ICOSAPENT

First approved in 2008

Details

Stereochemistry	ACHIRAL
Molecular Formula	C20H30O2
Molecular Weight	302.451
Optical Activity	NONE
Defined Stereocenters	0 / 0
E/Z Centers	5
Charge	0

SHOW SMILES / InChI

Structure Search

SMILES

CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O

InChI

InChIKey=JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-JLNKQSITSA-N

InChI=1S/C20H30O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18-19-20(21)22/h3-4,6-7,9-10,12-13,15-16H,2,5,8,11,14,17-19H2,1H3,(H,21,22)/b4-3-,7-6-,10-9-,13-12-,16-15-

HIDE SMILES / InChI

Description
Sources: http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00159
Curator's Comment: Description was created based on several sources, including http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2012/202057Orig1s000Lbl.pdf

Icosapent is an important polyunsaturated fatty acid found in fish oils. It serves as the precursor for the prostaglandin-3 and thromboxane-3 families. A diet rich in eicosapentaenoic acid lowers serum lipid concentration, reduces incidence of cardiovascular disorders, prevents platelet aggregation, and inhibits arachidonic acid conversion into the thromboxane-2 and prostaglandin-2 families. EPA can be used for lowering elevated triglycerides in those who are hyperglyceridemic. In addition, EPA may play a therapeutic role in patients with cystic fibrosis by reducing disease severity and may play a similar role in type 2 diabetics in slowing the progression of diabetic nephropathy.

CNS Activity

Originator

Approval Year

Targets

Primary Target	Pharmacology	Potency
GO:0004144 diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase activity 4 Target ID: GO:0004144 diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase activity Sources: https://www.vascepa.com/assets/pdf/Vascepa_PI.pdf \| https://adisinsight.springer.com/drugs/800015122 \| https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27444154	Inhibitor 8297
GO:0004465 lipoprotein lipase activity 4 Target ID: GO:0004465 lipoprotein lipase activity Sources: https://www.vascepa.com/assets/pdf/Vascepa_PI.pdf \| https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27444154	Activator 1430
fatty acid beta-oxidation 4 Target ID: GO:0006635 Sources: https://www.vascepa.com/assets/pdf/Vascepa_PI.pdf \| https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27444154	Activator 1430
lipoprotein oxidation 4 Target ID: GO:0042161 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26945158	Inhibitor 8297	2.5 µM [IC50]
transformed cell apoptotic process 108 Target ID: GO:0006927 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26295255	Activator 1430	35.0 µM [IC50]
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta 29 Target ID: CHEMBL3979 Sources: http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00159	Agonist 2678
Prolyl endopeptidase 9 Target ID: CHEMBL3202 Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16478242	Inhibitor 8297	247.5 µM [Ki]
Receptor-mediated non-selective cation current (Icat) 4 Target ID: Receptor-mediated non-selective cation current (Icat) Sources: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9105714	Inhibitor 8297	7.0 µM [IC50]
Cyclooxygenase-2 196 Target ID: CHEMBL230 Sources: http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00159	Inhibitor 8297
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma 111 Target ID: CHEMBL235 Sources: http://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00159	Agonist 2678

Conditions

Condition	Modality	Highest Phase	Product
Hypertriglyceridemia 17 Sources: http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2012/202057Orig1s000Lbl.pdf	Primary	Approved 8429	Vascepa Approved Use Indicated as an adjunct to diet to reduce triglyceride (TG) levels in adult patients with severe (≥ 500 mg/dL) hypertriglyceridemia. Launch Date 2012
Major depressive disorder 173 Sources: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02553915	Primary	Phase III 656	Unknown Approved Use Unknown
Alzheimer’s disease 272 Sources: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02719327	Primary	Phase III 656	Unknown Approved Use Unknown

C_max

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
347 μg/mL REVIEW https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25428605/	4 g 2 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 4 g route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered:		ICOSAPENT plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FED

AUC

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
6.519 μg × h/mL REVIEW https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25428605/	4 g 2 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 4 g route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered:		ICOSAPENT plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FED

T_1/2

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
89 h REVIEW https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25428605/	4 g 2 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 4 g route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered:		ICOSAPENT plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FED

F_unbound

Value	Dose	Co-administered	Analyte	Population
1% REVIEW https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25428605/	4 g 2 times / day steady-state, oral dose: 4 g route of administration: Oral experiment type: STEADY-STATE co-administered:		ICOSAPENT plasma	Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FED

Overview

CYP3A4	CYP2C9	CYP2D6	hERG
inducer 781	inhibitor 1767 inducer 389

OverviewOther

Other Inhibitor	Other Substrate	Other Inducer
CYP2C19 1478 CYP2C8 911 CYP2B6 810 P-gp 1461 BCRP 699 OCT2 647 OAT1 599 OATP1B1 788 OATP1B3 706 OAT3 642	P-gp 1537 BCRP 561 OCT2 355 OAT1 326 OATP1B1 406 OATP1B3 350 OAT3 339 CYP 270	CYP1A2 701

Drug as perpetrator

Target	Modality	Activity	Clinical evidence
BCRP 773	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2012/202057Orig1s000PharmR.pdf#page=32 Page: 32.0	no
CYP1A2 1692	inducer 1573 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2012/202057Orig1s000PharmR.pdf#page=27 Page: 27.0	no
OAT1 603	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2012/202057Orig1s000PharmR.pdf#page=32 Page: 32.0	no
OATP1B1 803	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2012/202057Orig1s000PharmR.pdf#page=32 Page: 32.0	no
OATP1B3 715	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2012/202057Orig1s000PharmR.pdf#page=32 Page: 32.0	no
OCT2 648	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2012/202057Orig1s000PharmR.pdf#page=32 Page: 32.0	no
P-gp 1650	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2012/202057Orig1s000PharmR.pdf#page=32 Page: 32.0	no
CYP2C9 1819	inducer 1573 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2012/202057Orig1s000PharmR.pdf#page=27 Page: 27.0	no	no (co-administration study) Comment: Vascepa did not affect the AUC or Cmax of exposure of racemic warfarin; https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2019/202057s035lbl.pdf Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2012/202057Orig1s000PharmR.pdf#page=27 Page: 27.0
CYP3A4 1925	inducer 1573 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2012/202057Orig1s000PharmR.pdf#page=27 Page: 27.0	no	no (co-administration study) Comment: Vascepa did not affect the AUC or Cmax of exposure of atorvastatin; https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2019/202057s035lbl.pdf Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2012/202057Orig1s000PharmR.pdf#page=27 Page: 27.0
CYP2C8 965	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2012/202057Orig1s000PharmR.pdf#page=27 Page: 27;28	weak [IC50 12.8 uM]	no (co-administration study) Comment: Vascepa did not affect the AUC or Cmax of exposure of rosiglitazone; https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2019/202057s035lbl.pdf Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2012/202057Orig1s000PharmR.pdf#page=27 Page: 27;28
CYP2B6 1001	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2012/202057Orig1s000PharmR.pdf#page=27 Page: 27;28	weak [IC50 14 uM]
CYP2C9 1819	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2012/202057Orig1s000PharmR.pdf#page=27 Page: 27;28	weak [IC50 14 uM]	no (co-administration study) Comment: Vascepa did not affect the AUC or Cmax of exposure of racemic warfarin; https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2019/202057s035lbl.pdf Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2012/202057Orig1s000PharmR.pdf#page=27 Page: 27;28
CYP2C19 1553	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2012/202057Orig1s000PharmR.pdf#page=27 Page: 27;28	weak [IC50 8.4 uM]	no (co-administration study) Comment: Vascepa did not affect the AUC or Cmax of exposure of omeprazole; https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2019/202057s035lbl.pdf Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2012/202057Orig1s000PharmR.pdf#page=27 Page: 27;28
OAT3 644	inhibitor 3277 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2012/202057Orig1s000PharmR.pdf#page=32 Page: 32.0	yes [Inhibition 1 uM]

Drug as victim

Target	Modality	Activity
BCRP 561	substrate 3367 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2012/202057Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf#page=14 Page: 14.0	no
CYP 270	substrate 3367 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2012/202057Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf#page=25 Page: 25.0	no
OAT1 326	substrate 3367 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2012/202057Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf#page=14 Page: 14.0	no
OAT3 339	substrate 3367 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2012/202057Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf#page=14 Page: 14.0	no
OATP1B1 406	substrate 3367 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2012/202057Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf#page=14 Page: 14.0	no
OATP1B3 350	substrate 3367 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2012/202057Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf#page=14 Page: 14.0	no
OCT2 355	substrate 3367 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2012/202057Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf#page=14 Page: 14.0	no
P-gp 1537	substrate 3367 Sources: https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/nda/2012/202057Orig1s000ClinPharmR.pdf#page=25 Page: 25.0	no

Sourcing

Vendor/Aggregator	ID	URL
AA Blocks	AA0037XT	https://www.aablocks.com/goods/Goods/detail?id=AA0037XT
AHH Chemical co.,ltd	MT-11661	http://www.ahhchemical.com/product/MT-11661.html
AK Scientific, Inc. (AKSCI)	1755AH	http://www.aksci.com/item_detail.php?cat=1755AH
Aaron Chemicals	AR0038PL	http://www.aaronchem.com/10417-94-4
AbMole Bioscience	M5608	http://www.abmole.com/products/eicosapentaenoic-acid.html
Alfa Chemistry	AP10417944	https://reagents.alfa-chemistry.com/product/cis-5-8-11-14-17-eicosapentaenoic-acid-cas-10417-94-4-988.html
Alfa Chemistry	10417-94-4	https://www.alfa-chemistry.com/epa-cas-10417-94-4-item-289473.htm
Alichem	490013200	http://www.alichem.com/en/products/10417-94-4.html
Allbio Pharm Co., Ltd	AB00247	http://www.allbiopharm.com/product/n/AB00247
Alsachim	978	http://www.alsachim.com/product-C3217-glo.bal-view.html
Aurora Fine Chemicals LLC	A17.876.800	http://online.aurorafinechemicals.com/info?ID=A17.876.800
AvaChem Scientific	6305	https://www.avachem.com/productSearch.asp?6305
BLD Pharm	BD127342	http://www.bldpharm.com/products/10417-94-4.html
BioSynth	J-001125	https://www.biosynth.com/en/products/all-products/products/J-001125.html
CSNpharm	CSN10913	https://www.csnpharm.com/products/eicosapentaenoic-acid.html
Calbiochem	324875	http://www.emdbiosciences.com/product/324875
Chem Scene	CS-2895	http://www.chemscene.com/10417-94-4.html
Chemenu	CM126647	http://www.chemenu.com/products/CM126647
Chemspace	CSSB00016999425	https://chem-space.com/CSSB00016999425
DC Chemicals	DC31714	http://www.dcchemicals.com//product_show-Icosapent.html
EMD Millipore	324875	http://www.emdbiosciences.com/product/324875
Glentham Life Sciences	GK4054	http://www.glentham.com/products/product/GK4054/
Lab Network	LN01307220	https://labnetwork.com/frontend-app/p/#!/moleculedetails/LN01307220
MedChem Express	HY-B0660	https://www.medchemexpress.com/Eicosapentaenoic-Acid.html
MuseChem	I000242	https://www.musechem.com/product/I000242.html
Sigma-Aldrich	E-113_CERILLIAN	https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/cerillian/e113?utm_source=pubchem&utm_campaign=pubchem_2017&utm_medium=referral
Sigma-Aldrich	44864_SIAL	https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/sial/44864?utm_source=pubchem&utm_campaign=pubchem_2017&utm_medium=referral
Sigma-Aldrich	E2011_SIGMA	https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/sigma/e2011?utm_source=pubchem&utm_campaign=pubchem_2017&utm_medium=referral
Sigma-Aldrich	E7006_SIGMA	https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/sigma/e7006?utm_source=pubchem&utm_campaign=pubchem_2017&utm_medium=referral
Smolecule	S530376	http://www.smolecule.com/products/s530376
TCI (Tokyo Chemical Industry)	E0441	http://www.tcichemicals.com/eshop/en/us/commodity/E0441/index.html
THE BioTek	bt-269997	https://www.thebiotek.com/product/inhibitors/bt-269997
Tocris	5979	https://www.tocris.com/products/eicosapentaenoic-acid_5979
VladaChem	VL261029-100MG	https://www.vladachem.com/product.php?products=10417-94-4
abcr GmbH	AB135514	http://www.abcr.com/shop/en/AB135514
iChemical	EBD219836	http://www.ichemical.com/products/10417-94-4.html?utm_source=PubChem&utm_medium=website&utm_campaign=product%20catalogs

PubMed

Title	Date	PubMed
Comparison of the in vitro effect of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)-derived lipoxygenase metabolites on human platelet function with those of arachidonic acid.	1986 Feb 1	3010490
Effects of fasting on disease activity, neutrophil function, fatty acid composition, and leukotriene biosynthesis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.	1988 May	2837251
Lower levels of lipid peroxidation in human platelets incubated with eicosapentaenoic acid.	1992 Jul 29	1643099
Thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography for the assay of fatty acid compositions of individual phospholipids in platelets from non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients: effect of eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester administration.	1996 Mar 3	8704924
Dietary fish oil decreases superoxide generation by human neutrophils: relation to cyclooxygenase pathway and lysosomal enzyme release.	1996 Sep	8931114
Modulation in vitro of human natural cytotoxicity, lymphocyte proliferative response to mitogens and cytokine production by essential fatty acids.	1997 Oct	9415022
Organotropic chemopreventive effects of n-3 unsaturated fatty acids in a rat multi-organ carcinogenesis model.	2001 Nov	11714441
Eicosapentaenoic acid in the treatment of schizophrenia and depression: rationale and preliminary double-blind clinical trial results.	2003 Dec	14623502
Inhibition by eicosapentaenoic acid of IL-1beta-induced PGHS-2 expression in human microvascular endothelial cells: involvement of lipoxygenase-derived metabolites and p38 MAPK pathway.	2003 Feb 20	12573452
Troglitazone reduces activity of the Na+/H+ exchanger in fructose-fed borderline hypertensive rats.	2003 Jan	12661920
Supplementing lactating women with flaxseed oil does not increase docosahexaenoic acid in their milk.	2003 Jan	12499346
A pilot study of eicosapentaenoic acid therapy for ribavirin-related anemia in patients with chronic hepatitis C.	2003 Jun	12736713
Essential fatty acids in erythrocyte phospholipids during pregnancy and at delivery in mothers and their neonates: comparison with plasma phospholipids.	2004 Dec	15519495
Omega-3 fatty acids inhibit an increase of proinflammatory cytokines in patients with active Crohn's disease compared with omega-6 fatty acids.	2005 Dec	16305726
COX-2 inhibitors and metabolism of essential fatty acids.	2005 Jul	15990700
EPA and DHA reduce LPS-induced inflammation responses in HK-2 cells: evidence for a PPAR-gamma-dependent mechanism.	2005 Mar	15698426
Resolvin E1, an endogenous lipid mediator derived from omega-3 eicosapentaenoic acid, protects against 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis.	2005 May 24	15890784
Eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5 n-3) increases fatty acid and glucose uptake in cultured human skeletal muscle cells.	2006 Feb	16301737
The inhibitory effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids on human CYP enzymes.	2006 Nov 25	16978661
Unsaturated fatty acids suppress the expression of the ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1) and ABCA1 genes via an LXR/RXR responsive element.	2007 Mar	16730733
n3 and n6 polyunsaturated fatty acids differentially modulate prostaglandin E secretion but not markers of lipogenesis in adipocytes.	2009 Jan 21	19159447
Docosahexaenoic acid increases cellular adiponectin mRNA and secreted adiponectin protein, as well as PPARγ mRNA, in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.	2010 Dec	21164549
Ethyl-eicosapentaenoate modulates changes in neurochemistry and brain lipids induced by parkinsonian neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium in mouse brain slices.	2010 Dec 15	20868657
Omega-3 fatty acid oxidation products prevent vascular endothelial cell activation by coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls.	2011 Feb 15	21130106
A cardiac-specific robotized cellular assay identified families of human ligands as inducers of PGC-1α expression and mitochondrial biogenesis.	2012	23056435
Elevated blood pressure in cytochrome P4501A1 knockout mice is associated with reduced vasodilation to omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.	2012 Nov 1	22995157
Astaxanthin and omega-3 fatty acids individually and in combination protect against oxidative stress via the Nrf2-ARE pathway.	2013 Dec	24157545

Patents

Sample Use Guides

In Vivo Use Guide

The daily dose of VASCEPA ( (icosapent) is 4 grams per day taken as 2 capsules twice daily with food.

Route of Administration: Oral

In Vitro Use Guide

The approximate 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of EPA on LA-N-1 cells at 48 hours treatment was found to be 35 uM, whereas the IC50 for ALA on LA-N-1 cells at 48 hours treatment was found to be >50 uM.

Name

Type

Language

ICOSAPENT

Official Name

English

EPA

Common Name

English

EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID (EPA) (C20:5) (CONSTITUENT OF KRILL OIL) [DSC]

Common Name

English

TIMNODONIC ACID

Common Name

English

Eicosapentaenoic acid [WHO-DD]

Common Name

English

ALL-CIS-FATTY ACID 20:5 OMEGA-3

Common Name

English

INCROMEGA E 7010SR

Common Name

English

ROPUFA 70

Common Name

English

icosapent [INN]

Common Name

English

(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-5,8,11,14,17-EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID

Systematic Name

English

(ALL-Z)-5,8,11,14,17-EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID

Common Name

English

EICOSAPENTAENOATE

Systematic Name

English

EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID [INCI]

Common Name

English

EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID [MI]

Common Name

English

EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID (EPA) (C20:5 N3)

Common Name

English

EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID [USP-RS]

Common Name

English

C20:5 (N-3)

Common Name

English

EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID

Official Name

English

EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID (C20:5 N3)

Common Name

English

EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID [VANDF]

Common Name

English

EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID [MART.]

Common Name

English

EPA 45G

Code

English

Classification Tree Code System Code

LOINC

75097-6