NAG-thiazoline (NGT) and its derivatives are well-known inhibitors against most b-acetylglucosaminidases (b-GlcNAcases) except for insect and bacterial chitinolytic b-GlcNAcase. Among them, NGT was the only one specifically designed to be an analog of the oxazolinium reaction intermediate based on the substrate-assisted mechanism, an attractive starting point to develop potent inhibitors. It is a major building block for the synthesis of potential inhibitors of transglycosylases involved in bacterial cell wall biosynthesis.

Acetyltryptophan,DL- functions readily as a component of the food in place of the free amino acid - a greater amount of acetyltryptophane,DL- than dl-tryptophane may be available to man. Acetyltryptophan,DL- is used as an additive in the protein microbubbles, used in various biomedical applications such as contrast imaging, targeted drug and gene delivery, delivery of drugs through blood brain barrier (BBB) and IV O2 delivery etc. In the breast cancer biomarkers search, lower levels of endogenous metabolite Acetyltryptophan, DL- was identified in the fluid from the affected breasts compared to the control breast fluid.

Acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid (AKBA), a pentacyclic triterpene, is a component of gum resin of Boswellia serrata. It inhibits 5-lipoxygenase in a selective, enzyme directed, non-redox, and noncompetitive manner. In addition, AKBA inhibited topoisomerase I. It induces apoptosis and exerts antineoplastic properties. 5-LOXIN, a dietary supplement ingredient (Boswellia serrata extract enriched with 30% 3-O-acetyl-11-keto-beta-boswellic acid) is effective in reducing pain and improving physical functioning in osteoarthritis patients.