Details
| Stereochemistry | ABSOLUTE |
| Molecular Formula | C19H19N7O6.2H2O |
| Molecular Weight | 477.428 |
| Optical Activity | UNSPECIFIED |
| Defined Stereocenters | 1 / 1 |
| E/Z Centers | 0 |
| Charge | 0 |
SHOW SMILES / InChI
SMILES
O.O.NC1=NC2=C(N=C(CNC3=CC=C(C=C3)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=N2)C(=O)N1
InChI
InChIKey=ODYNNYOEHBJUQP-LTCKWSDVSA-N
InChI=1S/C19H19N7O6.2H2O/c20-19-25-15-14(17(30)26-19)23-11(8-22-15)7-21-10-3-1-9(2-4-10)16(29)24-12(18(31)32)5-6-13(27)28;;/h1-4,8,12,21H,5-7H2,(H,24,29)(H,27,28)(H,31,32)(H3,20,22,25,26,30);2*1H2/t12-;;/m0../s1
DescriptionCurator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including
http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ja01853a512 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28031963 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1560436
Curator's Comment: description was created based on several sources, including
http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/ja01853a512 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28031963 | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1560436
Folic Acid is a B complex vitamin containing a pteridine moiety linked by a methylene bridge to para-aminobenzoic acid, which is joined by a peptide linkage to glutamic acid. Conjugates of Folic Acid are present in a wide variety of foods, particularly liver, kidneys, yeast and leafy green vegetables. Commercially available Folic Acid is prepared synthetically. Folic Acid occurs as a yellow or yellowish-orange crystalline powder and is very slightly soluble in water and insoluble in alcohol. Aqueous solutions of Folic Acid are heat sensitive and rapidly decompose in the presence of light and/or riboflavin; solutions should be stored in a cool place protected from light. Folic Acid is effective in the treatment of megaloblastic anemias due to a deficiency of Folic Acid (as may be seen in tropical or nontropical sprue) and in anemia of nutritional origin, pregnancy, infancy, or childhood. Folic Acid is relatively nontoxic in man. Rare instances of allergic responses to Folic Acid preparations have been reported and have included erythema, skin rash, itching, general malaise, and respiratory difficulty due to bronchospasm. Endocyte is developing an intravenous (IV) formulation of folic acid, called Neocepri®, which is intended for the diagnosis of positive folate receptor-positive status in patients with ovarian cancer when administered prior to the radioactive medicine, technetium Tc99m Etarfolatide. The benefits of Neocepri® are its ability to reduce the background activity observed on single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging in most normal, nontarget tissues (e.g. intestines, liver, kidney, spleen), thereby improving the image quality of the scans. The product had been granted orphan drug designation in the EU. Endocyte had filed a conditional marketing authorization application (CMA) with the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for Neocepri®.
CNS Activity
Approval Year
Targets
| Primary Target | Pharmacology | Condition | Potency |
|---|---|---|---|
Target ID: GO:0006760 |
Conditions
| Condition | Modality | Targets | Highest Phase | Product |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Curative | FOLVITE Approved UseIndications and Usage. Folic Acid is effective in the treatment of megaloblastic anemias due to a deficiency of Folic Acid (as may be seen in tropical or nontropical sprue) and in anemia of nutritional origin, pregnancy, infancy, or childhood. Launch Date1947 |
Cmax
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
25.4 ng/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18551467/ |
5 mg single, oral dose: 5 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
FOLIC ACID plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
AUC
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
76 ng × h/mL EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18551467/ |
5 mg single, oral dose: 5 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
FOLIC ACID plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
T1/2
| Value | Dose | Co-administered | Analyte | Population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
1.93 h EXPERIMENT https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18551467/ |
5 mg single, oral dose: 5 mg route of administration: Oral experiment type: SINGLE co-administered: |
FOLIC ACID plasma | Homo sapiens population: HEALTHY age: ADULT sex: FEMALE / MALE food status: FASTED |
Doses
| Dose | Population | Adverse events |
|---|---|---|
3 mg 1 times / day steady, oral (min) Highest studied dose Dose: 3 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 3 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
healthy, adult n = 480526 Health Status: healthy Condition: pregnant Age Group: adult Sex: F Population Size: 480526 Sources: |
Other AEs: Autism spectrum disorder... |
400 ug 1 times / day steady, oral Recommended Dose: 400 ug, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 400 ug, 1 times / day Sources: |
healthy, adult n = 1257 Health Status: healthy Condition: pregnant Age Group: adult Sex: F Population Size: 1257 Sources: |
AEs
| AE | Significance | Dose | Population |
|---|---|---|---|
| Autism spectrum disorder | 6.8% | 3 mg 1 times / day steady, oral (min) Highest studied dose Dose: 3 mg, 1 times / day Route: oral Route: steady Dose: 3 mg, 1 times / day Sources: |
healthy, adult n = 480526 Health Status: healthy Condition: pregnant Age Group: adult Sex: F Population Size: 480526 Sources: |
PubMed
| Title | Date | PubMed |
|---|---|---|
| Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in tropical sprue. | 2001 |
|
| A bifunctional dihydrofolate synthetase--folylpolyglutamate synthetase in Plasmodium falciparum identified by functional complementation in yeast and bacteria. | 2001 Feb |
|
| Hypercoagulable thrombophilic defects and hyperhomocysteinemia in patients with recurrent pregnancy loss. | 2001 Feb |
|
| Cloning, expression, genomic localization, and enzymatic activities of the mouse homolog of prostate-specific membrane antigen/NAALADase/folate hydrolase. | 2001 Feb |
|
| Determinants of changes in plasma homocysteine in hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. | 2001 Feb |
|
| Homocysteine and stroke. | 2001 Feb |
|
| The alpha folate receptor is highly activated in malignant pleural mesothelioma. | 2001 Feb |
|
| No effect of phenobarbital pretreatment of rats on methotrexate pharmacokinetics in the isolated liver perfused in a single-pass way. | 2001 Feb |
|
| Vitamin Intervention for Stroke Prevention (VISP) trial: rationale and design. | 2001 Feb |
|
| Low seminal plasma folate concentrations are associated with low sperm density and count in male smokers and nonsmokers. | 2001 Feb |
|
| Analysis of uracil DNA glycosylase in human colorectal cancer. | 2001 Feb |
|
| Intake of vegetables rich in carotenoids and risk of coronary heart disease in men: The Physicians' Health Study. | 2001 Feb |
|
| Lowered weight gain during pregnancy and risk of neural tube defects among offspring. | 2001 Feb |
|
| Folate reception by vegetative Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae: distribution of receptors and trafficking of ligand. | 2001 Feb |
|
| Homocysteine, its metabolites, and B-group vitamins in renal transplant patients. | 2001 Feb |
|
| Is there a role of cyclosporine A on total homocysteine export from human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells? | 2001 Feb |
|
| Effect of MTHFR genotypes and hyperhomocysteinemia on patient and graft survival in kidney transplant recipients. | 2001 Feb |
|
| Treatment of hyperhomocysteinemia in hemodialysis patients and renal transplant recipients. | 2001 Feb |
|
| Recent insights into the molecular genetics of the homocysteine metabolism. | 2001 Feb |
|
| Homocysteine metabolism in renal failure. | 2001 Feb |
|
| The folate cycle and disease in humans. | 2001 Feb |
|
| Changes in markers of anemia and iron metabolism and how they are influenced by antianemics in postpartum period. | 2001 Feb |
|
| C677T variant form at the MTHFR gene and CL/P: a risk factor for mothers? | 2001 Feb 1 |
|
| Bioactivity of [6R]-5-formyltetrahydrofolate, an unusual isomer, in humans and Enterococcus hirae, and cytochrome c oxidation of 10-formytetrahydrofolate to 10-formyldihydrofolate. | 2001 Feb 15 |
|
| Supplementation of atherogenic diet with B vitamins does not prevent atherosclerosis or vascular dysfunction in monkeys. | 2001 Feb 20 |
|
| [Homocysteine, endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular risk: pathomechanisms and therapeutic options]. | 2001 Jan |
|
| Homocysteine--a novel risk factor for vascular disease. | 2001 Jan |
|
| SLATE: a method for the superposition of flexible ligands. | 2001 Jan |
|
| Preconceptual folic acid: opportunity for preconceptual counseling offers opportunity to help prevent neural tube defects. | 2001 Jan |
|
| Effects of methionine loading on plasma and erythrocyte sulphur amino acids and sulph-hydryls before and after co-factor supplementation in haemodialysis patients. | 2001 Jan |
|
| Diet and cancer: one view at the start of the millennium. | 2001 Jan |
|
| Intravenous infusion of iron and tetrahydrofolate does not influence intrauterine uteroferrin and secreted folate-binding protein content in swine. | 2001 Jan |
|
| Oral clefts and vitamin supplementation. | 2001 Jan |
|
| Gene-environment and gene-gene interaction in the determination of plasma homocysteine levels in healthy middle-aged men. | 2001 Jan |
|
| Relationships between homocysteine, folate and vitamin B12 levels with the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphism, in Indians from Western Venezuela. | 2001 Jan |
|
| [Theoretical construction of chemotherapeutic tactics for advanced or recurrent gastrointestinal carcinoma]. | 2001 Jan |
|
| Characterization of three genes encoding enzymes of the folate biosynthetic pathway in Plasmodium falciparum. | 2001 Jan |
|
| Effects of folate supplementation on two provisional molecular markers of colon cancer: a prospective, randomized trial. | 2001 Jan |
|
| Homocysteine: a new cardiac risk factor? | 2001 Jan |
|
| Nitrous oxide-induced cobalamin deficiency. | 2001 Jan |
|
| Ascertainment of pregnancies terminated because of birth defects: effect on completeness of adding a new source of data. | 2001 Jan |
|
| Gastric tube graft interposition as an oesophageal substitute. | 2001 Jan |
|
| Retroviral expression of Escherichia coli thymidylate synthase cDNA confers high-level antifolate resistance to hematopoietic cells. | 2001 Jan 1 |
|
| Folic acid and miscarriage: an unjustified link. | 2001 Jan 15 |
|
| Physical activity and risk for cardiovascular events in diabetic women. | 2001 Jan 16 |
|
| Subnormal concentrations of serum cobalamin (vitamin B12) in cats with gastrointestinal disease. | 2001 Jan-Feb |
|
| Hyperhomocysteinemia is associated with venous thrombosis in patients with short bowel syndrome. | 2001 Jan-Feb |
|
| [Folates, vitamin B12, homocysteine and neural tube defects]. | 2001 Jan-Feb |
|
| Hyperhomocysteinemia and hypercholesterolemia associated with hypothyroidism in the third US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. | 2001 Mar |
|
| Knowledge on periconceptional use of folic acid in women of British Columbia. | 2001 Mar-Apr |
Patents
Sample Use Guides
Usual Adult Dose for Megaloblastic Anemia: 1 mg orally, intramuscularly, subcutaneously or IV once a day.
Nutritional Supplementation (Recommended daily allowance): Males: 400 mkg/day, Females: 400-800 mkg/day, Pregnant women: 600 mkg/day, Nursing women: 500 mkg/day, Upper limit: 1 mg/day.
Route of Administration:
Other
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135564683
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100000181483
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DTXSID20273931
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75708-92-8
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0S1T5C0JZL
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ACTIVE MOIETY
SUBSTANCE RECORD
