Alpha methyltryptamine (AMT) is a tryptamine (indole ethylamine) derivative, which was developed in the 1960's by Upjohn with the intention for use as an antidepressant. It was used in Russia under the trade name Indopan for the treatment of Bipolar disorder and some form of depression, but currently not being produced because of serious side effects. In the 1990's, alpha-methyltryptamine became regulated as a Schedule I controlled substance in the United States. Pharmacologically, AMT has high affinity for the serotonin (5-HT) transporter, a number of 5-HT receptors, and potently inhibits reuptake of monoamines dopamine, 5-HT, and norepinephrine reuptake. AMT is also a monoamine oxidase A inhibitor that conceivably could contribute to its pharmacological effect and this drug also the most potent inhibitor of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO).

Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) also commonly known as 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) is a phorbol ester that is commonly used to activate phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase C). PMA/ TPA possesses potential antineoplastic effects and was studied in phase II clinical trials together with dexamethasone in patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia. In addition, PMA/ TPA participated in phase I trial for treating patients with hematologic cancer or bone marrow disorder that has not responded to previous treatment. Nevertheless, both clinical trials were terminated. Besides, PMA/ TPA was studied in patients with solid tumors, which had depressed white blood cell and neutrophil counts because of prior treatment with cytotoxic cancer chemotherapeutic drugs. It was shown, that the drug increased the low white blood cell and neutrophil counts toward the normal range.