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Restrict the search for
morphine
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Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ACHIRAL)
Targets:
Ocfentanil, a compound structurally similar to the opioid analgesic fentanyl, was developed in the early 1990’s with the hope that it would provide a better clinical safety profile than fentanyl. The receptor pharmacology of ocfentanil appears to share pharmacodynamic effects with fentanyl and other μ opioid agonists, including analgesia, sedation, and respiratory depression. In rodents, ocfentanil was approximately 2.5 times more potent as an analgesic than fentanyl and had a shorter duration of action. Because the preclinical research suggested that ocfentanil had a better safety profile than fentanyl, it was selected for clinical evaluation. Like other μ opioid agonists, ocfentanil has been reported to produce itching, nausea, sedation, and severe respiratory depression. Chest pain, psychosis, and agitation have also been reported. In humans, however, ocfentanil had a similar potency (3 ug/kg ocfentanil produced effects that were comparable to 5 ug/kg fentanyl) and side-effects profile as fentanyl so further clinical development was discontinued. Ocfentanil is not approved in any country for medical useand is under national control in Canada, the United Kingdom, and China.
Status:
Investigational
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Myrophine is an opiate analog and long-acting prodrug for morphine with a slow onset of effects. It is weaker than morphine as an analgesic but longer-lasting in effects and was thought to have a more local anesthetic effect than morphine, though with a somewhat greater tendency to cause histamine reactions like itching and rash. In addiction studies conducted in human subjects in the 1950s, myrophine did not substitute for morphine in withdrawal, did not produce notable morphine-like effects, and did not produce addiction or dependence regardless of dose or how it was administered.
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Targets:
Conditions:
Desomorphine is the common name for 4,5--epoxy-17- methylmorphinan-3-ol or dihydrodesoxymorphine-D. It is an opioid analogue and morphine derivative in which the 6-hydroxyl group and the double bond at carbons 7 and 8 of morphine are reduced. Desomorphine can cross the blood–brain barrier, binding to opioid receptors, similar to the pharmacokinetic distribution of all phenanthrene-structured alkaloids. Taking Desomorphine causes euphoria as well as sedative and analgesic relief. In addition to its faster onset than other powerful painkillers drugs such as morphine, desomorphine also initiates less sedative effects and seems to have favorable postoperative results, such as reduced need for catheterization, less dizziness, and decreased vomiting incidence. In comparison with Morphine, Desomorphine is faster reduced. It follows that it has to be taken it more frequently to get the same effects. Furthermore, it causes side effects such as respiratory and gastrointestinal problems and increased blood pressure. In addition, Desomorphine’s withdrawal symptoms are up to three times longer than Morphine’s. This leads to the conclusion that Desomorphine is more addictive. At present, desomorphine is classified as a narcotic drug (DEA code number 9055) in Schedule I of the U.S. Controlled Substances Act and is listed as a controlled substance under the international Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs of 1961.
Class (Stereo):
CHEMICAL (ABSOLUTE)
Nicodicodine is a cough suppressant and analgesic. It was first synthesized in 1904. It is a Schedule III drug. Nicodicodine is metabolised in the liver to dihydromorphine. Since the final active metabolite is the slightly stronger opiate than morphine, nicodicodine can be expected to be more potent and longer acting than nicocodeine.
