Acetohydroxamic acid (also known as AHA or by the trade name Lithostat) is a synthetic drug derived from hydroxylamine and ethyl acetate, is similar in structure to urea. In the urine, it acts as an antagonist of the bacterial enzyme urease. Acetohydroxamic acid is used to lower the level of ammonia in the urine, which may help with some types of urinary infections. Acetohydroxamic Acid has no direct antimicrobial action and does not acidify urine directly. It is used, in addition to antibiotics or medical procedures, to treat chronic urea-splitting urinary infections. In 1983 the US Food and Drug Administration approved acetohydroxamic acid (AHA) as an orphan drug for "prevention of so-called struvite stones" under the newly enacted Orphan Drug Act of 1983.

Benurestat is a urease inhibitor, which as was shown in experiments on rats, could decrease in the urinary excretion of ammonia with experimental P. mirabilis genitourinary tract infection.

Deboxamet is a synthetic drug with anti-ulcer and anti-secretory activity, discovered by the Italian Istituto Biologico Chemioterapico ABC, S.p.A. The compound is claimed to have high anti-inflammatory action, as evidenced by the results of the tests of acute and chronic experimental phlogosis. Deboxamet demonstrated cytoprotective activity in a model of rat gastric mucosa necrosis. The cytoprotective effect of deboxamet is mediated by the rise of the availability of prostacyclins in the rat gastric mucosa.