Lomustine is used in the treatment of certain neoplastic diseases. Although it is generally agreed that lomustine alkylates DNA and RNA, it is not cross resistant with other alkylators. As with other nitrosoureas, it may also inhibit several key enzymatic processes by carbamoylation of amino acids in proteins. Common adverse reactions include delayed myelosupression, nausea, vomiting, stomatitis, and alopecia.

1,3-Dicyclohexylurea (DCU) is a potent endogenous inhibitor of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), that has been found in human serum. Soluble epoxide hydrolase has been implicated in cardiovascular disease and inflammation in mammals. Endogenously produced 1,3-dicyclohexylurea may have physiological significance via regulation of soluble epoxide hydrolase activity in vivo.