EZOGABINE

US Previously Marketed

Details

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula	C16H18FN3O2
Molecular Weight	303.3314
Optical Activity	NONE
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

CCOC(=O)NC1=CC=C(NCC2=CC=C(F)C=C2)C=C1N

InChI

InChIKey=PCOBBVZJEWWZFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI=1S/C16H18FN3O2/c1-2-22-16(21)20-15-8-7-13(9-14(15)18)19-10-11-3-5-12(17)6-4-11/h3-9,19H,2,10,18H2,1H3,(H,20,21)

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Molecular Formula	C16H18FN3O2
Molecular Weight	303.3314
Charge	0
Count

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Additional Stereochemistry	No
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	0
Optical Activity	NONE

Description
Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2016/022345s011lbl.pdf
Curator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21686305; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=22221318

Ezogabine (U.S. adopted name) or retigabine (international nonproprietary name) is one of a family of aminopyrroles with anticonvulsant activity. It is used as an adjunctive treatment for partial epilepsies in treatment-experienced adult patients. The drug was approved by the European Medicines Agency under the trade name Trobalt and by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), under the trade name Potiga. The mechanism by which ezogabine exerts its therapeutic effects has not been fully elucidated. In vitro studies indicate that ezogabine enhances transmembrane potassium currents mediated by the KCNQ (Kv7.2 to 7.5) family of ion channels. By activating KCNQ channels, ezogabine is thought to stabilize the resting membrane potential and reduce brain excitability. This mechanism of action is unique among antiepileptic drugs, and may hold promise for the treatment of other neurologic conditions, including migraine, tinnitus and neuropathic pain. In vitro studies suggest that ezogabine may also exert therapeutic effects through augmentation of GABA-mediated currents.

CNS Activity

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Condition	Potency
KCNQ (Kv7) potassium channel 10 Target ID: CHEMBL2363063 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=21686305	Activator 1447		1.6 µM [EC50]

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Targets	Highest Phase	Product
Partial-onset seizures 6 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2016/022345s011lbl.pdf	Secondary		Approved 8583	POTIGA Approved Use Indicated as adjunctive treatment of partial-onset seizures in patients aged 18 years and older who have responded inadequately to several alternative treatments and for whom the benefits outweigh the risk of retinal abnormalities and potential decline in visual acuity Launch Date 2011

C_max

Value	Dose	Analyte	Population
414 ng/mL OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf	100 mg single, oral dose: 100 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	EZOGABINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN
498 ng/mL OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf	100 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral dose: 100 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered:	EZOGABINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN
819 ng/mL OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf	200 mg single, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	EZOGABINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN
978 ng/mL OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf	200 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered:	EZOGABINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN
842 ng/mL OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf	250 mg single, oral dose: 250 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	EZOGABINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN
993 ng/mL OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf	250 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral dose: 250 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered:	EZOGABINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN
551.9 ng/mL OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf	200 mg single, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	EZOGABINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: HIGH-FAT
561 ng/mL OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf	200 mg single, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	EZOGABINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED
938.7 ng/mL OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf	400 mg single, oral dose: 400 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	EZOGABINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: HIGH-FAT
728.8 ng/mL OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf	400 mg single, oral dose: 400 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	EZOGABINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED

AUC

Value	Dose	Analyte	Population
1831 ng × h/mL OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf	100 mg single, oral dose: 100 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	EZOGABINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN
1914 ng × h/mL OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf	100 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral dose: 100 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered:	EZOGABINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN
5134 ng × h/mL OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf	200 mg single, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	EZOGABINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN
5279 ng × h/mL OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf	200 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered:	EZOGABINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN
5136 ng × h/mL OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf	250 mg single, oral dose: 250 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	EZOGABINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN
5184 ng × h/mL OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf	250 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral dose: 250 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered:	EZOGABINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN
3972.5 ng × h/mL OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf	200 mg single, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	EZOGABINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: HIGH-FAT
4393.8 ng × h/mL OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf	200 mg single, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	EZOGABINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED
7895.9 ng × h/mL OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf	400 mg single, oral dose: 400 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	EZOGABINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: HIGH-FAT
7355.9 ng × h/mL OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf	400 mg single, oral dose: 400 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	EZOGABINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED

T_1/2

Value	Dose	Analyte	Population
8.4 h OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf	100 mg single, oral dose: 100 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	EZOGABINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN
7.2 h OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf	100 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral dose: 100 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered:	EZOGABINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN
7.4 h OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf	200 mg single, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	EZOGABINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN
7 h OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf	200 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral dose: 200 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered:	EZOGABINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN
7.9 h OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf	250 mg single, oral dose: 250 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	EZOGABINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN
6.8 h OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf	250 mg 2 times / day multiple, oral dose: 250 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: MULTIPLE co-administered:	EZOGABINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: UNKNOWN
6.28 h OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf	400 mg single, oral dose: 400 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	EZOGABINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: HIGH-FAT
7.57 h OTHER GOV https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf	400 mg single, oral dose: 400 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered:	EZOGABINE plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: MALE food status: FASTED

Overview

CYP3A4	CYP2C9	CYP2D6	hERG
	inhibitor 2438	inhibitor 2507	inhibitor 2217

OverviewOther

Other Inhibitor	Other Substrate	Other Inducer
CYP1A2 2153 CYP2A6 879 CYP2C8 1057 CYP2C19 2057 CYP2E1 1060 CYP3A4/5 296 P-gp 1741	UGT1A1 479 UGT1A3 470 UGT1A9 423 UGT1A4 399 UGT1A6 343 UGT1A7 249 UGT1A10 331 UGT2B4 278 UGT2B7 456 UGT2B15 236 CYP 450 32 P-gp 2052	CYP1A2 832 CYP3A4/5 133 CYP2C 17 P-gp 301

Drug as perpetrator

Target	Modality	Activity	Metabolite
P-gp 1932	inhibitor 4027 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf#page=149 Page: 149.0	likely	N-AMR 3
CYP1A2 2333	inducer 1966 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf#page=177 Page: 177.0	no
CYP1A2 2333	inhibitor 4027 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2011/022345s000lbl.pdf#page=15 Page: 15.0	no
CYP2A6 911	inhibitor 4027 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2011/022345s000lbl.pdf#page=15 Page: 15.0	no
CYP2C 37	inducer 1966 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf#page=177 Page: 177.0	no
CYP2C19 2141	inhibitor 4027 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2011/022345s000lbl.pdf#page=15 Page: 15.0	no
CYP2C8 1117	inhibitor 4027 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2011/022345s000lbl.pdf#page=15 Page: 15.0	no
CYP2C9 2497	inhibitor 4027 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2011/022345s000lbl.pdf#page=15 Page: 15.0	no
CYP2D6 2546	inhibitor 4027 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2011/022345s000lbl.pdf#page=15 Page: 15.0	no
CYP2E1 1146	inhibitor 4027 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2011/022345s000lbl.pdf#page=15 Page: 15.0	no
CYP3A4/5 357	inducer 1966 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf#page=177 Page: 177.0	no
CYP3A4/5 357	inhibitor 4027 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2011/022345s000lbl.pdf#page=15 Page: 15.0	no
P-gp 1932	inducer 1966 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf#page=177 Page: 177.0	no
P-gp 1932	inhibitor 4027 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2011/022345s000lbl.pdf#page=15 Page: 15.0	no

Drug as victim

Target	Modality	Activity	Clinical evidence
CYP 450 32	substrate 4014 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2011/022345s000lbl.pdf#page=14 Page: 14.0	no evidence
P-gp 2052	substrate 4014 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2011/022345s000lbl.pdf#page=15 Page: 15.0	no
UGT1A10 331	substrate 4014 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf#page=100 Page: 100.0	no
UGT1A6 343	substrate 4014 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf#page=100 Page: 100.0	no
UGT1A7 249	substrate 4014 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf#page=100 Page: 100.0	no
UGT2B15 236	substrate 4014 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf#page=100 Page: 100.0	no
UGT2B4 278	substrate 4014 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf#page=100 Page: 100.0	no
UGT2B7 456	substrate 4014 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf#page=100 Page: 100.0	no
UGT1A3 470	substrate 4014 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2011/022345s000lbl.pdf#page=14 Page: 14.0	yes
UGT1A4 399	substrate 4014 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf#page=100 Page: 100.0	yes
UGT1A9 423	substrate 4014 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2011/022345s000lbl.pdf#page=14 Page: 14.0	yes
UGT1A1 479	substrate 4014 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2011/022345s000lbl.pdf#page=14 Page: 14.0	yes	no (pharmacogenomic study) Comment: AUC of the acetylated metabolite was higher in subjects with UGT1A1*28 mutation versus subjects with UGT1A1 wildtype. The differences in PK parameters do not warrant dose change recommendations. Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2011/022345s000lbl.pdf#page=14 Page: 14.0

Tox targets

Target	Modality	Activity	Metabolite	Clinical evidence
hERG 2263	inhibitor 2237 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2011/022345Orig1s000PharmR.pdf#page=19 Page: 19.0

Sourcing

Vendor/Aggregator	ID	URL
ChEBI	CHEBI:68584	https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:68584
ChemicalBook	CB7506804	https://www.chemicalbook.com/ChemicalProductProperty_EN_CB7506804
eMolecules	2729733	https://www.emolecules.com/cgi-bin/more?vid=2729733
MolPort	MolPort-003-850-148	https://www.molport.com/shop/molecule-link/MolPort-003-850-148
ZINC	ZINC000000016154	http://zinc15.docking.org/substances/ZINC000000016154

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
		252160861
Future prospects for the drug treatment of epilepsy.	2001	11735615
The new generation of GABA enhancers. Potential in the treatment of epilepsy.	2001	11475940
Progress report on new antiepileptic drugs: a summary of the Fifth Eilat Conference (EILAT V).	2001 Jan	11137386
Delayed sclerosis, neuroprotection, and limbic epileptogenesis after status epilepticus in the rat.	2002	12121301
Novel anticonvulsant medications in development.	2002 Oct	12387702
Progress report on new antiepileptic drugs: a summary of the Sixth Eilat Conference (EILAT VI).	2002 Sep	12350382
Pharmacokinetic interaction between retigabine and lamotrigine in healthy subjects.	2003 Apr	12698305
Voltage-independent KCNQ4 currents induced by (+/-)BMS-204352.	2003 Aug	12851819
A medium-throughput functional assay of KCNQ2 potassium channels using rubidium efflux and atomic absorption spectrometry.	2003 Aug 15	12871719
KCNQ/M currents in sensory neurons: significance for pain therapy.	2003 Aug 6	12904483
The therapeutic potential of neuronal KCNQ channel modulators.	2003 Dec	14640909
Activation of M1 muscarinic receptors triggers transmitter release from rat sympathetic neurons through an inhibition of M-type K+ channels.	2003 Dec 15	14555721
Protein 4.1N is required for translocation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 to the basolateral membrane domain in polarized Madin-Darby canine kidney cells.	2003 Feb 7	12444087
Effects of age and sex on the disposition of retigabine.	2003 Jan	12545144
Neuroprotective effects of anticonvulsants in rat hippocampal slice cultures exposed to oxygen/glucose deprivation.	2003 Jan 2	12531459
The anticonvulsant retigabine attenuates nociceptive behaviours in rat models of persistent and neuropathic pain.	2003 Jan 24	12559370
Lack of pharmacokinetic interaction between retigabine and phenobarbitone at steady-state in healthy subjects.	2003 Jul	12848774
Synergy between retigabine and GABA in modulating the convulsant site of the GABAA receptor complex.	2003 Mar 19	12620500
Effect of the KCNQ potassium channel opener retigabine on single KCNQ2/3 channels expressed in CHO cells.	2003 May 15	12702739
KCNQ2 is a nodal K+ channel.	2004 Feb 4	14762142
Pharmacological characterisation of acid-induced muscle allodynia in rats.	2004 Mar 8	15033380
Mice carrying the szt1 mutation exhibit increased seizure susceptibility and altered sensitivity to compounds acting at the m-channel.	2004 Sep	15329063
Ion channel defects in idiopathic epilepsies.	2005	16101452
Ion channels and epilepsy.	2005	15974971
Kv7/KCNQ/M and HCN/h, but not KCa2/SK channels, contribute to the somatic medium after-hyperpolarization and excitability control in CA1 hippocampal pyramidal cells.	2005 Aug 1	15890705
Anxiolytic effects of Maxipost (BMS-204352) and retigabine via activation of neuronal Kv7 channels.	2005 Jul	15814569
Presynaptic inhibition of transmitter release from rat sympathetic neurons by bradykinin.	2005 Jun	15934932
Molecular determinants of KCNQ (Kv7) K+ channel sensitivity to the anticonvulsant retigabine.	2005 May 18	15901787
The KCNQ5 potassium channel from mouse: a broadly expressed M-current like potassium channel modulated by zinc, pH, and volume changes.	2005 Sep 13	15963599
Retigabine: chemical synthesis to clinical application.	2005 Spring	15867950
Gateways to clinical trials.	2006 Apr	16810345
Retigabine and flupirtine exert neuroprotective actions in organotypic hippocampal cultures.	2006 Aug	16697426
A spontaneous mutation involving Kcnq2 (Kv7.2) reduces M-current density and spike frequency adaptation in mouse CA1 neurons.	2006 Feb 15	16481438
Pulmonary vasoconstrictor action of KCNQ potassium channel blockers.	2006 Feb 20	16504007
N-Glucuronidation of the antiepileptic drug retigabine: results from studies with human volunteers, heterologously expressed human UGTs, human liver, kidney, and liver microsomal membranes of Crigler-Najjar type II.	2006 Jun	16713428
Diverse mechanisms of antiepileptic drugs in the development pipeline.	2006 Jun	16621450
KCNQ/Kv7 channel regulation of hippocampal gamma-frequency firing in the absence of synaptic transmission.	2006 May	16467425
KCNQ channels mediate IKs, a slow K+ current regulating excitability in the rat node of Ranvier.	2006 May 15	16527853
Kv7/KCNQ/M-channels in rat glutamatergic hippocampal axons and their role in regulation of excitability and transmitter release.	2006 Oct 1	16840518
The KCNQ channel opener retigabine inhibits the activity of mesencephalic dopaminergic systems of the rat.	2006 Sep	16775195
A tale of switched functions: from cyclooxygenase inhibition to M-channel modulation in new diphenylamine derivatives.	2007 Dec 26	18159230
Pharmacological comparison of anticonvulsant drugs in animal models of persistent pain and anxiety.	2007 Oct	17714743
The effectiveness of anticonvulsants in psychiatric disorders.	2008	18472486
Nervous system KV7 disorders: breakdown of a subthreshold brake.	2008 Apr 1	18238816
The mechanisms of neurodegenerative processes and current pharmacotherapy of Alzheimer's disease.	2008 Feb	18401056
Gateways to clinical trials.	2008 Mar	18560631
Bimodal effects of the Kv7 channel activator retigabine on vascular K+ currents.	2008 Sep	18536747
Retigabine, the specific KCNQ channel opener, blocks ectopic discharges in axotomized sensory fibres.	2008 Sep 15	18331780
Expression and function of K(v)7 channels in murine myometrium throughout oestrous cycle.	2009 Mar	18709386

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

Potiga should be given orally in 3 equally divided doses daily, with or without food. The initial dosage should be 100 mg 3 times daily (300 mg per day) and should be increased gradually at weekly intervals by no more than 50 mg 3 times daily (increase in the daily dose of no more than 150 mg per day) up to a maintenance dosage of 200 mg to 400 mg 3 times daily (600 mg to 1,200 mg per day), based on individual patient response and tolerability.

Route of Administration: Oral

In Vitro Use Guide

KCNQ4 channels, stably expressed in HEK293 cells, were activated by retigabine (ezogabine) in a reversible and concentration-dependent manner in the concentration range 0.1-10 uM. Retigabine shifted the KCNQ4 channel activation curves towards more negative potentials by about 10 mV.

Substance Class	Chemical Created by `admin` on `Wed Apr 02 08:30:22 GMT 2025` Edited by `admin` on `Wed Apr 02 08:30:22 GMT 2025`
Record UNII	12G01I6BBU
Record Status	`Validated (UNII)`
Record Version

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Name

Type

Language

RETIGABINE

Preferred Name

English

EZOGABINE

Official Name

English

Retigabine [WHO-DD]

Common Name

English

POTIGA

Brand Name

English

AWD-21360

Code

English

XEN-496

Code

English

GW582892X

Code

English

EZOGABINE [MI]

Common Name

English

TROBALT

Brand Name

English

GKE-841

Code

English

EZOGABINE [VANDF]

Common Name

English

GW-582892X

Code

English

RETIGABINE [MART.]

Common Name

English

retigabine [INN]

Common Name

English

AWD21-360

Code

English

CARBAMIC ACID, (2-AMINO-4-(((4-FLUORO-PHENYL)METHYL)AMINO)PHENYL)-ETHYL ESTER

Systematic Name

English

RETIGABINE [EMA EPAR]

Common Name

English

XEN496

Code

English

D-23129

Code

English

WAY-143841

Code

English

EZOGABINE [ORANGE BOOK]

Common Name

English

N-[2-Amino-4-(4-fluorobenzylamino)-phenyl]carbamic acid ethyl ester

Systematic Name

English

EZOGABINE [USAN]

Common Name

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

NDF-RT

N0000182729