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Restrict the search for
ketotifen
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There is one exact (name or code) match for ketotifen
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2008)
Source:
ANDA077200
(2008)
Source URL:
First approved in 1999
Source:
ZADITOR by ALCON PHARMA
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Ketotifen is a cycloheptathiophene blocker of histamine H1 receptors and release of inflammatory mediators. It has been proposed for the treatment of asthma, rhinitis, skin allergies, and anaphylaxis. Ketotifen was developed in 1970 by Sandoz Pharmaceuticals of Switzerland. It is a benzocycloheptathiophene derivative and was initially marketed as an inhibitor of anaphylaxis. The pharmacodynamic properties of ketotifen are many, because it is an inhibitor of the release and/or activity of mast cell and basophil mediators, including histamine, neutrophil, and eosinophil chemotactic factors, arachidonic acid metabolites, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes. Properties of ketotifen which may contribute to its antiallergic activity and its ability to affect the underlying pathology of asthma include inhibition of the development of airway hyper-reactivity associated with activation of platelets by PAF (Platelet Activating Factor), inhibition of PAF-induced accumulation of eosinophils and platelets in the airways, suppression of the priming of eosinophils by human recombinant cytokines and antagonism of bronchoconstriction due to leukotrienes. Ketotifen is marketed under many brand names worldwide. Ketotifen inhibits the release of mediators from mast cells involved in hypersensitivity reactions. Decreased chemotaxis and activation of eosinophils have also been demonstrated. Ketotifen also inhibits cAMP phosphodiesterase.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2008)
Source:
ANDA077200
(2008)
Source URL:
First approved in 1999
Source:
ZADITOR by ALCON PHARMA
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Conditions:
Ketotifen is a cycloheptathiophene blocker of histamine H1 receptors and release of inflammatory mediators. It has been proposed for the treatment of asthma, rhinitis, skin allergies, and anaphylaxis. Ketotifen was developed in 1970 by Sandoz Pharmaceuticals of Switzerland. It is a benzocycloheptathiophene derivative and was initially marketed as an inhibitor of anaphylaxis. The pharmacodynamic properties of ketotifen are many, because it is an inhibitor of the release and/or activity of mast cell and basophil mediators, including histamine, neutrophil, and eosinophil chemotactic factors, arachidonic acid metabolites, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes. Properties of ketotifen which may contribute to its antiallergic activity and its ability to affect the underlying pathology of asthma include inhibition of the development of airway hyper-reactivity associated with activation of platelets by PAF (Platelet Activating Factor), inhibition of PAF-induced accumulation of eosinophils and platelets in the airways, suppression of the priming of eosinophils by human recombinant cytokines and antagonism of bronchoconstriction due to leukotrienes. Ketotifen is marketed under many brand names worldwide. Ketotifen inhibits the release of mediators from mast cells involved in hypersensitivity reactions. Decreased chemotaxis and activation of eosinophils have also been demonstrated. Ketotifen also inhibits cAMP phosphodiesterase.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2011)
Source:
ANDA090870
(2011)
Source URL:
First approved in 2003
Source:
ELESTAT by ALLERGAN
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Targets:
Conditions:
Epinastine (brand names Alesion, Elestat, Purivist, Relestat) is a second-generation antihistamine and mast cell stabilizer. Epinastine is a topically active, direct H1-receptor antagonist and an inhibitor of the release of
histamine from the mast cell. Epinastine is selective for the histamine H1-receptor and has affinity for
the histamine H2 receptor. Epinastine also possesses affinity for the α1-, α2-, and 5-HT2 –receptors.
Epinastine does not penetrate the blood/brain barrier and, therefore, is not expected to induce side effects of the central nervous system. Elestat ophthalmic solution is indicated for the prevention of itching associated with
allergic conjunctivitis.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2011)
Source:
ANDA078365
(2011)
Source URL:
First approved in 2001
Source:
NDA021165
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Targets:
Desloratadine is an active, descarboethoxy metabolite of loratadine. It acts by selective inhibition of H1 histamine receptor and thus provides relief to patients with allergic rhinitis and chronic idiopathic urticaria. Desloratadine was approved by FDA and it is currently marketed under the name Clarinex (among the others).
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2012)
Source:
ANDA091567
(2012)
Source URL:
First approved in 1996
Source:
ALLEGRA by CHATTEM SANOFI
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Targets:
Conditions:
Fexofenadine is a second-generation, long lasting H1-receptor antagonist (antihistamine) which has a selective and peripheral H1-antagonist action. Histamine is a chemical that causes many of the signs that are part of allergic reactions, such as the swelling of tissues. Histamine is released from histamine-storing cells (mast cells) and attaches to other cells that have receptors for histamine. The attachment of the histamine to the receptors causes the cell to be "activated," releasing other chemicals which produce the effects that we associate with allergy. Fexofenadine blocks one type of receptor for histamine (the H1 receptor) and thus prevents activation of cells by histamine. Unlike most other antihistamines, Fexofenadine does not enter the brain from the blood and, therefore, does not cause drowsiness. Fexofenadine lacks the cardiotoxic potential of terfenadine, since it does not block the potassium channel involved in repolarization of cardiac cells. Fexofenadine is sold under the trade name Allegra among others. ALLEGRA is indicated for the relief of symptoms associated with seasonal allergic
rhinitis in adults and children 2 years of age and older.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2017)
Source:
ANDA204660
(2017)
Source URL:
First approved in 1996
Source:
ASTELIN by MYLAN SPCLT VIATRIS
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Azelastine, a phthalazine derivative, is an antihistamine and mast cell stabilizer. Azelastine is oxidatively metabolized to the principal active metabolite, desmethylazelastine, by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system. It is indicated for the relief of the symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis and perennial allergic rhinitis. The most common adverse reactions are: pyrexia, dysgeusia, nasal discomfort, epistaxis, headache, sneezing, fatigue, somnolence, upper respiratory infection, cough, rhinalgia, vomiting, otitis media, contact dermatitis, and oropharyngeal pain. Concurrent use of Azelastine with alcohol or other central nervous system depressants should be avoided because reductions in alertness and impairment of central nervous system performance may occur.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2015)
Source:
ANDA206306
(2015)
Source URL:
First approved in 1996
Source:
NDA020688
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Targets:
Olopatadine is an antihistamine (as well as anticholinergic and mast cell stabilizer) used to treat itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis (eye allergies). Olopatadine is a selective histamine H1 antagonist that binds to the histamine H1 receptor. This blocks the action of endogenous histamine, which subsequently leads to temporary relief of the negative symptoms brought on by histamine. Olopatadine is devoid of effects on alpha-adrenergic, dopamine and muscarinic type 1 and 2 receptors. Some known side effects include a headache (7% of occurrence), eye burning and/or stinging (5%), blurred vision, dry eyes, foreign body sensation, hyperemia, keratitis, eyelid edema, pruritus, asthenia, sore throat (pharyngitis), rhinitis, sinusitis, and taste perversion.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2013)
Source:
ANDA090362
(2013)
Source URL:
First approved in 1995
Source:
NDA022064
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Conditions:
Levocetirizine is the active enantiomer of cetirizine. It is inverse agonist of H1 receptors. Levocetirizine hydrochloride was approved for treatment of Allergic Rhinitis and Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2018)
Source:
ANDA210719
(2018)
Source URL:
First approved in 1988
Source:
ANDA077170
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Targets:
Cetirizine, a human metabolite of hydroxyzine, is an antihistamine; its principal effects are mediated via selective inhibition of peripheral H1 receptors. It is indicated for the relief of nasal and non-nasal symptoms associated with seasonal or perennial allergic rhinitis, hay fever and chronic idiopathic urticaria. Commonly reported adverse reactions of cetirizine include headache, dry mouth and drowsiness or fatigue. Pharmacokinetic interaction studies with Cetirizine in adults were conducted with pseudoephedrine, antipyrine, ketoconazole, erythromycin and azithromycin. No interactions were observed.
Status:
US Approved Rx
(2019)
Source:
NDA211855
(2019)
Source URL:
First approved in 1946
Source:
NDA006035
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Targets:
Conditions:
Dimethyl maleate is an organic compound, the (Z)-isomer of the dimethyl ester of fumaric acid. Dimethyl maleate can be synthesized from maleic anhydride and methanol, with sulfuric acid acting as acid catalyst, via a nucleophilic acyl substitution for the monomethyl ester, followed by a Fischer esterification reaction for the dimethyl ester. Dimethyl maleate is used in many organic syntheses as a dienophile for diene synthesis. It is used as an additive and intermediate for plastics, pigments, pharmaceuticals, and agricultural products. It is also an intermediate for the production of paints, adhesives, and copolymers.
Status:
US Approved OTC
Source:
21 CFR 341.12(c) cough/cold:antihistamine chlorpheniramine maleate
Source URL:
First approved in 1949
Source:
CHLOR-TRIMETON by SCHERING
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Targets:
Conditions:
Chlorpheniramine is an antihistamine. Chlorpheniramine binds to the histamine H1 receptor. This blocks the action of endogenous histamine, which subsequently leads to temporary relief of the negative symptoms brought on by histamine. Chlorpheniramine is used for relieving symptoms of sinus congestion, sinus pressure, runny nose, watery eyes, itching of the nose and throat, and sneezing due to upper respiratory infections (eg, colds), allergies, and hay fever. In addition to being a histamine H1 receptor (HRH1) antagonist, chlorphenamine has been shown to work as a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor or SNRI.
