DACTINOMYCIN

First approved in 1964

Details

Stereochemistry	ABSOLUTE
Molecular Formula	C62H86N12O16
Molecular Weight	1255.4194
Optical Activity	UNSPECIFIED
Defined Stereocenters	10 / 10
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

[H][C@@]12CCCN1C(=O)[C@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)C3=C4N=C5C(OC4=C(C)C=C3)=C(C)C(=O)C(N)=C5C(=O)N[C@H]6[C@@H](C)OC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)N(C)C(=O)CN(C)C(=O)[C@]7([H])CCCN7C(=O)[C@H](NC6=O)C(C)C)[C@@H](C)OC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)N(C)C(=O)CN(C)C2=O)C(C)C

InChI

InChIKey=RJURFGZVJUQBHK-IIXSONLDSA-N

InChI=1S/C62H86N12O16/c1-27(2)42-59(84)73-23-17-19-36(73)57(82)69(13)25-38(75)71(15)48(29(5)6)61(86)88-33(11)44(55(80)65-42)67-53(78)35-22-21-31(9)51-46(35)64-47-40(41(63)50(77)32(10)52(47)90-51)54(79)68-45-34(12)89-62(87)49(30(7)8)72(16)39(76)26-70(14)58(83)37-20-18-24-74(37)60(85)43(28(3)4)66-56(45)81/h21-22,27-30,33-34,36-37,42-45,48-49H,17-20,23-26,63H2,1-16H3,(H,65,80)(H,66,81)(H,67,78)(H,68,79)/t33-,34-,36+,37+,42-,43-,44+,45+,48+,49+/m1/s1

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula	C62H86N12O16
Molecular Weight	1255.4194
Charge	0
Count

Stereochemistry	ABSOLUTE
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	10 / 10
E/Z Centers	0
Optical Activity	UNSPECIFIED

Description
Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2012/050682s029s030lbl.pdf
Curator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1734954

Dactinomycin (actinomycin D) was isolated from Streptomyces by Selman Waksman in 1940s. The antibiotic shows anti-cancer activity; it was approved by FDA for the treatment of different cancer conditions among which are Ewing's sarcoma, Wilm's tumor, gestational trophoblastic disease, etc. Dactinomycin exerts its action by binding to DNA (preferably to GC motif) and thus inhibiting transcription.

CNS Activity

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Condition	Potency
DNA 282 Target ID: CHEMBL2311221 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2012/050682s029s030lbl.pdf	Binding Agent 1076		156.25 nM [Kd]

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Highest Phase	Product
Wilms' tumor 1 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2012/050682s029s030lbl.pdf	Primary	Approved 8583	COSMEGEN Approved Use COSMEGEN, as part of a combination chemotherapy and/or multi-modality treatment regimen, is indicated for the treatment of Wilms’ tumor, childhood rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing’s sarcoma and metastatic, nonseminomatous testicular cancer. COSMEGEN is indicated as a single agent, or as part of a combination chemotherapy regimen, for the treatment of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. COSMEGEN, as a component of regional perfusion, is indicated for the palliative and/or adjunctive treatment of locally recurrent or locoregional solid malignancies. Launch Date 1964
Childhood rhabdomyosarcoma 1 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2012/050682s029s030lbl.pdf	Primary	Approved 8583	COSMEGEN Approved Use COSMEGEN, as part of a combination chemotherapy and/or multi-modality treatment regimen, is indicated for the treatment of Wilms’ tumor, childhood rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing’s sarcoma and metastatic, nonseminomatous testicular cancer. COSMEGEN is indicated as a single agent, or as part of a combination chemotherapy regimen, for the treatment of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. COSMEGEN, as a component of regional perfusion, is indicated for the palliative and/or adjunctive treatment of locally recurrent or locoregional solid malignancies. Launch Date 1964
Metastatic nonseminomatous testicular cancer 1 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2012/050682s029s030lbl.pdf	Primary	Approved 8583	COSMEGEN Approved Use COSMEGEN, as part of a combination chemotherapy and/or multi-modality treatment regimen, is indicated for the treatment of Wilms’ tumor, childhood rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing’s sarcoma and metastatic, nonseminomatous testicular cancer. COSMEGEN is indicated as a single agent, or as part of a combination chemotherapy regimen, for the treatment of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. COSMEGEN, as a component of regional perfusion, is indicated for the palliative and/or adjunctive treatment of locally recurrent or locoregional solid malignancies. Launch Date 1964
Ewing’s sarcoma 8 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2012/050682s029s030lbl.pdf	Primary	Approved 8583	COSMEGEN Approved Use COSMEGEN, as part of a combination chemotherapy and/or multi-modality treatment regimen, is indicated for the treatment of Wilms’ tumor, childhood rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing’s sarcoma and metastatic, nonseminomatous testicular cancer. COSMEGEN is indicated as a single agent, or as part of a combination chemotherapy regimen, for the treatment of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. COSMEGEN, as a component of regional perfusion, is indicated for the palliative and/or adjunctive treatment of locally recurrent or locoregional solid malignancies. Launch Date 1964
Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia 1 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2012/050682s029s030lbl.pdf	Primary	Approved 8583	COSMEGEN Approved Use COSMEGEN, as part of a combination chemotherapy and/or multi-modality treatment regimen, is indicated for the treatment of Wilms’ tumor, childhood rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing’s sarcoma and metastatic, nonseminomatous testicular cancer. COSMEGEN is indicated as a single agent, or as part of a combination chemotherapy regimen, for the treatment of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. COSMEGEN, as a component of regional perfusion, is indicated for the palliative and/or adjunctive treatment of locally recurrent or locoregional solid malignancies. Launch Date 1964
Locally recurrent and locoregional sarcomas 1 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2012/050682s029s030lbl.pdf	Palliative	Approved 8583	COSMEGEN Approved Use COSMEGEN, as part of a combination chemotherapy and/or multi-modality treatment regimen, is indicated for the treatment of Wilms’ tumor, childhood rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing’s sarcoma and metastatic, nonseminomatous testicular cancer. COSMEGEN is indicated as a single agent, or as part of a combination chemotherapy regimen, for the treatment of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. COSMEGEN, as a component of regional perfusion, is indicated for the palliative and/or adjunctive treatment of locally recurrent or locoregional solid malignancies. Launch Date 1964
Locally recurrent and locoregional carcinomas 1 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2012/050682s029s030lbl.pdf	Palliative	Approved 8583	COSMEGEN Approved Use COSMEGEN, as part of a combination chemotherapy and/or multi-modality treatment regimen, is indicated for the treatment of Wilms’ tumor, childhood rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing’s sarcoma and metastatic, nonseminomatous testicular cancer. COSMEGEN is indicated as a single agent, or as part of a combination chemotherapy regimen, for the treatment of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. COSMEGEN, as a component of regional perfusion, is indicated for the palliative and/or adjunctive treatment of locally recurrent or locoregional solid malignancies. Launch Date 1964
Locally recurrent and locoregional adenocarcinomas 1 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2012/050682s029s030lbl.pdf	Palliative	Approved 8583	COSMEGEN Approved Use COSMEGEN, as part of a combination chemotherapy and/or multi-modality treatment regimen, is indicated for the treatment of Wilms’ tumor, childhood rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing’s sarcoma and metastatic, nonseminomatous testicular cancer. COSMEGEN is indicated as a single agent, or as part of a combination chemotherapy regimen, for the treatment of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. COSMEGEN, as a component of regional perfusion, is indicated for the palliative and/or adjunctive treatment of locally recurrent or locoregional solid malignancies. Launch Date 1964

C_max

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
30.3 μg/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1667253	3 mg/kg single, intravenous dose: 3 mg/kg route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:		DACTINOMYCIN plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN
35.5 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16115931/	1.5 mg/m² 1 times / day steady-state, intravenous dose: 1.5 mg/m² route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered:		DACTINOMYCIN plasma	Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN

AUC

Value	Dose	Analyte	Population
142.4 mg × h/L EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1667253	3 mg/kg single, intravenous dose: 3 mg/kg route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	DACTINOMYCIN plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN
3.62 mg × min/L EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16115931/	1.5 mg/m² 1 times / day steady-state, intravenous dose: 1.5 mg/m² route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered:	DACTINOMYCIN plasma	Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN
12.8 mg × min/L EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24968986/	1.5 mg/m² 1 times / day multiple, intravenous dose: 1.5 mg/m² route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered:	DACTINOMYCIN plasma	Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: CHILD sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN

T_1/2

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
7.8 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1667253	3 mg/kg single, intravenous dose: 3 mg/kg route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:		DACTINOMYCIN plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN
28.5 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16115931/	1.5 mg/m² 1 times / day steady-state, intravenous dose: 1.5 mg/m² route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered:		DACTINOMYCIN plasma	Homo sapiens population: UNHEALTHY age: sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN

F_unbound

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
10% EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1667253	3 mg/kg single, intravenous dose: 3 mg/kg route of administration: Intravenous experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:		DACTINOMYCIN plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: UNKNOWN

Doses

Dose	Population	Adverse events
0.15 mg/kg 1 times / day multiple, intravenous Overdose Dose: 0.15 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 0.15 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10531579	unhealthy, 18 months Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: 18 months Sex: M Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10531579	Other AEs: Pancytopenia, Mucositis... Other AEs: Pancytopenia (1 patient) Mucositis (severe, 1 patient) Pancreatitis (1 patient) Hyponatremia (1 patient) Hypocalcemia (1 patient) Respiratory distress (1 patient) Melena (1 patient) Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10531579
0.15 ug/kg multiple, intravenous Highest studied dose Dose: 0.15 ug/kg Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 0.15 ug/kg Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1139861	unhealthy, 40-77 years Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: 40-77 years Sex: F Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1139861	Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1139861
1.5 mg/m2 single, intravenous Highest studied dose Dose: 1.5 mg/m2 Route: intravenous Route: single Dose: 1.5 mg/m2 Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14522028	unknown, children Health Status: unknown Age Group: children Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14522028	Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14522028

AEs

AE	Significance	Dose	Population
Hypocalcemia	1 patient	0.15 mg/kg 1 times / day multiple, intravenous Overdose Dose: 0.15 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 0.15 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10531579	unhealthy, 18 months Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: 18 months Sex: M Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10531579
Hyponatremia	1 patient	0.15 mg/kg 1 times / day multiple, intravenous Overdose Dose: 0.15 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 0.15 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10531579	unhealthy, 18 months Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: 18 months Sex: M Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10531579
Melena	1 patient	0.15 mg/kg 1 times / day multiple, intravenous Overdose Dose: 0.15 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 0.15 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10531579	unhealthy, 18 months Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: 18 months Sex: M Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10531579
Pancreatitis	1 patient	0.15 mg/kg 1 times / day multiple, intravenous Overdose Dose: 0.15 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 0.15 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10531579	unhealthy, 18 months Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: 18 months Sex: M Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10531579
Pancytopenia	1 patient	0.15 mg/kg 1 times / day multiple, intravenous Overdose Dose: 0.15 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 0.15 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10531579	unhealthy, 18 months Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: 18 months Sex: M Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10531579
Respiratory distress	1 patient	0.15 mg/kg 1 times / day multiple, intravenous Overdose Dose: 0.15 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 0.15 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10531579	unhealthy, 18 months Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: 18 months Sex: M Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10531579
Mucositis	severe, 1 patient	0.15 mg/kg 1 times / day multiple, intravenous Overdose Dose: 0.15 mg/kg, 1 times / day Route: intravenous Route: multiple Dose: 0.15 mg/kg, 1 times / day Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10531579	unhealthy, 18 months Health Status: unhealthy Age Group: 18 months Sex: M Sources: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10531579

Sourcing

Vendor/Aggregator	ID	URL
abcr GmbH	AB353527	http://www.abcr.de/shop/en/AB353527
Achemtek	0104-058162	http://www.achemtek.com/50-76-0
Acorn PharmaTech	ACN-036884	http://www.acornpharmatech.com/
Ambinter	Amb19930304	http://www.ambinter.com/reference/19930304
Aurora Fine Chemicals LLC	A17.878.164	http://online.aurorafinechemicals.com/info?ID=A17.878.164
AvaChem Scientific	4693	http://www.avachem.com/productSearch.asp?4693
Avantor Inc	101096-738	https://us.vwr.com/store/catalog/product.jsp?catalog_number=101096-738
Avantor Inc	200036-466	https://us.vwr.com/store/product/18601366/actinomycin-d
BOC Sciences	50-76-0	https://adc.bocsci.com/product/actinomycin-d-cas-50-76-0-1293.html
Chemspace	CSSB02125550997	https://chem-space.com/CSSB02125550997
eNovation Chemicals	D371034	http://www.enovationchem.com/productDetails.asp?productID=D371034
Glentham Life Sciences	GA0481	http://www.glentham.com/products/product/GA0481/
iChemical	EBD32182	http://www.ichemical.com/products/50-76-0.html?utm_source=PubChem&utm_medium=website&utm_campaign=product%20catalogs
OChem	10380	http://www.ocheminc.com/index.php?act=psearch&pid=050A760
Selleck Chemicals	S8964	http://www.selleckchem.com/products/actinomycin-d.html
Sigma-Aldrich	01815_SIGMA	https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/sigma/01815?utm_source=pubchem&utm_campaign=pubchem_2017&utm_medium=referral
Sigma-Aldrich	1162400_USP	https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/usp/1162400?utm_source=pubchem&utm_campaign=pubchem_2017&utm_medium=referral
Sigma-Aldrich	A1410_SIGMA	https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/sigma/a1410?utm_source=pubchem&utm_campaign=pubchem_2017&utm_medium=referral
Sigma-Aldrich	A4262_SIGMA	https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/sigma/a4262?utm_source=pubchem&utm_campaign=pubchem_2017&utm_medium=referral
Sigma-Aldrich	A9415_SIGMA	https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/sigma/a9415?utm_source=pubchem&utm_campaign=pubchem_2017&utm_medium=referral
Smolecule	S548606	http://www.smolecule.com/products/s548606
THE BioTek	bt-288011	https://www.thebiotek.com/product/inhibitors/bt-288011
VladaChem	VL272217-10MG	https://www.vladachem.com/product.php?products=50-76-0

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
Polysaccharide Krestin enhances manganese superoxide dismutase activity and mRNA expression in mouse peritoneal macrophages.	2000	11154046
Actinomycin D and staurosporine, potent apoptosis inducers in vitro, are potentially effective chemotherapeutic agents against glioblastoma multiforme.	2000	10663630
VEGF expression in an osteoblast-like cell line is regulated by a hypoxia response mechanism.	2000 Apr	10751333
Testin induction: the role of cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate/protein kinase A signaling in the regulation of basal and lonidamine-induced testin expression by rat sertoli cells.	2000 Dec	11090432
Purinergic and adrenergic agonists synergize in stimulating vasopressin and oxytocin release.	2000 Dec 1	11102496
Mechanisms of GM-CSF increase by diesel exhaust particles in human airway epithelial cells.	2000 Jan	10645887
Carcinogenic nickel induces genes involved with hypoxic stress.	2000 Jan 1	10646848
Mimosine arrests cells in G1 by enhancing the levels of p27(Kip1).	2000 Jan 10	10623466
Actinomycin D induces apoptosis and inhibits growth of pancreatic cancer cells.	2000 May 1	10760829
Experimental model of hepatic venoocclusive disease (VOD) caused by dactinomycin--preliminary report about hepatoprotective effect of amifostine.	2000 May-Jun	11208352
Venoocclusive liver disease (VOD) as a complication of Wilms' tumour management in the series of consecutive 206 patients.	2000 Oct	11194540
Transient posterior encephalopathy induced by chemotherapy in children.	2001 Feb	11275465
Polyphyenolics increase t-PA and u-PA gene transcription in cultured human endothelial cells.	2001 Feb	11236827
Combination of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and actinomycin D induces apoptosis even in TRAIL-resistant human pancreatic cancer cells.	2001 Feb	11234897
The effects of particulate wear debris, cytokines, and growth factors on the functions of MG-63 osteoblasts.	2001 Feb	11216681
Differential induction of stearoyl-CoA desaturase and acyl-CoA oxidase genes by fibrates in HepG2 cells.	2001 Feb 1	11172741
In vivo regulation of syndecan-3 expression in the rat uterus by 17 beta-estradiol.	2001 Jan 5	11024013
Differential induction of rat hepatic cytochromes P450 3A1, 3A2, 2B1, 2B2, and 2E1 in response to pyridine treatment.	2001 Mar	11181506
Oxidant stress induces gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase and glutathione synthesis in human bronchial epithelial NCI-H292 cells.	2002 Apr	11972604
Effect of actinomycin D on simian rotavirus (SA11) replication in cell culture.	2002 Apr	11960193
Pathways of induction of peroxiredoxin I expression in osteoblasts: roles of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and protein kinase C.	2002 Apr 5	11796722
Induction and superinduction of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-rho-dioxin-inducible poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase: role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor/aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator transcription activation domains and a labile transcription repressor.	2002 Aug 15	12147270
Phospholipase D activation by sphingosine 1-phosphate regulates interleukin-8 secretion in human bronchial epithelial cells.	2002 Aug 16	12039947
Interleukin 1beta induces functional prostaglandin E synthase in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells.	2002 Dec	12512699
Synergy is achieved by complementation with Apo2L/TRAIL and actinomycin D in Apo2L/TRAIL-mediated apoptosis of prostate cancer cells: role of XIAP in resistance.	2002 Dec 1	12430140
Changes in gene expression linked to methamphetamine-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity.	2002 Jan 1	11756511
Induction of MnSOD gene by arachidonic acid is mediated by reactive oxygen species and p38 MAPK signaling pathway in human HepG2 hepatoma cells.	2002 Jun 1	12031898
Functional analysis of MRP1 cloned from bovine.	2002 Jun 19	12067707
Heme oxygenase-1-derived carbon monoxide requires the activation of transcription factor NF-kappa B to protect endothelial cells from tumor necrosis factor-alpha-mediated apoptosis.	2002 May 17	11880364
Differential effects of thyroxine on metabolic enzymes and other macromolecules in a freshwater teleost.	2003 Apr 1	12658717
Induction of 1-cys peroxiredoxin expression by oxidative stress in lung epithelial cells.	2003 Aug	12851211
An efficient, nonenzymatic method for isolation and culture of murine aortic endothelial cells and their response to inflammatory stimuli.	2003 Jan-Feb	12892526
Synergy between sulforaphane and selenium in the induction of thioredoxin reductase 1 requires both transcriptional and translational modulation.	2003 Mar	12663510
Differential expression of c-fos and c-myc protooncogenes by estrogens, xenobiotics and other growth-stimulatory agents in primary rat hepatocytes.	2003 Mar	12632255
Hypoxia-inducible factor induction by tumour necrosis factor in normoxic cells requires receptor-interacting protein-dependent nuclear factor kappa B activation.	2003 Mar 15	12479793
Leiomyosarcoma of urinary bladder following cyclophosphamide therapy: report of two cases.	2003 May	12748258
Leptin induces increased alpha2(I) collagen gene expression in cultured rat hepatic stellate cells.	2003 May 15	12704794
Effects of hypoxia on monocyte inflammatory mediator production: Dissociation between changes in cyclooxygenase-2 expression and eicosanoid synthesis.	2003 Oct 3	12874281
Troglitazone inhibits cyclin D1 expression and cell cycling independently of PPARgamma in normal mouse skin keratinocytes.	2004 Dec	15610522
Veno-occlusive disease in pediatric patients receiving actinomycin D and vincristine only for the treatment of rhabdomyosarcoma.	2004 Dec	15591910
Overexpression of phospholipase D prevents actinomycin D-induced apoptosis through potentiation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase signalling pathways in Chinese-hamster ovary cells.	2004 Mar 1	14640974
Rosiglitazone upregulates caveolin-1 expression in THP-1 cells through a PPAR-dependent mechanism.	2004 Nov	15314095
Coordinated secretion of alkaline phosphatase into serum and intestine in fat-fed rats.	2004 Sep-Oct	15599000
Establishment and characterization of new cellular lymphoma model expressing transgenic human MDR1.	2005 Apr	15725475
Mechanisms of thymidine kinase/ganciclovir and cytosine deaminase/ 5-fluorocytosine suicide gene therapy-induced cell death in glioma cells.	2005 Feb 10	15592511
Induction of thioredoxin reductase as an adaptive response to acrolein in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.	2005 Feb 25	15652504
Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha increases the expression and activity of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein in the liver.	2005 Jan 14	15537571
Mechanism of TNF-{alpha} modulation of Caco-2 intestinal epithelial tight junction barrier: role of myosin light-chain kinase protein expression.	2005 Mar	15701621
Mitochondrial redox state regulates transcription of the nuclear-encoded mitochondrial protein manganese superoxide dismutase: a proposed adaptive response to mitochondrial redox imbalance.	2005 Mar 1	15683720
Promoting insulin secretion in pancreatic islets by means of bisphenol A and nonylphenol via intracellular estrogen receptors.	2005 May	15778011

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

Wilms’ Tumor, Childhood Rhabdomyosarcoma and Ewing’s Sarcoma: Regimens of 15 mcg/kg intravenously daily for five days administered in various combinations and schedules with other chemotherapeutic agents; Metastatic Nonseminomatous Testicular Cancer: 1000 mcg/m2 intravenously on Day 1 as part of a combination regimen with cyclophosphamide, bleomycin, vinblastine, and cisplatin; Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia: 12 mcg/kg intravenously daily for five days as a single agent. 500 mcg intravenously on Days 1 and 2 as part of a combination regimen with etoposide, methotrexate, folinic acid, vincristine, cyclophosphamide and cisplatin; Regional Perfusion in Locally Recurrent and Locoregional Solid Malignancies: 50 mcg (0.05 mg) per kilogram of body weight for lower extremity or pelvis, 35 mcg (0.035 mg) per kilogram of body weight for upper extremity.

Route of Administration: Intravenous

In Vitro Use Guide

Human osteosarcoma cell line MG63 were incubated with dactinomycin (actinomycin D) at final concentrations of 0.1, 0.5, 1 and 5 uM during 0, 2, 6 and 24 hours. The drug was shown to inhibit the proliferation of cells by decreasing cyclin gene transcriptions.

Substance Class	Chemical Created by `admin` on `Wed Apr 02 07:33:17 GMT 2025` Edited by `admin` on `Wed Apr 02 07:33:17 GMT 2025`
Record UNII	1CC1JFE158
Record Status	`FAILED`
Record Version

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Name

Type

Language

Actinomycin D

Preferred Name

English

DACTINOMYCIN

Official Name

English

DACTINOMYCIN [HSDB]

Common Name

English

ACTINOMYCIN C1

Common Name

English

ACTINOMYCIN D [WHO-IP]

Common Name

English

DACTINOMYCIN [WHO-IP]

Common Name

English

3H-PHENOXAZINE-1,9-DICARBOXAMIDE, 2-AMINO-N,N'-BIS(HEXADECAHYDRO-6,13-DIISOPROPYL-2,5,9-TRIMETHYL-1,4,7,11,14-PENTAOXO-1H-PYRROLO(2,1-I)(1,4,7,10,13)OXATETRAAZACYCLOHEXADECIN-10-YL)-4,6-DIMETHYL-3-OXO-

Common Name

English

ACTINOMYCIN-D

Common Name

English

ACTINOMYCIN I1

Common Name

English

DILACTONE ACTINOMYCIN D ACID

Common Name

English

ACTINOMYCIN D [JAN]

Common Name

English

DACTINOMYCIN [USP-RS]

Common Name

English

GNF-PF-2290

Code

English

DACTINOMYCIN [USP MONOGRAPH]

Common Name

English

ACTINOMYCIN D [IARC]

Common Name

English

DACTINOMYCIN [MART.]

Common Name

English

DACTINOMYCIN [USAN]

Common Name

English

DACTINOMYCIN [VANDF]

Common Name

English

MERACTINOMYCIN

Common Name

English

Dactinomycin [WHO-DD]

Common Name

English

ACTINOMYCIN X1

Common Name

English

DACTINOMYCINUM [WHO-IP LATIN]

Common Name

English

DACTINOMYCIN [MI]

Common Name

English

DACTINOMYCIN [ORANGE BOOK]

Common Name

English

N,N'-((2-AMINO-4,6-DIMETHYL-3-OXO-3H-PHENOXAZINE-1,9-DIYL)-BIS(CARBONYLIMINO(2-HYDROXYPROPYLIDENE)CARBONYLIMINOISOBUTYLIDENECARBONYL-1,2-PYRROLIDINEDIYLCARBONYL(METHYLIMINO)METHYLENECARBONYL))BIS(N-METHYL-L-VALINE) DILACTONE

Common Name

English

NSC-3053

Code

English

NCI-C04682

Code

English

ACTINOMYCIN IV

Common Name

English

dactinomycin [INN]

Common Name

English

ONCOSTATIN K

Common Name

English

COSMEGEN

Brand Name

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

NCI_THESAURUS

C204