Fasidotril is a diester prodrug of the active metabolite fasidotrilat. Fasidotrilat inhibited both angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE, EC 3.4.25.1) and neprilysin (NEP, EC 3.4.24.11, also named neutral endopeptidase, enkephalinase, or atriopeptidase) at nanomolar concentrations (Ki = 9.8 nM against ACE and 5.1 nM against NEP) Fasidotril was being developed for the treatment of myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure and myocardial infarction.

Ecadotril or sinorphan is the S-enantiomer of racemic acetorphan (racecadotril). It inhibits enkephalinase activity. Ecadotril was studied for the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, however, its development was discontinued.

Indolapril (CI-907) is a new orally active prodrug of nonsulfhydryl angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, developed by Warner-Lambert/Parke-Davis Pharmaceutical Research for treating hypertension. Indolapril is epimer of trandolapril, well-known ACE inhibitor currently in the market for hypertension treatment. Indolapril (Monoester form) and it’s active component (diacid form) produced concentration related ACE inhibition in guinea-pig serum (IC50 for monoester -- 0.1 mkM and for diacid -- 2.6 nM). In isolated rabbit aortic rings and in rat and dog autonomic studies, Indolapril is highly specific in suppressing the contractile or pressor responses to angiotensin I. In two-kidney, one-clip Goldblatt hypertensive rats, single daily doses (0.03-30 mg/kg p.o.) produced dose-dependent decreases in blood pressure; 3 mg/kg lowered blood pressure to normotensive levels. In the spontaneously hypertensive rat, subacute administration of Indolapril produced the same decrease in blood pressure as that obtained in the renal hypertensive rat. In diuretic-pretreated renal hypertensive dogs, 10 mg/kg normalized blood pressure. For equivalent drops in blood pressure, heart rate increases were less in Indolapril than in enalapril-treated renal hypertensive dogs. No side effects were observed with CI-907 in any of the conscious animals. The antihypertensive response to Indolapril (0.03-1.0 mg/kg p.o.) was found to correlate with inhibition of vascular tissue ACE, but not plasma or brain ACE in two-kidney, one-clip renal hypertensive rats.

Verticine is a steroidal alkaloid compound extracted from the Fritillaria species of medicinal plants. Verticine was not only able to block the Nav1.7 ion channel but also preferably inhibited the Kv1.3 ion channel. It inhibits the production of inflammatory cytokines induced by LPS through blocking MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathways. Verticine inhibited the hERG peak tail currents in a concentration dependent manner. Verticine exhibits anti-inflammatory, antitussive, antihypertensive and pain suppression properties.

(±)-3A,7A-di-epi-Perindopril is a mixture of two isomers (S, RR, SS) and (R, SS, RR) each of which is an isomer of the antihypertensive drug perindopril. The first of which has the same activity as the compound while the second one is almost inactive.

(±)-2,3A-di-epi-Perindopril is a mixture of two isomers (S, SR, RR) and (R, RS, SS) which are both inactive epimers of the antihypertensive drug perindopril, although the (R, RS, SS) isomer possesses better activity.

(±)-7A-epi-Perindopril is a mixture of two isomers (S, SR, SS) and (R, RS, RR) each of which is an isomer of the antihypertensive drug perindopril. The first of which has the same activity as the parent compound while the second one is almost inactive.

(3AR)-3A-epi-Perindopril is an epimer (S, RS, SS) of the drug perindopril which is commonly used to treat high blood pressure, hypertension, heart failure, or stable coronary artery disease. This epimer possesses equal activity with the parent compound, perindopril.