ACETYLGLYCINAMIDE CHLORAL HYDRATE

Details

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula	C4H7NO3.C2H3Cl3O2
Molecular Weight	282.506
Optical Activity	NONE
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure of ACETYLGLYCINAMIDE CHLORAL HYDRATE

Structure Search

SMILES

OC(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl.CC(=O)NCC(O)=O

InChI

InChIKey=SULCNWZLMZPENK-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI=1S/C4H7NO3.C2H3Cl3O2/c1-3(6)5-2-4(7)8;3-2(4,5)1(6)7/h2H2,1H3,(H,5,6)(H,7,8);1,6-7H

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula	C4H7NO3
Molecular Weight	117.1033
Charge	0
Count

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Optical Activity	NONE

Molecular Formula	C2H3Cl3O2
Molecular Weight	165.403
Charge	0
Count

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Optical Activity	NONE

Description
Sources: https://www.drugs.com/ppa/chloral-hydrate.html
Curator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including http://www.rxlist.com/noctec-drug/clinical-pharmacology.htm | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7834208

Chloral hydrate was discovered in 1832, and was used as a sedative in late 19th century. Chloral hydrate has not been approved by the FDA or the EMA, and is on the list of unapproved drugs that are prescribed for postoperative pain control, sedation and to prevent alcohol withdrawal and reduce anxiety associated with withdrawal of opiates or barbiturates. Mechanism of action of chloral hydrate is not known. It is generally believed that the central depressant effects are due to the principal pharmacologically active metabolite trichloroethanol, which has a plasma half- life of 8 to 10 hours, and acts by potentiating GABA-activated Cl currents.

CNS Activity

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Condition	Potency
GABA-A receptor; anion channel 202 Target ID: CHEMBL2093872 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7834208	Positive Allosteric Modulator 179

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Highest Phase	Product
Postoperative pain 22 Sources: https://www.drugs.com/monograph/chloral-hydrate.html	Palliative	Not Provided 504	Unknown Approved Use Adjunct to opiates and analgesics for postoperative pain control
Sleep disorder 20 Sources: https://www.drugs.com/ppa/chloral-hydrate.html	Primary	Not Provided 504	Unknown Approved Use Short-term sedative and hypnotic (<2 weeks)
Sedation 4 Sources: https://www.drugs.com/ppa/chloral-hydrate.html	Primary	Not Provided 504	Unknown Approved Use Sedative/hypnotic for diagnostic procedures; sedative prior to EEG evaluations
Alcohol withdrawal 3 Sources: https://www.drugs.com/ppa/chloral-hydrate.html	Preventing	Not Provided 504	Unknown Approved Use Monotherapy or concomitant with paraldehyde for prevention of alcohol withdrawal symptoms and/or to suppress syndrome once it develops
Opioid dependence 21 Sources: https://www.drugs.com/ppa/chloral-hydrate.html	Palliative	Not Provided 504	Unknown Approved Use Reduction of anxiety associated with withdrawal of opiates or barbiturates

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
Use of subjective responses to evaluate efficacy of mild analgesic-sedative combinations.	1974 Feb	4149585
The efficacy of triazolam and chloral hydrate in geriatric insomniacs.	1980	6106611
Trichloroethanol potentiation of gamma-aminobutyric acid-activated chloride current in mouse hippocampal neurones.	1994 Oct	7834208
Acute drug administration in epilepsy: a review.	2011 Oct	21951369
The safety and efficacy of chloral hydrate sedation for pediatric ophthalmic procedures: a retrospective review.	2014 May-Jun	24627951

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

Sedation, anxiety: Oral: 250 mg 3 times daily. Hypnotic: Oral: 500-1000 mg 15-30 minutes before bedtime or 30 minutes prior to procedure, not to exceed 2000 mg per 24 hours.

Route of Administration: Oral

In Vitro Use Guide

Unknown

Substance Class	Chemical Created by `admin` on `Fri Dec 15 15:31:08 GMT 2023` Edited by `admin` on `Fri Dec 15 15:31:08 GMT 2023`
Record UNII	6WZ3595RLZ
Record Status	`Validated (UNII)`
Record Version

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Name

Type

Language

ACETYLGLYCINAMIDE CHLORAL HYDRATE

Systematic Name

English

ACETAMIDE, N-(2-AMINO-2-OXOETHYL)-, COMPD. WITH 2,2,2-TRICHLORO-1,1-ETHANEDIOL (1:1)

Systematic Name

English

Acetylglycinamide chloral hydrate [WHO-DD]

Common Name

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

WHO-ATC

N05CC03