Mannose 6-phosphate (M6P) has type-I integral membrane receptors. M6P-receptors bind and transport M6P-enzymes to lysosomes, but it can also modulate the activity of a variety of extracellular M6P-glycoproteins (i.e., latent TGFbeta precursor, urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor, Granzyme B, growth factors, Herpes virus). M6P has been demonstrated to reduce active TGF-β1 expression on cultured tendon fibroblasts and improved range of movement in a rabbit flexor tendon injury model. Studies of M6P in relation to skin scarring demonstrate improvement in scar cosmesis and accelerated return of normal dermal architecture. Juvidex, a formulation of M6P, inhibits the activation of TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta2, which are present at high levels in adult wounds that scar. On the other hands, M6P in a 600 mM hypertonic solution (Adaprev) potentially acts via a physical, non-chemical, hyperosmotic effect.

Oxi0-4503 (now known as combretastatin A1 phosphate), a diphosphate prodrug of combretastatin A1, was developed by Mateon therapeutics as a second-generation, dual-mechanism vascular disrupting agent from the combretastatin family. On November 21, 2012, Oxi-4503 has been granted orphan designation by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of acute myelogenous leukemia. It is known that the orphan drug designation qualifies a company for several benefits, including the potential for market exclusivity, development grants, and tax credits. Oxi0-4503 is currently participating in phase I/II clinical trial the treatment of patients with acute myelogenous leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome. In addition, phase I clinical trial was successfully completed where was studied the safety of Oxi0-4503 in patients with advanced solid tumors.

Mannose 6-phosphate (M6P) has type-I integral membrane receptors. M6P-receptors bind and transport M6P-enzymes to lysosomes, but it can also modulate the activity of a variety of extracellular M6P-glycoproteins (i.e., latent TGFbeta precursor, urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor, Granzyme B, growth factors, Herpes virus). M6P has been demonstrated to reduce active TGF-β1 expression on cultured tendon fibroblasts and improved range of movement in a rabbit flexor tendon injury model. Studies of M6P in relation to skin scarring demonstrate improvement in scar cosmesis and accelerated return of normal dermal architecture. Juvidex, a formulation of M6P, inhibits the activation of TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta2, which are present at high levels in adult wounds that scar. On the other hands, M6P in a 600 mM hypertonic solution (Adaprev) potentially acts via a physical, non-chemical, hyperosmotic effect.

Monophosphothiamine is thiamine derivative used for the treatment of neuritis, polyneuritis, asthenic conditions (weakness), as an additional remedy for chronic blood circulation insufficiency, chronic gastritis accompanied by motor and secretory disorders functions of the stomach. Monophosphothiamine underwent metabolic phosphorylation to active metabolite thiamine pyrophosphate, that acts as a coenzyme in the different metabolic process.

NSI-189 is a novel oral drug which was developed by Neuralstem for the treatment of cognitive disorders. Now the drug is being tested in phase II of clinical trials in patients suffering from major depressive disorder. The mechanism of NSI-189 action is explained by its ability to stimulate the generation of new neurons in the hippocampus, however the exact target molecule is still unknown.

TrioxBio's API, S-ethylisothiouronium diethylphosphate, MTR-104 (MTR- 105), is a nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor which blocks the production of nitric oxide, preventing the dilation of blood vessels and the other detrimental effects caused by excessive NOS activity. MTR-105, a fast-acting synthetic NOS inhibitor with rapid onset of action when administered parenterally, has been effective in alleviating hypotension experimentally and in several observational studies while reducing NO production. MTR-105 is registered and approved for clinical use in the Republic of Moldova where data have been collected from 434 patients exposed to the drug in pre- and postapproval clinical investigations.

Carbendazim is a broad-spectrum benzimidazole antifungal with potential antimitotic and antineoplastic activities widely used as a fungicide in agriculture and home gardening, and as an antihelminthic in veterinary medicine. As a fungicide, carbendazim used for controls Ascomycetes, Fungi Imperfecti, and Basidiomycetes on a wide variety of crops, including bananas, cereals, cotton, fruits, grapes, mushrooms, ornamentals, peanuts, sugarbeet, soybeans, tobacco, and vegetables. Carbendazim is a chemically stable and relatively persistent fungicide which only metabolizes to a limited extent in plants and in soil. The only detected metabolite is 2-aminobenzimidazole, which constitutes less than 5% of the total residues in leaves. Carbendazim may be anticipated to metabolize in the animal into hydroxylated analogues which may appear in meat and milk products. Carbendazim acts as a mitotic poison by altering tubulin binding and microtubule formation. This has been proposed as a possible mechanism of action for the developmental abnormalities seen in animal studies with high concentrations.

Dimetholizine has antihypertensive activity. It is an antihistaminic agent too. Histamine H1 receptor was predicted as a primary target for dimetholizine. Moreover, it was found to bind the Dopamine D2 and 5-HT1A receptors. Dimetholizine was predicted to be alpha1D-Adrenergic blocker.