| Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
| Molecular Formula | C16H13ClN2O2 |
| Molecular Weight | 300.74 |
| Optical Activity | NONE |
| Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
CN1C2=C(C=C(Cl)C=C2)N(C3=CC=CC=C3)C(=O)CC1=O
InChI
InChIKey=CXOXHMZGEKVPMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI=1S/C16H13ClN2O2/c1-18-13-8-7-11(17)9-14(13)19(16(21)10-15(18)20)12-5-3-2-4-6-12/h2-9H,10H2,1H3
| Molecular Formula | C16H13ClN2O2 |
| Molecular Weight | 300.74 |
| Charge | 0 |
| Count |
MOL RATIO
1 MOL RATIO (average) |
| Stereochemistry | ACHIRAL |
| Additional Stereochemistry | No |
| Defined Stereocenters | 0 / 0 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Optical Activity | NONE |
Clobazam belongs to the 1,5-benzodiazepine class of drugs with antiepileptic properties. It has been used to treat anxiety and epilepsy since 1970s. In the US clobazam was approved for marketing in October of 2011 for the adjunctive treatment of seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. It is also approved for adjunctive therapy for epilepsy in patients who have not responded to first-line drugs and in children who are refractory to first-line drugs. The mechanism of action for clobazam is not fully understood but is thought to involve what is known as potentiation of GABAergic neurotransmission resulting from binding at a benzodiazepine site at the GABA(A) receptor. Possible side effects: constipation, fever, drowsiness, sedation, ataxia, aggressive behavior, lethargy, drooling, and irritability. Other side effects include: urinary tract infection, pneumonia, cough, dysphagia, dysarthria, bronchitis, insomnia, fatigue, decreased appetite, and increased appetite.
CNS Activity
Originator
Approval Year
Doses
AEs
Overview
| CYP3A4 | CYP2C9 | CYP2D6 | hERG |
|---|---|---|---|
OverviewOther
| Other Inhibitor | Other Substrate | Other Inducer |
|---|---|---|
Drug as perpetrator
Drug as victim
Tox targets
Sourcing
PubMed
Sample Use Guides
Patients ≤30 kg body weight: Initiate at 5 mg daily and titrate as tolerated up to 20 mg daily. Patients > 30 kg body weight: Initiate at 10 mg daily and titrate as tolerated up to 40 mg daily. For doses above 5 mg/day administer in two divided doses. Dosage adjustment needed in following groups: Geriatric patients. Known CYP2C19 poor metabolizers. Mild or moderate hepatic impairment; no information for severe hepatic impairment.
Route of Administration:
Oral
Recurrent ictal-like seizures (ILEs, four per hour) were generated in intact corticohippocampal formations (CHFs) of P7-8 rats, and extracellular recordings were performed in the hippocampus and neocortex. Clobazam was applied at clinically relevant concentrations (at least two), during 30 min after the third ILE. Clobazam prevented the occurrence of seizures in recurrent ictal-like seizures.
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