Symetine is a benzylamine derivative patented by Eli Lilly & Co. as an antiparasitic and antispirochete agent. In preclinical models, Symetine effectively suppresses amebic liver abscess in guinea pigs.

Pyroxamine (also known as AHR 224) is benzhydryl ethers of 3-pyrrolidinol patented by A. H. Robins Co., Inc. as antihistamine with bronchodilation activity. In preclinical studies, Pyroxamine shows moderate inhibition of histamine-induced ulceration in guinea pigs

Pirazmonam is a potent anti-gram-negative monobactam that is differentiated from aztreonam by its high intrinsic activity against Ps. aeruginosa and good activity against Pseudomonas species. Pirazmonam has generally poor activity against gram-positive aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria. Pirazmonam is a Trojan Horse molecule containing a b-lactam antibiotic that has been developed based on bacterial iron uptake systems. It features high structural similarity to aztreonam attached to a 3-hydroxy-4-pyridinone iron chelating group. Pirazmonam exhibited strong affinity to penicillin-binding protein 3 (PBP3) of Escherichia coli and moderate to negligible affinity to the other E. coli PBPs.

Telatinib (Bay-579352) developed by Bayer is an orally available and highly potent inhibitor of tyrosine kinases VEGFR2,VEGFR3, PDGFR and c-Kit. Telatinib is a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis. Telatinib caused a significant decrease in endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasodilation. Telatinib demonstrates anti-tumor activity in various cancer models. Telatinib is ready for phase III clinical trials for the treatment of gastric cancer. In 2010, it has been granted orphan drug status by the FDA. Most frequent adverse events were pain, nausea, voice changes and fatigue.

MK-0941 is selective, allosteric glucokinase activator (GKA) that activates glucokinase (hexokinase subtype IV) with greater selectivity than over different hexokinase isoforms. In chronic oral toxicity studies in animals with MK-0941, cataracts were observed in rats and dogs at drug exposures of 3 and 1.5 times, respectively, the maximum predicted human exposure based on doses planned for further clinical development. No cataracts were observed in either species at drug exposures equal to the maximum predicted human exposure. In patients receiving stable-dose insulin glargine, the glucokinase activator MK-0941 led to improvements in glycemic control that were not sustained. MK-0941 was associated with an increased incidence of hypoglycemia and elevations in triglycerides and blood pressure.

Efatutazone (CS-7017 or RS-5444) is a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma) agonist with antineoplastic properties. Mediated through activation of PPAR-gamma, this agent is capable of inducing cell differentiation and apoptosis, thereby leading to a reduction in cellular proliferation. Efatutazone was in clinical trials for the treatment of solid tumors however; its development has been discontinued.

MK-0533 is a novel selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma modulator for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. In comparison with PPARγ full agonists, MK-0533 displayed diminished maximal activity (partial agonism) in cell-based transcription activation assays and attenuated gene signatures in adipose tissue. MK-0533 exhibited comparable efficacy to rosiglitazone and pioglitazone in vivo. However, with regard to the induction of untoward events, MK-0533 displayed no cardiac hypertrophy, attenuated increases in brown adipose tissue, minimal increases in plasma volume, and no increases in extracellular fluid volume in vivo. MK-0533 was teste in phase II clinical trials but future development was discontinued.

IPROXAMINE is a peripheral vasodilator.

Omtriptolide (previously known as PG490-88 or F60008), an immunosuppressant that has been shown to be the safe and potent antitumor agent and it has been approved entry into Phase I clinical trial for the treatment of prostate cancer in the USA. In addition, the drug is participating in phase I clinical trial for the treatment of myeloid leukemia. Experiments on animals have shown omtriptolide was highly effective in the prevention of murine graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). The immunosuppressive effect of the drug was mediated by inhibition of alloreactive T cell expansion through interleukin-2 production. However, this study was discontinued. Recently published article has shown omtriptolide possesses the potential as a prophylactic agent to prevent ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced lung injury.