U.S. Department of Health & Human Services Divider Arrow National Institutes of Health Divider Arrow NCATS

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Showing 411 - 420 of 13268 results

Alvameline is a partial agonist of the M1 mAChR that also displays M2/M3 antagonist effects. It readily crosses the blood-brain barrier. It has an effect profile that makes it of interest to test its ability to counteract bladder overactivity in humans. Behaviorally, alvameline has been shown to significantly improve Morris water maze (MWM) performance in both young and ageimpaired rats. It failed to improve cognition in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease.
Ritanserin (INN, USAN, BAN) is a serotonin receptor antagonist which was never marketed for clinical use but has been used in scientific research. In humans, ritanserin increases deep slow-wave sleep, improved liveliness in a variety of psychiatric disorders and facilitated participation in behaviour therapy. During clinical trials, unexpected observations indicated that ritanserin may be of value in treating obsessive-compulsive disorder, acute mania, negative symptoms of schizophrenia, drug addicts, etc. Clinical observations confirmed the efficacy of ritanserin in the chronic withdrawal phase after detoxification from ethanol. Ritanserin had been in phase III clinical trials by Janssen L.P. for the treatment of anxiety disorder and major depressive disorder. However, the clinical development of ritanserin was discontinued.
Status:
Investigational
Source:
INN:procymate [INN]
Source URL:

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)

Procymate is a cyclohexylpropyl derivative patented by Compagnie Francaise des Matieres Colorantes as a non-hypnogenic depressor of the nervous system.
Status:
Investigational
Source:
NCT02251210: Phase 2 Interventional Completed Arthritis, Rheumatoid
(2001)
Source URL:

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)



Amelubant, its metabolite BIIL 260 (formed by removal of the ethoxycarbonyl protecting group), and its major metabolite BIIL 315 (formed by removal of the protecting group and glucuronidation) had potent in vitro and in vivo Leukotriene B4 receptor antagonistic properties. Amelubant has been in phase II clinical trials by Boehringer Ingelheim for the treatment of cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonay disease, bronchial asthma and rheumatoid arthritis. However, this research has been discontinued. In 2002, orphan drug designation was received in E.U. for the treatment of cystic fibrosis. Serious adverse events of Amelubant were characterized by increased presentation of respiratory signs and/or symptoms associated with pulmonary exacerbation and resulted in admission to a hospital and/or administration of IV antibiotics.
Status:
Investigational
Source:
INN:dexnafenodone [INN]
Source URL:

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)

Dexnafenodone is a dual of adrenergic receptor antagonist and serotonin uptake inhibitor potentially for the treatment of major depressive disorder. Drug induced a rapid and marked suppression of REM sleep, and in parallel an increase in chin muscle tone during NREM sleep. Dexnafenodone produced a frequency- and voltage-dependent inhibition of the fast sodium channels similar to that exhibited with imipramine. It inhibited voltage- and agonist-stimulated Ca2+ entry in isolated rat aortas. In addition, it decreased Ca2+ content in both resting and noradrenaline-stimulated muscles, suggesting that it may deplete noradrenaline-sensitive intracellular Ca2+ stores. As a consequence, dexnafenodone would reduce the concentration of intracellular free Ca2+ available at the contractile apparatus for vascular smooth muscle contraction. Dexnafenodone exerted fewer cardiodepressant effects than imipramine and desipramine in isolated guinea-pig atrial and ventricular muscle fibres less.
Status:
Investigational
Source:
NCT00564226: Phase 2 Interventional Completed Overactive Bladder
(2007)
Source URL:

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)

Burapitant (SSR-240,600) is a drug developed by Sanofi-Aventis which was one of the first compounds developed that acts as a potent and selective antagonist for the NK1 receptor. Burapitant inhibited the binding of radioactive substance P to tachykinin NK1 receptors in human lymphoblastic IM9 cells, human astrocytoma U373MG cells, and human brain cortex. It also showed a subnanomolar affinity for guinea pig NK1 receptors but was less potent on rat and gerbil NK1 receptors. Burapitant inhibited [Sar(9),Met(O2)(11)]substance P-induced inositol monophosphate formation in human astrocytoma U373MG cells. Burapitant (0.1-10 mg/kg i.p. or p.o.) antagonized the excitatory effect of i.c.v. infusion of [Sar(9),Met(O2)(11)]substance P (SP) on the release of acetylcholine in the striatum of anesthetized and awake guinea pigs. This antagonistic action was still observed after repeated administration of Burapitant (5 days, 10 mg/kg p.o., once a day). Burapitant (10 mg/kg i.p.) inhibited the phosphorylation of the cAMP response element-binding protein in various brain regions induced by i.c.v. administration of [Sar9,Met(O2)(11)]SP. While burapitant itself did not proceed beyond early clinical trials and was never developed for clinical use in humans, promising animal results from this and related compounds have led to a number of novel drugs from this class that has now been introduced into medical use.
Status:
Investigational
Source:
INN:venritidine
Source URL:

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (RACEMIC)

Venritidine [D 16637] is an H2-antagonist which appears to undergo phase I clinical trials in the United Kingdom and preclinical investigation in Germany as a gastric ulcer treatment.
Status:
Investigational
Source:
INN:lusaperidone
Source URL:

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)


Lusaperidone (R107474) is a potent and relatively selective alpha(2)-adrenoceptor antagonist. It was under clinical evaluation for the treatment of depression, characterized by anergia and lack of drive. However, further clinical development has been stopped. Radiolabeled lusaperidone may be used as a potential radioligand for studying alpha(2)-adrenoceptors using PET.
Status:
Investigational
Source:
INN:saruparib [INN]
Source URL:

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)

Status:
Investigational
Source:
INN:losoxantrone
Source URL:

Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)

Losoxantrone is an anthrapyrazole that induces both single and double strand breaks in DNA and is a potent inhibitor of DNA synthesis. The drug is in clinical trials for the treatment of breast cancer and of prostate cancer that is refractory to androgen ablation. Acute toxicity is negligible. Losoxantrone may be less cardiotoxic than doxorubicin. Up to 40% of patients encounter alopecia. 3% of patients develop congestive heart failure. Losoxantrone had been in phase II clinical trial for the treatment of breast and prostate cancer. However, this development was discontinued.