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Restrict the search for
nonoxynol-9
to a specific field?
Status:
Investigational
Source:
Clin Pharmacol Ther. Sep 1996;60(3):276-82.: Not Applicable Human clinical trial Completed Alzheimer Disease/blood/psychology
Source URL:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Targets:
Arecoline is a natural alkaloid and is an effective constituent of Areca catechu L. (Arecaceae) with various pharmacological activities including effects on nervous, cardiovascular, digestive and endocrine systems and anti-parasitic effects. Antinociception of arecoline is mediated by the activation of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. It was found that this compound leads to oral submucosal fibrosis and oral cancer. Lung cancer is a severe type of carcinoma with high cell motility that is difficult to treat. As a result, further studies are needed to reduce or eliminate the toxicity of the compound before developing into a new drug.
Status:
Investigational
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Erbumine (tert-butylamine) is a colorless liquid with an ammonia-like odor. It is used in the preparation of insecticides, pharmaceuticals, oil additives, and rubber accelerators. It neutralizes acids in exothermic reactions to form salts plus water. May be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen is generated in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.
Status:
Investigational
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (EPIMERIC)
Propenzolate is a pyridine derivative patented by National Research Development Corp. as an anticholinergic agent. Propenzolate is effective antidotes to the cholinesterase-inhibiting action of various organophosphorus compounds. In clinical trials, Propenzolate has an activity that decreases to some extent the secretion of hydrochloric acid and the volume of gastric juice. Adverse effects, including nausea, vomiting, weakness, and drowsiness, as well as xerostomia and cycloplegia, are observed in a high percentage of patients receiving 0.5 to 1.0 mg. every 12 hours.
Status:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Piprocurarium is a curarimimetic. It is antagonized by neostigmine. Piprocurarium is strongly vagolytic, producing tachicardia. Its duration of action is shorter than that of d-tubocurare and longer than that of succinylcholine. Piprocurarium is not hypotensive, is only slightly histaminogenic, is nonirritating to the veins, and can be mixed with all the anesthetic drugs. Piprocurarium has been offered for clinical trial as a brief-acting, nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking drug. The drug appears to be anything but short acting. A persistent tachycardia and elevation in systolic and diastolic pressure invariably follows its intravenous injection. Alarming electrocardiographic changes occur, characterized by AV dissociation, depression of the ST segment, supraventricular tachycardia and, at times, inversion of the T waves. In view of these circulatory effects, it is doubtful that the drug will be useful clinically.
Status:
Investigational
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Sulmarin is a water-soluble coumarin derivative with vitamin P activity. In preclinical models Sulmarin facilitates excitatory transmission from parasympathetic fibers to the gastric musculature, increasing acetylcholine release. Sulmarin reduced the tone of isolated calf coronary arteries and also inhibited the contractile response of the arteries to angiotensin II amide (Hypertensin).
Status:
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Fosfocreatinine, a cardioprotectant that was used for the treatment of cardiac disorders. Information about the current use of this drug is not available.
Status:
Investigational
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Mioflazine, a calcium antagonist, was developed as a cardioprotector. It protected a human atrial muscle against the destructive effects of high concentrations of Ca2+. Information about the current study of this agent is not available.
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)
Profadol is a pyrrolidine derivative patented in the 1960s by pharmaceutical company Parke-Davis as opioid analgesic. Profadol acts as a mixed agonist-antagonist of the μ-opioid receptor and in preclinical studies, Profadol precipitates abstinence in morphine-dependent monkeys and can reverse pethidine- induced narcosis in nondependent monkeys. In morphine-dependent human subjects, Profadol was also found to pre¬cipitate acute abstinence syndromes, with a potency 40 to 50 times less than that of nalorphine. Profadol, unlike other morphine-antagonists, does not produce nalorphine-like subjective effects. Over a fourfold range of doses, this drug was found to produce subjective effects indistinguishable from those of morphine. Also unlike other morphine-antagonists, profadol is quite active on the "classical" rodent tests for analgesia. It is about 1.3 times as potent as pethidine on the mouse hot-plate test, and about four times as potent on the rat tail-pressure test.
Status:
Investigational
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Sezolamide (previously known as MK-417), a potent carbonic anhydrase inhibitor capable of reducing intraocular pressure after topical application, was under investigation for the treatment of glaucoma. . Sezolamide is the more potent of the two stereo isomers of MK-927 in inhibiting human carbonic anhydrase isoenzyme II, the isoenzyme found in ciliary processes. Sezolamide, the S-enantiomer of MK-927, has demonstrated activity in vitro approximately 80 times that of the R-enantiomer of MK-927 (concentrations of 0.54 nmolll and 44 nM, respectively, inhibiting activity of human carbonic anhydrase isoenzyme II by 50%). Clinically, sezolamide has also demonstrated greater activity than MK-927 both after single-dose and after twice daily administration in
patients.
Status:
Investigational
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Peratizole is tranquillizer and antihypertensive agent.
