Sources:
Lethargy Disc. AE
39 mg/kg single, intravenous
Overdose
Dose: 39 mg/kg
Route: intravenous
Route: single
Dose: 39 mg/kg
Sources:
healthy, 3
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 3
Sex: F
Sources:
Coma Disc. AE
38 g single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 38 g
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 38 g
Sources:
unhealthy, 38
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: 38
Sex: F
Sources:
Cyanosis Disc. AE
38 g single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 38 g
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 38 g
Sources:
unhealthy, 38
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: 38
Sex: F
Sources:
Hypotension Disc. AE
38 g single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 38 g
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 38 g
Sources:
unhealthy, 38
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: 38
Sex: F
Sources:
Ventricular tachycardia Disc. AE
38 g single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 38 g
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 38 g
Sources:
unhealthy, 38
Health Status: unhealthy
Age Group: 38
Sex: F
Sources:
Premature ventricular contractions Disc. AE
30 g single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 30 g
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 30 g
Sources:
healthy, 39
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 39
Sex: F
Sources:
Supraventricular tachycardia Disc. AE
30 g single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 30 g
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 30 g
Sources:
healthy, 39
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 39
Sex: F
Sources:
Chest pain Disc. AE
20 g single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 20 g
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 20 g
Sources:
healthy, 42
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 42
Sex: F
Sources:
Tachycardia Disc. AE
20 g single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 20 g
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 20 g
Sources:
healthy, 42
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 42
Sex: F
Sources:
Ventricular tachycardia Disc. AE
30 g single, oral
Overdose
Dose: 30 g
Route: oral
Route: single
Dose: 30 g
Sources:
healthy, 67
Health Status: healthy
Age Group: 67
Sex: F
Sources:
Overview

Overview

CYP3A4CYP2C9CYP2D6hERG

OverviewOther

Other InhibitorOther SubstrateOther Inducer


Drug as victim

Drug as victim

TargetModalityActivityMetaboliteClinical evidence
major
minor
Sourcing

Sourcing

Vendor/AggregatorIDURL
PubMed

PubMed

TitleDatePubMed
Oral and rectal absorption of chloral hydrate and its betaine complex.
1980-02
The effects of phenobarbital, chloral betaine, and glutethimide administration on warfarin plasma levels and hypoprothrombinemic responese in man.
1969-01-01
A CHLORAL HYDRATE COMPLEX. CHLORAL BETAINE. (BETA-CHLOR).
1964-12-28
Clinical experience with chloral betaine, a preoperative sedative.
1963-07

Sample Use Guides

To induce sleep, the recommended dosage for adults and children over 12 years of age is 870 mg to 1.7 gm approximately 15 to 30 minutes before bedtime. For preoperative sedation, the same amounts are given 60 to 90 minutes before surgery. The suggested sedative dosage is 870 mg given three times daily, with an additional dose at bedtime if necessary.
Route of Administration: Oral
Substance Class Chemical
Created
by admin
on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025
Edited
by admin
on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025
Record UNII
418M5916WG
Record Status FAILED
Record Version
  • Download
Name Type Language
Chloral hydrate
EP   GREEN BOOK   HSDB   MI   USP   VANDF   WHO-DD   WHO-IP  
Systematic Name English
CHLORALUM
HPUS  
Preferred Name English
CLORAL HYDRATE [MART.]
Common Name English
CHLORALI HYDRAS [WHO-IP LATIN]
Common Name English
Chloral hydrate [WHO-DD]
Common Name English
CHLORAL HYDRATE [MI]
Common Name English
CHLORALUM [HPUS]
Common Name English
CHLORAL HYDRATE [VANDF]
Common Name English
CHLORAL HYDRATE [USP MONOGRAPH]
Common Name English
CHLORAL HYDRATE [JAN]
Common Name English
2,2,2-TRICHLOROETHANE-1,1-DIOL
Systematic Name English
CHLORAL HYDRATE [WHO-IP]
Common Name English
CHLORAL HYDRATE [EP MONOGRAPH]
Common Name English
1,1-ETHANEDIOL, 2,2,2-TRICHLORO-
Systematic Name English
CHLORAL HYDRATE [HSDB]
Common Name English
CHLORAL HYDRATE [EP IMPURITY]
Common Name English
NSC-3210
Code English
CHLORAL HYDRATE [IARC]
Common Name English
CHLORAL HYDRATE [GREEN BOOK]
Common Name English
CLORAL HYDRATE
MART.  
Common Name English
Classification Tree Code System Code
DEA NO. 2465
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025
WHO-VATC QN05CC01
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025
CFR 21 CFR 1308.22
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025
LIVERTOX 188
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025
EPA PESTICIDE CODE 268100
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025
NCI_THESAURUS C2199
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025
CFR 21 CFR 522.380
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025
WHO-ATC N05CC01
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025
Code System Code Type Description
CHEBI
28142
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
NSC
3210
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
WIKIPEDIA
CHLORAL HYDRATE
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
LACTMED
Chloral Hydrate
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
MERCK INDEX
m3341
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025
PRIMARY Merck Index
DRUG BANK
DB01563
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
PUBCHEM
2707
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
NCI_THESAURUS
C28922
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
CAS
302-17-0
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
HSDB
222
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
WHO INTERNATIONAL PHARMACOPEIA
CHLORAL HYDRATE
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025
PRIMARY Description: Colourless, transparent or white crystals; odour, aromatic, pungent and characteristic. Solubility: Very soluble in water; freely soluble in ethanol (~750 g/l) TS and ether R. Category: Premedication. Storage: Chloral hydrate should be kept in a tightly closed container. Additional information: Melting temperature, about 55 ?C; when exposed to air it slowly volatilizes. Requirement: Chloral hydrate contains not less than 98.5% and not more than 101.0% of C2H3Cl3O2.Note: Prepare the following test solution for use in "Identity tests A and B", and for "Clarity and colour". Dissolve 2.5 g in sufficientcarbon-dioxide-free water R to produce 25 mL.
MESH
D002697
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
DAILYMED
418M5916WG
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
SMS_ID
100000085010
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
EVMPD
SUB13324MIG
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
CAS
1178760-67-2
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025
ALTERNATIVE
RXCUI
2344
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025
PRIMARY RxNorm
EVMPD
SUB13325MIG
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025
ALTERNATIVE
ECHA (EC/EINECS)
206-117-5
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
DRUG CENTRAL
586
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
FDA UNII
418M5916WG
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
EPA CompTox
DTXSID7020261
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
ChEMBL
CHEMBL455917
Created by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025 , Edited by admin on Mon Mar 31 17:45:30 GMT 2025
PRIMARY
Related Record Type Details
SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT
SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT
SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT
SALT/SOLVATE -> PARENT
Related Record Type Details
METABOLITE INACTIVE -> PARENT
MAJOR
METABOLITE -> PARENT
METABOLITE ACTIVE -> PARENT
Percent of dose excreted in urine as metabolite. May be responsible for the hypnotic activity of the parent drug in man.
URINE
METABOLITE ACTIVE -> PRODRUG
MAJOR