Margaric acid (Heptadecanoic acid, C17) is a fatty acid of exogenous (primarily ruminant) origin. Many "odd" length long chain amino acids are derived from the consumption of dairy fats (milk and meat). Heptadecanoic acid constitutes 0.61% of milk fat and 0.83% of ruminant meat fat. The content of heptadecanoic acid in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of humans appears to be a good biological marker of long-term milk fat intake in free-living individuals in populations with high consumption of dairy products. Margaric acid is a metabolite in glutamate and lipid metabolism in vivo. Blood-brain barrier permeable. Orally active. Possibly involved in anti-tumor activity.

Glycodeoxycholic acid (GDCA), a bile acid, is formed in the liver from chenodeoxycholate and glycine. GDCA was one of twenty-five plasma metabolites, which were significantly different among asthma and healthy controls. Besides, GDCA was elevated in patients with acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure (AALF) and was significantly increased in non-surviving AALF patients compared with survivors. Thus GDCA level could serve as a prognostic biomarker for AALF patients.

Indoleacetic acid is the most abundant and basic plant hormone of auxin class. In plants, it plays a key role in both roots and shoots development. In mammals, indoleacetic acid is often produced by the action of gut bacteria. Elevated levels of indoleacetic acid have been found in the urine of patients with phenylketonuria. Indoleacetic acid was evaluated as a photosensitizer for acne treatment.